Question 1

List the levels of organization of the body from simple to complex. 1. organ system 2. Organism 3. Tissue 4. Organ 5. cell

Accepted Answer

The simplest level of organization of living things is the cell. Tissues are composed cells; organs are composed of tissues, and organ systems are composed of organs.

Question 2

Which of the following lists the levels of biological organization in order from simplest to most complex?

Accepted Answer

This question uses the cardiovascular system as an example to require the student to apply the levels of organization to true tissues and organs. These are also tissues and organs discussed in other sections of the chapter.

Question 3

The digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems are similar in that they all help maintain

Accepted Answer

The only answer that applies to all three systems is balance of substances in the blood. Digestive system influences nutrient levels; the respiratory system maintains oxygen and carbon dioxide levels; urinary system rids the blood of wastes.

Question 4

Which of the following would be most likely to occur if the sweat glands failed to be activated in response to an increased body temperature as shown in the figure?

Accepted Answer

Body temperature regulation is the primary example used to explain both homeostasis and negative feedback loops. If an effect does not occur, then the stimulus will continue to increase as will the rest of the functioning loop.

Question 5

If your body is dehydrated, having insufficient fluid levels in the blood, the control center in the brain will stimulate the release of a hormone which will cause water to be reabsorbed into the blood during urine formation. When the control center senses that enough water is reabsorbed, it will stop the release of the hormone. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

This is an example of a negative feedback mechanism because the change from normal is lessened and the loop shuts itself off.

Question 6

Environmental air temperature can fluctuate many degrees during the course of a day. A human's body temperature

Accepted Answer

Body temperature regulation is the primary example used to explain both homeostasis and negative feedback loops. It, along with certain other characteristics, is maintained within a narrow range.

Question 7

Which of the following is an incorrect match?

Accepted Answer

The shape and number of layers of epithelial cells match their function. Single layers allow for quicker diffusion while multiple layers are more protective. Ciliated cells are found in areas where substances must be moved along the cell surfaces.

Question 8

The ability of epithelial tissue to constantly divide

Accepted Answer

The ability of epithelial tissue to continually divide is a disadvantage in that it makes these tissues more susceptible to cancer but it is an advantage in areas of high wear and tear such as the lining of the digestive tract and the skin.

Question 9

Which of the following will happen as a result of the decrease in concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood at the end of the scenario?

Accepted Answer

Once the controlled condition has returned to within normal range the receptors will no longer continue to send their signal.

Question 10

Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle are similar in that they are both

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control and made of long parallel cells whereas cardiac muscle is under involuntary control and made of highly branched cells. Both are striated due to the arrangement of protein fibers inside the cells.

Question 11

The ___________ system is the only system in which there are different organs in males and females.

Accepted Answer

The reproductive system is the only system in the body in which males and females have different organs. Different sex cells are produced along with different hormones. The male reproductive system must deliver sperm into the female's reproductive tract and the female's reproductive system must support the development of the embryo, fetus, and newborn.

Question 12

Columnar cells with small projections called microvilli which line the intestine are a type of

Accepted Answer

Cell shape is one of the characteristics used to name epithelial tissues. Microvilli are processes of the cell membrane which increase the surface area of the columnar cells for digestion and absorption.

Question 13

Which of the following is not true about epithelial tissue?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissues cover body surfaces and line cavities; it comes in three variations of shape: squamous, cuboidal and columnar, Epithelial generally forms one layer of cells which allows for easy gas exchange and diffusion of materials.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of a negative-feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Negative-feedback mechanisms are the most common type of feedback mechanism. They return the controlled condition to within normal range and are shut off.

Question 15

The nervous system and endocrine system control the body's functions by

Accepted Answer

The endocrine system and the nervous system are the control systems of the body both responding to the internal and external stimuli. The nervous system sends messages through nerve impulses and the endocrine system through hormones.

Question 16

If blood sugar levels drop below normal, the ___________ system is primarily responsible for returning levels to normal.

Accepted Answer

The digestive system is responsible for bringing nutrients into the body and processing them. The liver, part of the digestive system, stores glucose and releases it when blood sugar levels begin to drop.

Question 17

The medulla oblongata acts as the ___________ in this example of negative feedback.

Accepted Answer

The control center, usually part of the brain, receives input from the sensor and sends output to the effect.

Question 18

The respiratory system would respond to a change in

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and rids the body of carbon dioxide. Therefore, it responds to changes in the levels of oxygen in the blood. The other stimuli listed are responded to by other systems.

Question 19

If the lymphatic system did not function correctly

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic system collects fluids from the tissues and returns it to the blood. If it is not functioning properly fluid would pool in the tissues and swelling would result. The other answers correspond to the functions of other systems.

Question 20

Figure:  Using the figure shown here as a guide, answer the following questions about the situation described.
Jane dives into a swimming pool to retrieve a diving ring from the bottom, holding her breath the whole time she is underwater. This act causes an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in her blood. As she surfaces, chemoreceptors in certain major arteries detect the change from normal. These receptors cause impulses to be sent to the medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata sends impulses to the diaphragm and muscles between the ribs causing more frequent and more forceful inhalations and exhalations. This in turn causes a decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood.
-The stimulus in this scenario is

Accepted Answer

This question requires the student to apply the information on homeostasis to a new example not presented in the text. The stimulus is whatever has deviated from within the normal range.

Quiz 22: Being Organized and Steady