Question 1

Receptors that are stimulated by changes in chemical concentrations are called thermoreceptors.

Accepted Answer

Receptors that are stimulated by changes in chemical concentrations are called chemoreceptors. Thermoreceptors are stimulated by changes in temperature.

Question 2

The stapes transmit vibrations to the round window of the inner ear.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The stapes transmit vibrations to the round...

Question 3

Smell and taste disorders may be caused by
A)a side effect of a drug.
B)allergies.
C)a head injury.
D)all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Smell and taste disorders can be caused by a variety of factors including side effects of medication, allergies, and head injuries. Therefore, option D "all of the above" is the correct answer.

Question 4

Farsightedness after the age of forty-five is most likely caused by
A)loss of lens capsule elasticity.
B)shortening of the eyeball.
C)lengthening of the eyeball.
D)changes in curvature of the cornea.

Accepted Answer

Farsightedness, also known as presbyopia, after the age of forty-five is most commonly caused by a loss of lens capsule elasticity. As we age, the lens inside the eye becomes less flexible and less able to change shape to focus on near objects, resulting in difficulty with reading and other close-up tasks. Shortening or lengthening of the eyeball and changes in curvature of the cornea can also cause refractive errors, but these are less common causes of presbyopia.

Question 5

Glaucoma is usually caused by
A)clouding of the lens.
B)clouding of the lens capsule.
C)accumulation of vitreous humor.
D)accumulation of aqueous humor.

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma is caused by the gradual buildup of aqueous humor, a fluid that fills the space between the cornea and iris of the eye. This buildup can increase the pressure within the eye, leading to damage of the optic nerve and potentially irreversible vision loss.

Question 6

General senses result from stimulation of receptors in the head only.

Accepted Answer

General senses refers to sensations that can be experienced throughout the body, including touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception. These sensations are detected by receptors located throughout the body, not just in the head.

Question 7

Movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals
A)sound waves to the brain.
B)the direction of motion.
C)the frequency of the sound.
D)the velocity of the movement.

Accepted Answer

The movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals the direction of motion, not sound waves, frequency, or velocity. This information is used by the brain to detect head movements and maintain balance.

Question 8

A curvature defect of the lens or cornea in which some parts of an image are in focus on the retina and other parts are blurred and vision is distorted is called
A)presbyopiA.
B)astigmatism.
C)hyperopia.
D)myopia.

Accepted Answer

Astigmatism is a condition in which the curvature of the lens or cornea is uneven, causing some parts of an image to be in focus and other parts to be blurred, resulting in distorted vision. Presbyopia, hyperopia, and myopia are all conditions that affect the ability to focus on objects at varying distances, but they do not involve a curvature defect of the lens or cornea.

Question 9

Lorelei thinks of the days of the week and months of the year as particular colors.She has
A)synesthesiA.
B)neuropathy.
C)a deficiency of neurons in her visual cortex.
D)too few synapses in her hypothalamus.

Accepted Answer

Lorelei's ability to associate days and months with specific colors is a form of synesthesia, a neurological condition where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway.

Question 10

Treatment for cataract is usually removal of the
A)corneA.
B)sclera.
C)lens.
D)vitreous humor.

Accepted Answer

Cataract is the cloudiness or opacity of the lens of the eye. Therefore, the treatment for cataract is usually removal of the lens, which is done through a surgical procedure called cataract surgery.

Question 11

The utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors associated with the sense of dynamic equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

The utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors for static equilibrium and linear acceleration, not dynamic equilibrium, which is associated with the semicircular canals.

Question 12

The painkiller sold as Ziconotide comes from a
A)bacterium.
B)fungus.
C)snail.
D)plant.

Accepted Answer

Ziconotide is derived from the venom of a cone snail.

Question 13

Opiate drugs used to treat pain come from a
A)bacterium.
B)fungus.
C)snail.
D)plant.

Accepted Answer

Opiate drugs such as morphine, codeine, and heroin come from the opium poppy plant.

Question 14

Stretching of tissues can cause pain sensations to arise from visceral organs.

Accepted Answer

Stretching of tissues in visceral organs can cause pain sensations to arise, as these organs do contain pain receptors, even though they may be located deeper than those in other parts of the body. This is why visceral pain can feel more diffuse and difficult to localize.

Question 15

Sensory receptors are specialized cells or multicellular structures that collect information from the environment and stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain,where the cerebral cortex forms a perception.

Accepted Answer

This is a true statement about sensory receptors and their function in transmitting information to the brain.

Question 16

Referred pain occurs when the brain projects the sensation back to the original source in the body from which the pain originated.

Accepted Answer

Referred pain occurs when pain is perceived at a location other than the site of the painful stimulus, due to the network of interconnecting sensory nerves.

Question 17

A person who is colorblind lacks
A)retinas.
B)one type of photopigment.
C)corneas.
D)a gene that encodes the proteins in rod cells.

Accepted Answer

A person who is colorblind lacks one type of photopigment in their eyes, which affects their ability to distinguish between certain colors. This is most commonly due to a genetic mutation on the X chromosome. The other options (retinas, corneas, and proteins in rod cells) may also affect vision to some degree, but they do not specifically cause colorblindness.

Question 18

Otosclerosis affects the
A)tympanic membrane.
B)auditory ossicles.
C)cochlea.
D)auditory nerve.

Accepted Answer

Otosclerosis is a condition where the bones in the middle ear, particularly the auditory ossicles, become abnormally grown, leading to hearing loss. The condition can also affect the cochlea in some cases, but not the tympanic membrane or auditory nerve.

Question 19

A cochlear implant treats
A)a torn tympanic membrane.
B)otosclerosis.
C)conductive deafness.
D)sensorineural deafness.

Accepted Answer

A cochlear implant treats sensorineural deafness, which is caused by damage to the hair cells in the inner ear or the auditory nerve. It does not treat conductive deafness, which is caused by problems in the outer or middle ear, such as a torn tympanic membrane or otosclerosis.

Question 20

Jenny slurps up a plate of beef lo mein at a Chinese restaurant."That tastes great,but I can't quite describe it." What type of taste sensation is she experiencing?
A)Paprika
B)Umami
C)Starch
D)Pepper

Accepted Answer

Umami is often described as a savory or meaty taste, which is characteristic of the beef lo mein that Jenny is eating. Paprika, starch, and pepper are not typically used to describe the taste of Chinese food.

Quiz 12: Nervous System III

Receptors that are stimulated by changes in chemical concentrations are called thermoreceptors.

The stapes transmit vibrations to the round window of the inner ear.

Smell and taste disorders may be caused by

Farsightedness after the age of forty-five is most likely caused by

Glaucoma is usually caused by

General senses result from stimulation of receptors in the head only.

Movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals

A curvature defect of the lens or cornea in which some parts of an image are in focus on the retina and other parts are blurred and vision is distorted is called

Lorelei thinks of the days of the week and months of the year as particular colors.She has

Treatment for cataract is usually removal of the

The utricle and saccule contain the sensory receptors associated with the sense of dynamic equilibrium.

The painkiller sold as Ziconotide comes from a

Opiate drugs used to treat pain come from a

Stretching of tissues can cause pain sensations to arise from visceral organs.

Sensory receptors are specialized cells or multicellular structures that collect information from the environment and stimulate neurons to send impulses along sensory fibers to the brain,where the cerebral cortex forms a perception.

Referred pain occurs when the brain projects the sensation back to the original source in the body from which the pain originated.

A person who is colorblind lacks

Otosclerosis affects the

A cochlear implant treats

Jenny slurps up a plate of beef lo mein at a Chinese restaurant."That tastes great,but I can't quite describe it." What type of taste sensation is she experiencing?