Question 1

According to Freud,how have civilizations failed humans?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

Why did the Nazi government ban Erich Maria Remarque's novel All Quiet on the Western Front?

Accepted Answer

The novel All Quiet on the Western Front portrayed the horrors and brutality of war and challenged the glorification of military service that was central to Nazi propaganda. Therefore, it was deemed too antimilitaristic by the Nazi regime and banned.

Question 3

According to Freud,which of the following is not one of the competing drives of human personality?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the three competing forces of human personality are the Id, Ego, and Superego. The Superid is not a recognized component of Freudian theory.

Question 4

Why in the 1915 "0,10" exhibition did Malevich replace the area reserved for religious icons with his Black Square?

Accepted Answer

Malevich was exploring the concept of the "zero degree" of painting, where art would be stripped to its essence and devoid of any representation or meaning beyond itself. By replacing the area reserved for religious icons with his Black Square, Malevich was rejecting traditional religious iconography and symbolically representing the void of religious feeling.

Question 5

In The Battleship Potemkin's Odessa Steps scene,how did Eisenstein heighten tension and emotional impact?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In The Battleship Potemkin's Odessa Steps scene,how...

Question 6

Why did the exhibition committee for a 1917 New York show hide Duchamp's "ready-made" entry,Fountain,behind a curtain?

Accepted Answer

The exhibition committee hid Duchamp's "ready-made" entry, Fountain, behind a curtain because it was a urinal, and they considered it to be obscene and inappropriate for public display.

Question 7

Why did Gertrude Stein declare of the World War I survivors,"You are all a lost generation"?

Accepted Answer

Gertrude Stein used the phrase "lost generation" to describe the post-World War I generation because she believed they were aimless and lacked a sense of purpose or direction. Many had experienced the trauma of war, and the social and cultural changes of the time had left them feeling disconnected from the past and uncertain about the future. Stein saw them as a group without a clear identity or sense of belonging, and she believed that this sense of loss would shape their lives in profound ways.

Question 8

Why did the World War I soldiers so fear mustard gas?

Accepted Answer

Mustard gas was a chemical weapon used during World War I that caused severe burns, blisters, and respiratory damage to soldiers. It also had a delayed onset, meaning its effects would not be immediately felt, leading to fear and uncertainty among soldiers. It was known to cause choking and blindness, making it a particularly terrifying weapon to face in battle.

Question 9

With what did poet William Butler Yeats compare the postwar era?

Accepted Answer

Yeats compared the postwar era to an apocalypse in his poem "The Second Coming," which reflects on the chaos and disintegration of society following World War I.

Question 10

What did one American critic call Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase?

Accepted Answer

An American critic famously described Duchamp's "Nude Descending a Staircase" as "an explosion in a shingle factory" due to its abstract and fragmented depiction of motion.

Question 11

Why did the Dada poets compose nonsensical sound poems?

Accepted Answer

Dada poets composed nonsensical sound poems to protest against the meaningless rhetoric of nationalism and the absurdity of the modern world, especially in the context of the devastation caused by World War I.

Question 12

Why did so much of Kasimir Malevich's Suprematist art depend on the square?

Accepted Answer

Malevich believed that the traditional forms of art were too burdened by representation and objectivity. By using the square, a simple and universal shape, he sought to free art from the constraints of the tangible world and create a purely abstract visual language.

Question 13

What did the Surrealists attempt to capture in literature and art?

Accepted Answer

The Surrealists attempted to capture thought not controlled by reason, an exploration of the subconscious mind and dreams in a rejection of traditional values and rational thinking.

Question 14

Why did Sergei Eisenstein make agitkas,the most famous of which is The Battleship Potemkin?

Accepted Answer

Sergei Eisenstein made agitkas, especially his most famous film, The Battleship Potemkin, to gain support for the Bolshevik revolution. Agitkas were propaganda films that aimed to promote the Bolshevik cause and convince the masses to join the revolution. Eisenstein's films were powerful tools in promoting the revolutionary ideology and creating a sense of unity among the proletariat.

Question 15

Whose utopian views influenced Vladimir Lenin?

Accepted Answer

Vladimir Lenin was heavily influenced by the Marxist ideology, which emphasizes the importance of a classless society and the overthrow of capitalism. While he may have been influenced by other utopian thinkers, such as William Morris, Karl Marx's ideas were the most significant in shaping his beliefs and the Bolshevik ideology.

Question 16

Approximately how many casualties resulted from World War I?

Accepted Answer

Approximately ten million casualties resulted from World War I.

Question 17

How does The Battleship Potemkin's Odessa Steps scene qualify as Eisenstein's invention?

Accepted Answer

The Odessa Steps massacre depicted in "The Battleship Potemkin" is a fictional event created by Sergei Eisenstein for dramatic effect; no such massacre occurred in reality.

Question 18

According to its founders,what did Dada mean?

Accepted Answer

Dada was an art movement that embraced absurdity and rejected traditional artistic values, and its founders claimed that the word "Dada" meant "nothing," reflecting its anti-establishment ethos.

Question 19

What was an implication of Freud's theory of infantile sexuality?

Accepted Answer

Freud's theory of infantile sexuality suggested that children had sexual desires and urges from a young age, leading to the implication that childhood was no longer seen as an innocent, pure time.

Question 20

Why did Austria declare war on Serbia in 1914?

Accepted Answer

Austria declared war on Serbia in 1914 after the assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist. Austria viewed Serbia as responsible for the assassination and used it as a justification for declaring war.

Quiz 34: The Great War and Its Impact: a Lost Generation and a New Imagination