Question 1

If you observe an animal ingesting large amounts of food at short intervals and material entering and leaving from the same place,also frequently,you could say that

Accepted Answer

Endotherms have a high metabolic rate and need to eat frequently to maintain their body temperature. They also have an incomplete digestive tract, which means that food passes through their system quickly.

Question 2

Rings of muscle in the digestive tract that can open and close,regulating the movement of food into or out of parts of the digestive system,are

Accepted Answer

Sphincters are the rings of muscle in the digestive tract that can open and close to regulate the movement of food into or out of parts of the system. Rumens are pouches in the digestive system of ruminant animals, chymes are partially digested food mixed with digestive juices, villi are small finger-like projections in the small intestine that absorb nutrients, and uvulas are fleshy tissue at the back of the palate that helps with speech and swallowing.

Question 3

If you wanted to treat a patient who could not digest fats due to a metabolic mutation,you might want to find a way to enhance their digestive tract with

Accepted Answer

Lipase is the enzyme responsible for the digestion of fats. If a patient is unable to digest fats due to a metabolic mutation, enhancing their digestive tract with lipase can aid in the breakdown and absorption of fats. This can be done through supplementation or dietary changes. Lactase, amylase, pepsin, and bile are all involved in the digestion of other types of nutrients and would not be effective for a patient with a fat digestion issue.

Question 4

If you were dissecting a tadpole from the genus Spea,and you found that it had a very short gut,you would expect what about its habitat and diet?

Accepted Answer

Tadpoles with very short guts are typically adapted to carnivorous diets, which suggests that their habitat, likely a pond low on water, had mostly animals available for food.

Question 5

You are dissecting an animal and notice a large store of fat.Based on this you can say that this animal contains abundant

Accepted Answer

Fat is a type of lipid, which is a carbon-containing molecule. Lipids are high in chemical and potential energy, making all the options correct in the context of a large store of fat in an animal.

Question 6

Teeth are mineralized structures for holding and breaking up food.

Accepted Answer

Teeth are made of mineralized tissues, such as enamel, dentin, and cementum, which provide the structure and strength needed for biting and chewing.

Question 7

The building blocks which animals need for life include

Accepted Answer

The answer of The building blocks which animals need for...

Question 8

The tadpoles of Scaphiopus toads have less variable intestinal length in their tadpoles than Spea toads.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true. Scaphiopus toads' tadpoles have a more uniform intestinal length compared to Spea toads' tadpoles, which show greater variation in intestinal length.

Question 9

When cleaning up from lab,you are asked to place two intestinal tracts in the appropriate bins.You would put the shorter one in a bin marked "herbivore" and the longer one in a bin marked "carnivore."

Accepted Answer

Herbivores typically have longer intestinal tracts to digest plant material, while carnivores have shorter tracts for meat digestion.

Question 10

If you were to use a drug to paralyze jaw muscles,what would happen to digestion?

Accepted Answer

Paralyzing the muscles of the jaw would inhibit mechanical digestion since the jaws would not be able to break down food by chewing. However, the secretion of enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and protease would not be affected, nor would peristalsis be stopped. Therefore, A is the best choice.

Question 11

You are given a newly discovered organism and are asked to help classify it.You note only one opening to the digestive tract,and microscopic examination shows it to be multicellular and lacking chloroplasts.You therefore call it

Accepted Answer

The organism is heterotrophic because it lacks chloroplasts, indicating it cannot photosynthesize and must obtain food from other sources. It has an incomplete digestive tract because there is only one opening for both ingestion and egestion, typical of a simple, sac-like digestive system.

Question 12

Jellyfish have incomplete digestive tracts.

Accepted Answer

Jellyfish have a single opening that serves as both the mouth and anus, and food is absorbed directly into their gastrovascular cavity where it is digested.

Question 13

An autotroph obtains the energy that it needs to maintain homeostasis from the sun.

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs, such as plants and algae, use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into usable energy in the form of glucose. They do not rely on other organisms for their energy needs.

Question 14

A heterotroph obtains the energy that it needs to maintain homeostasis from the sun.

Accepted Answer

A heterotroph cannot obtain energy from the sun as it is not capable of producing its own food through photosynthesis. They obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter.

Question 15

An enzyme that breaks down protein is

Accepted Answer

Pepsin is the enzyme that breaks down protein in the stomach. Lipase breaks down fat, lactase breaks down lactose, amylase breaks down carbohydrates, and bile emulsifies fat but does not break it down.

Question 16

Phenotypic plasticity is seen when a trait such as intestine length can vary depending on the conditions under which an organism develops.

Accepted Answer

Phenotypic plasticity refers to the ability of an organism to exhibit variations in its phenotypic traits in response to changing environmental conditions. Intestine length is one such trait that can vary depending on the availability of food and other resources during development. Therefore, option A is correct.

Question 17

Autotrophs make their own food using energy captured from the sun.

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs, also known as producers, use photosynthesis to convert sunlight into energy to make their own food from inorganic compounds such as carbon dioxide and water.

Question 18

The enzyme that breaks down starch is

Accepted Answer

Amylase is the enzyme that breaks down starch. Lipase breaks down fats, lactase breaks down lactose, pepsin breaks down proteins, and bile aids in fat digestion but does not break down starch.

Question 19

Spadefoot toads show phenotypic plasticity for what digestive trait?

Accepted Answer

Spadefoot toads show phenotypic plasticity for intestine length, meaning their intestine length can vary depending on environmental conditions such as food availability.

Question 20

Endotherms need more energy than ectotherms since they must do more metabolic work to maintain body temperature.

Accepted Answer

Endotherms have the ability to regulate their body temperature internally, but this requires more energy as they use metabolic processes to generate heat to maintain their body temperature. Ectotherms, on the other hand, rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature and therefore do not require as much energy.

Quiz 32: Digestion and Nutrition