The open-system theory cycle includes these three components:

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The open-system theory cycle includes inputs, throughputs, and outputs. Inputs refer to the resources and materials that are brought into the system, throughputs refer to the processes, transformations, and interactions that take place within the system, and outputs refer to the end products or results that are generated by the system. This cycle is an ongoing, dynamic process that involves constant interactions and feedback between the system and its environment. Theory X, Theory Y, and Theory Z refer to different management styles, change agents, clients, and resistance are related to change management, and unfreezing, moving, and refreezing are part of Lewin's change model.

The Open-System Theory Cycle Includes These Three Components