Question 1

In a data set,the number of elements will always be the same as the number of
A)independent variables
B)observations
C)data points
D)dependent variables

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a data set,the number of elements...

Question 2

Which of the following variables use the ratio scale of measurement?
A)social security number
B)temperature
C)gender
D)income

Accepted Answer

Income uses the ratio scale of measurement because it has a true zero point and allows for meaningful ratios to be calculated (such as one person earning twice as much as another person). Social security number is a nominal attribute, temperature is an interval attribute (there is no true zero point), and gender is also a nominal attribute.

Question 3

The scale of measurement that is simply a label for the purpose of identifying the attribute of an element is the
A)ratio scale
B)nominal scale
C)ordinal scale
D)interval scale

Accepted Answer

Nominal scale is the scale of measurement that is simply a label for the purpose of identifying the attribute of an element. It does not have any quantitative meaning, but rather categorizes variables into different groups or classes. The other options (ratio, ordinal, interval) all involve some sort of numerical ranking or measurement.

Question 4

Which of the following is a scale of measurement?
A)ratio
B)primal
C)divisional
D)remedial

Accepted Answer

Ratio is a scale of measurement that has a meaningful zero point and a constant unit of measurement. It allows for comparison of both relative and absolute differences. Primal, divisional, and remedial are not recognized scales of measurement.

Question 5

A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called
A)statistical inference
B)descriptive statistics
C)a census
D)a sample

Accepted Answer

A sample is a portion of the population selected to represent the population. The other options are terms related to statistics but do not directly answer the question. Statistical inference refers to making predictions or drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample. Descriptive statistics is the branch of statistics that deals with organizing, summarizing, and describing data. A census is a complete count of a population.

Question 6

The average age in a sample of 190 students at City College is 22.As a result of this sample,it can be concluded that the average age of all the students at City College
A)must be more than 22,since the population is always larger than the sample
B)must be less than 22,since the sample is only a part of the population
C)could not be 22
D)could be larger,smaller,or equal to 22

Accepted Answer

Since the sample size is only 190 out of the entire population, we cannot conclusively say whether the average age of all the students at City College is larger or smaller than 22. It is possible that the sample is representative of the entire population, and thus the average age could be 22. Therefore, the best choice is D - the average age could be larger, smaller, or equal to 22.

Question 7

In a post office,the mailboxes are numbered from 1 to 4,500.These numbers represent
A)categorical data
B)quantitative data
C)either categorical or quantitative data
D)since the numbers are sequential,the data is quantitative

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a post office,the mailboxes are numbered...

Question 8

In a sample of 400 students in a university,80,or 20%,are Business majors.Based on the above information,the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are Business majors." This report is an example of
A)a sample
B)a population
C)statistical inference
D)descriptive statistics

Accepted Answer

The report makes a generalization about the entire university student population based on a sample of 400 students, which is an example of statistical inference.

Question 9

The weight of a candy bar in ounces is an example of
A)categorical data
B)either categorical or quantitative data
C)weight data
D)quantitative data

Accepted Answer

The weight of a candy bar is a numerical measurement and can be measured in ounces or grams, making it an example of quantitative data.

Question 10

The owner of a factory regularly requests a graphical summary of all employees' salaries.The graphical summary of salaries is an example of
A)a sample
B)descriptive statistics
C)statistical inference
D)an experiment

Accepted Answer

The graphical summary of salaries represents the descriptive statistics of the population (employees in the factory). It simply summarizes the data without making any inferences or assumptions about the population, which makes it different from statistical inference. Additionally, it is not a sample, as it includes data on all employees in the factory. Lastly, it is not an experiment since there is no manipulation of variables. Therefore, the best choice for this scenario is B - descriptive statistics.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a scale of measurement?
A)nominal
B)ordinal
C)interval
D)primal

Accepted Answer

"Primal" is not a recognized scale of measurement. The correct spelling is "ratio."

Question 12

A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages.On the basis of this information,the professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 24 years.This is an example of
A)a census
B)descriptive statistics
C)an experiment
D)statistical inference

Accepted Answer

This is an example of statistical inference because the professor is making an inference about the entire university population based on information obtained from a sample (the students in the class).

Question 13

Which scale of measurement can be either numeric or nonnumeric?
A)nominal
B)ratio
C)interval
D)None of these alternatives is correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which scale of measurement can be either...

Question 14

The height of a building,measured in feet,is an example of
A)categorical data
B)either categorical or quantitative data
C)feet data
D)quantitative data

Accepted Answer

The height of a building measured in feet is a numerical value and can be measured quantitatively. Therefore, the data is quantitative.

Question 15

Since a sample is a subset of the population,the sample mean
A)is always smaller than the mean of the population
B)is always larger than the mean of the population
C)must be equal to the mean of the population
D)can be larger,smaller,or equal to the mean of the population

Accepted Answer

The sample mean can be larger, smaller, or equal to the mean of the population. It depends on the variability of the sample and how representative it is of the population. However, as the sample size increases, the sample mean tends to get closer to the population mean.

Question 16

The process of analyzing sample data in order to draw conclusions about the characteristics of a population is called
A)descriptive statistics
B)statistical inference
C)data analysis
D)data summarization

Accepted Answer

Statistical inference is the process of drawing conclusions about a population based on sample data. Descriptive statistics is the process of summarizing and describing characteristics of a dataset, while data analysis is a broad term that may encompass both descriptive and inferential techniques. Data summarization refers specifically to the process of condensing data into a more useable form, and is a component of descriptive statistics.

Question 17

The collection of all elements of interest in a particular study is
A)the population
B)the sampling
C)statistical inference
D)descriptive statistics

Accepted Answer

The population is the collection of all elements (people, objects, events, etc.) that are of interest in a particular study. It is the entire group that the researcher wants to draw conclusions about, and it is often too large or difficult to measure directly.

Question 18

In a sample of 800 students in a university,240,or 30%,are Business majors.The 30% is an example of
A)a sample
B)a population
C)statistical inference
D)descriptive statistics

Accepted Answer

The 30% represents a characteristic (percentage) of a group within the sample, which is an example of descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the features of a dataset.

Question 19

Five hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions in an upcoming city election.The five hundred residents in this study is an example of a(n)
A)census
B)sample
C)observation
D)population

Accepted Answer

The 500 residents polled are a sample because they represent a smaller subset of the larger population of the city, and are not a complete count of all the residents (census). It is also not an observation, since the researchers are actively seeking information from the participants.

Question 20

The Department of Transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day.The average number of accidents is an example of
A)descriptive statistics
B)statistical inference
C)a sample
D)a population

Accepted Answer

The average number of accidents is a characteristic of the data set itself and is therefore an example of descriptive statistics, which involves summarizing and describing the main features of a data set. Statistical inference, on the other hand, involves drawing conclusions or making predictions about a larger population based on a smaller sample, which is not necessary in this case. A sample and population are not applicable in this scenario as it is referring to the entire data set of accidents.

Quiz 1: Data and Statistics

In a data set,the number of elements will always be the same as the number of

Which of the following variables use the ratio scale of measurement?

The scale of measurement that is simply a label for the purpose of identifying the attribute of an element is the

Which of the following is a scale of measurement?

A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called

The average age in a sample of 190 students at City College is 22.As a result of this sample,it can be concluded that the average age of all the students at City College

In a post office,the mailboxes are numbered from 1 to 4,500.These numbers represent

In a sample of 400 students in a university,80,or 20%,are Business majors.Based on the above information,the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are Business majors." This report is an example of

The weight of a candy bar in ounces is an example of

The owner of a factory regularly requests a graphical summary of all employees' salaries.The graphical summary of salaries is an example of

Which of the following is not a scale of measurement?

A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages.On the basis of this information,the professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 24 years.This is an example of

Which scale of measurement can be either numeric or nonnumeric?

The height of a building,measured in feet,is an example of

Since a sample is a subset of the population,the sample mean

The process of analyzing sample data in order to draw conclusions about the characteristics of a population is called

The collection of all elements of interest in a particular study is

In a sample of 800 students in a university,240,or 30%,are Business majors.The 30% is an example of

Five hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions in an upcoming city election.The five hundred residents in this study is an example of a(n)

The Department of Transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day.The average number of accidents is an example of