Question 1

A deficiency of vitamin _____ results in deterioration of epithelial cells.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is essential for maintaining healthy epithelial cells, which make up the outer layer of skin and line the surfaces of organs and glands. A deficiency of vitamin A can cause the epithelial cells to break down and become less effective at protecting the body from infection and other damage. This can lead to a range of health problems, including impaired vision, weakened immune function, and increased susceptibility to infection.

Question 2

An early symptom of vitamin A deficiency is

Accepted Answer

Night blindness is a classic symptom of vitamin A deficiency. It occurs because vitamin A plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of the retina, which is responsible for vision in dim light. As vitamin A levels decline, the ability to see in low light conditions diminishes, leading to night blindness. Headaches, hair loss, and a swollen tongue are not typically associated with vitamin A deficiency.

Question 3

Which of the following foods are reliable dietary sources of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Fortified milk is a reliable dietary source of vitamin D because it is fortified with vitamin D, which means that vitamin D has been added to the milk.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Excessive intakes of vitamin A can be toxic and lead to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, and in severe cases, even death. Therefore, it's important to consume vitamin A in recommended amounts.

B) Vitamins are organic substances that the body requires in small amounts, not in gram amounts as stated in option B.

C) B vitamins do play a role in cellular energy production, but they are not a direct source of energy.

D) Poor vision in dim light is an early symptom of vitamin A deficiency, not vitamin E deficiency.

Question 5

In underdeveloped countries,severe vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of

Accepted Answer

Severe vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of blindness, particularly in underdeveloped countries where access to vitamin A-rich foods is limited. This deficiency can cause irreversible damage to the cornea and other parts of the eye, leading to blindness. Spina bifida is caused by a deficiency of folic acid, megaloblastic anemia is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 and/or folic acid, and beriberi is caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1).

Question 6

To conserve the vitamin content of foods,

Accepted Answer

Steaming or stir-frying vegetables until they are tender but not overcooked is the best choice for conserving the vitamin content of foods. Boiling vegetables in large amounts of water for extended periods of time can cause some vitamins to leach out into the water. Adding fat to vegetables during cooking can increase their absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, but may also add unwanted calories. Storing foods in warm conditions and exposing them to sunlight and air can degrade the nutrient content of foods.

Question 7

Which of the following vitamins acts as a hormone in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D acts as a hormone by regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the body.

Question 8

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

Accepted Answer

Peaches are a good source of beta-carotene, which is a precursor to vitamin A, while the other options contain little to no beta-carotene.

Question 9

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process.

Accepted Answer

Riboflavin is added to refined grain products like white bread and pasta as part of the enrichment process to replace nutrients lost during processing.

Question 10

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process.

Accepted Answer

Niacin is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process to replace nutrients lost during processing.

Question 11

Vitamin A is necessary for the

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is necessary for the function of rods and cones in the retina. It helps with the formation of visual purple, which helps with vision in low light conditions. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness and other vision problems. None of the other options listed have a direct association with Vitamin A.

Question 12

In the body,vitamin A helps

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is essential for the maintenance of the epithelial cells in various organs including the skin, eyes, respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. It plays a crucial role in preventing infections and promoting wound healing. It also helps in maintaining the integrity of mucous membranes and skin, which act as a barrier against harmful microorganisms. Vitamin A deficiency can lead to dry skin, night blindness, and an increased susceptibility to infections. Vitamin A does not reduce collagen synthesis, help insulin enter cells or aid in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the small intestine.

Question 13

Which of the following foods is a rich dietary source of beta-carotene?

Accepted Answer

Pumpkin pie is made with pumpkin, which is a rich source of beta-carotene.

Question 14

Melanie is a healthy 8-month-old baby who loves to eat carrots,peaches,apricots,and green beans.Recently,her skin turned yellow.Based on this information,Melanie has developed

Accepted Answer

Carotenemia is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin due to excessive consumption of carotenoids, which are found in orange or yellow fruits and vegetables like carrots, peaches, and apricots. This condition is benign and does not usually require medical treatment, as it is not harmful to the body. On the other hand, kidney failure, pernicious anemia, and rickets are unrelated conditions that are not associated with excessive intake of carotenoids.

Question 15

Which of the following vitamins can be made by the human body?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D can be made by the human body when exposed to sunlight.

Question 16

Adding a small amount of _____ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.

Accepted Answer

Fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin A, D, E, and K require some amount of dietary fat for optimal absorption. Adding a small amount of oil to cooked vegetables can provide the necessary fat to enhance the absorption of these vitamins. Adding water, wine, or sugar will not have the same effect.

Question 17

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Boiling in a saucepan of water can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins as they can leach out of the food and into the surrounding water.

Question 18

Which of the following vitamins is a teratogen when consumed in excess?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is a teratogen when consumed in excess during pregnancy, particularly in the first trimester. It can cause birth defects, especially in the developing nervous system and the heart. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a proper balance in the intake of vitamin A during pregnancy.

Question 19

The _____ is the primary site for vitamin absorption in the body.

Accepted Answer

The small intestine is responsible for the majority of vitamin absorption in the body, specifically the duodenum and jejunum sections. The large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes, while the stomach primarily digests food. The pancreas secretes enzymes and produces insulin, but does not directly absorb vitamins.

Question 20

Which of the following foods is a natural source of vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Fatty fish and fish oils are the best natural sources of vitamin D. While some foods, like milk, can be fortified with vitamin D, the form of vitamin D found in fatty fish is more easily absorbed by the body. Dark orange and yellow vegetables and whole-grain breads and cereals do not contain significant amounts of vitamin D.

Quiz 8: Vitamins: Nutrients That Multitask

A deficiency of vitamin _____ results in deterioration of epithelial cells.

An early symptom of vitamin A deficiency is

Which of the following foods are reliable dietary sources of vitamin D?

Which of the following statements is true?

In underdeveloped countries,severe vitamin A deficiency is a major cause of

To conserve the vitamin content of foods,

Which of the following vitamins acts as a hormone in the human body?

Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving?

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process.

_____ is added to refined grain products as part of the enrichment process.

Vitamin A is necessary for the

In the body,vitamin A helps

Which of the following foods is a rich dietary source of beta-carotene?

Melanie is a healthy 8-month-old baby who loves to eat carrots,peaches,apricots,and green beans.Recently,her skin turned yellow.Based on this information,Melanie has developed

Which of the following vitamins can be made by the human body?

Adding a small amount of _____ to cooked vegetables can enhance the intestinal tract's ability to absorb the fat-soluble vitamins they contain.

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins?

Which of the following vitamins is a teratogen when consumed in excess?

The _____ is the primary site for vitamin absorption in the body.

Which of the following foods is a natural source of vitamin D?