Vertical Marketing System Refers to

Vertical marketing system refers to

A) professionally managed geographically dispersed marketing channels that are controlled through strategic channel alliances.
B) the combination of successive stages of production and distribution under a single ownership.
C) professionally managed and centrally coordinated marketing channels designed to achieve channel economies and maximum marketing impact.
D) a contractual arrangement between a parent company and an individual or firm that allows the individual or firm to operate a certain type of business under an established name and according to specific rules.
E) retailer-sponsored cooperatives where small, independent retailers form an organization that operates a wholesale facility cooperatively.