Question 1

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a prepackaged software?
A) It does not handle processes using industry's best practices.
B) It requires the organization to change its business processes.
C) It involves high costs and long implementation time.
D) It does not include vendor's new features.

Accepted Answer

Prepackaged software often requires organizations to change their business processes to match the software's functionality, which can be a disadvantage if the organization's processes were previously working well.

Question 2

The ________ compress the time horizon for software development and focuses on the time available until the next release while the development team determines how many of the requirements it can deliver in that time frame.
A) iterative
B) waterfall
C) agile
D) V-model

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ compress the time horizon for...

Question 3

Which of the following is an advantage of a prepakaged software?
A) It requires shorter implementation time.
B) It is tailored closely to the organization's needs.
C) It offers strategic value that contributes to a company's competitive advantage.
D) It has high overall cost.

Accepted Answer

Prepackaged software is designed to be easily implemented and used by a wide range of organizations, so it typically requires less time to implement than custom-built software. This can be an advantage for companies that need to implement new software quickly or that have limited IT resources available to devote to software development. Options B and C are not advantages of prepackaged software, as it is not tailored closely to an organization's specific needs and does not offer strategic value or competitive advantage. Option D is also incorrect, as prepackaged software can have a lower overall cost than custom-built software, depending on the specific circumstances.

Question 4

The ________ procures the best systems for each application regardless of the vendor.
A) integrated approach
B) unified approach
C) best of breed approach
D) ad-hoc approach

Accepted Answer

The statement describes the "best of breed approach," which involves choosing the best system from various vendors rather than relying on a single vendor's products (integrated approach) or forcing a single system across the organization (unified approach). Ad-hoc approach implies a lack of structure or planning, which is not described in the statement.

Question 5

An organization is using a unified procurement approach if it ________.
A) prefers systems that are offered by a single vendor
B) sells systems to buyers from the same market
C) buys systems from different geographic markets
D) creates the best systems with the latest technologies available

Accepted Answer

A unified procurement approach means that the organization prefers to use systems and technologies from a single vendor in order to streamline their procurement process and reduce the complexity of managing multiple vendors. This approach typically leads to greater standardization and efficiency in the organization's technology infrastructure.

Question 6

Which of the following is an advantage of custom system development?
A) It has low overall costs and is inexpensive to run.
B) It requires less time to go live.
C) It is tailored close to the organization's needs.
D) It does not require in-house maintenance and upgrades.

Accepted Answer

Custom system development is tailored specifically to an organization's needs and requirements, which can lead to more efficient and effective processes. This can ultimately lead to cost savings and increased productivity in the long run. However, it may require more time and resources initially. In-house maintenance and upgrades may also be necessary to keep the system up-to-date and functioning properly.

Question 7

Which of the following reasons explains why waterfall methods are still widely in use?
A) It has a strong track record of delivering quality software on time.
B) It does not handle inevitable changes in a project
C) It has a logical and familiar structure which is comfortable to use.
D) It involves time to adjust to its team-oriented approach.

Accepted Answer

Waterfall methods are still widely used because they have a logical and familiar structure, which many teams find comfortable to use, especially in projects with well-defined requirements.

Question 8

A ________ is an invitation to software companies to submit a formal proposal, including a detailed description of their products, services, and costs.
A) request for proposal
B) request for application
C) request for quotation
D) request for tender

Accepted Answer

A request for proposal (RFP) is a document that solicits proposals, often made through a bidding process, from vendors interested in supplying a particular product or service. It typically includes a detailed description of the project, the requirements that vendors should meet, the evaluation criteria used to assess proposals, and the timeline for the selection process. RFPs are often used in industries such as software development, construction, and government procurement.

Question 9

An organization is using the best of breed approach if it ________.
A) creates the best systems with the latest technologies available
B) procures the best systems, regardless of the vendor
C) procures systems from the best vendors in the market
D) creates systems using the most expensive tools and technologies

Accepted Answer

The best of breed approach involves selecting the best systems or applications from different vendors or providers, rather than relying on a single vendor's offerings. This allows an organization to benefit from the strengths and capabilities of various vendors and technologies, rather than being limited by a single provider's offerings.

Question 10

Which of the following best defines agile methods?
A) They stress on agile teams undertaking sequenced tasks.
B) They involve agile members being individually responsible for delivery.
C) They involve characteristics of cohesiveness and trust.
D) They involve developers who are resistant to changes in requirements.

Accepted Answer

Agile methods involve characteristics of cohesiveness and trust, where the team members work closely together and have open communication. This enables them to quickly adapt to changes in requirements and deliver solutions that meet the customer's needs. The other options are not accurate definitions of agile methods.

Question 11

Which of the following is an advantage of customization?
A) It helps add competitive advantage to processes that are not easy for an organization to alter.
B) It displays errors much before going live, especially in large systems with integrated modules.
C) It helps detect whether bugs are in the vendor's product or in the organization's custom-developed product.
D) It has a customized code which is supported by all vendors.

Accepted Answer

Customization helps an organization add a competitive advantage to processes that are not easy to alter. Customization allows an organization to tailor the solution to its specific needs and requirements, leading to increased efficiency, productivity, and profitability. Additionally, it helps an organization differentiate itself from its competitors and can lead to increased customer satisfaction.

Question 12

________ is a type of agile method which offers a framework for software development that relies on tightly knit, cohesive teams that do sprints of two to four weeks each.
A) Scrum
B) Extreme programming
C) Spiral model
D) V-modelling

Accepted Answer

Scrum is a type of agile method that emphasizes on teamwork, collaboration, and iterative progress towards a well-defined goal. It involves creating a flexible and self-organizing cross-functional team that works together in sprints of two to four weeks to plan, design, develop, test, and deliver a working software increment. Scrum also provides various tools and ceremonies to increase transparency and communication within the team and to enable continuous improvement.

Question 13

Which of the following is a disadvantage of custom system development?
A) It does not match the organization's requirements.
B) It does not contribute to the company's competitive advantage.
C) It does not require employees to change processes.
D) It requires a long time to go live.

Accepted Answer

Custom system development requires a long time to go live, which can result in delays and increased costs. However, options A, B, and C are not disadvantages of custom system development but are rather factors that should be addressed during the development process to ensure that the system meets the organization's requirements, contributes to competitive advantage, and requires minimum changes in employees' processes.

Question 14

In the ________ method, tasks are not sequenced according to the SDLC and many activities occur simultaneously.
A) V-model
B) agile
C) iterated
D) waterfall

Accepted Answer

The agile method promotes flexibility and adaptability, allowing for tasks to be worked on simultaneously and for changes to be made throughout the development process. It is not a sequential approach like the SDLC or waterfall method.

Question 15

A ________ is sent out to a large number of potential vendors to serve as an initial market scan of the options.
A) request for proposal
B) request for information
C) request for quotation
D) request for tender

Accepted Answer

A Request for Information (RFI) is typically sent out to a large number of potential vendors to gather information about their capabilities, products, or services. It is an initial market scan to identify potential options and does not require vendors to provide pricing or submit a proposal. A Request for Proposal (RFP), on the other hand, is a formal document that solicits proposals from vendors to provide a solution to a problem or need, and includes detailed specifications, evaluation criteria, and pricing information. A Request for Quotation (RFQ) is similar to an RFP, but is typically used when the product or service being procured is standard and pricing is the primary consideration. A Request for Tender (RFT) is similar to an RFP, but is typically used in government procurement to solicit bids for large-scale contracts or projects.

Question 16

A distinguishing feature of ________ programming is that developers work in pairs, reviewing one another's work, providing each other with feedback and testing the code as it is written.
A) extreme
B) meta
C) incremental
D) scrum

Accepted Answer

Pair programming is a key practice in Extreme Programming (XP), where two developers work together on the same computer and collaborate on the design, coding, and testing of the software. They switch roles frequently and constantly review each other's code to improve code quality, productivity, and knowledge sharing.

Question 17

A(n) ________ refers to an approach in which organizations strongly prefer systems that are offered by a single vendor, especially the one that supplies the ERP.
A) unified procurement
B) best of breed procurement
C) ad-hoc procurement
D) green public procurement

Accepted Answer

The approach described in the question is known as unified procurement, which involves an organization preferring to acquire systems and solutions from a single vendor, especially if they provide an ERP system. This approach is often favored by organizations seeking to consolidate their technology stack, streamline procurement and vendor management, and reduce cost and complexity.

Question 18

A ________ describes the new system in broad, high-level terms, and interested vendors send responses describing their products and services.
A) request for proposal
B) request for information
C) request for quotation
D) request for tender

Accepted Answer

This scenario describes a Request for Information (RFI), which is used to gather information about potential solutions, vendors, and industry trends before a formal request for proposal (RFP) is issued. The RFP includes more specific requirements and invites vendors to submit detailed proposals. A request for quotation (RFQ) is used when the required products or services are well-defined and the main consideration is the price. A request for tender (RFT) is similar to an RFP, but is typically used in government and public sector organizations.

Question 19

An agile method that focuses on frequent releases of workable software and time boxes for development is known as ________.
A) scrum programming
B) extreme programming
C) prototype model
D) incremental model

Accepted Answer

The agile method that focuses on frequent releases and time boxes for development is known as extreme programming (XP). Scrum programming is another popular agile method, but it focuses more on the management and organization of the team rather than the development process itself. The prototype and incremental models are traditional development models that do not necessarily emphasize frequent releases or time boxing.

Question 20

________ refers to the creation of a software prototype by developers that they can share with users and get their feedback to make improvements before a lot of effort is spent building a fully functioning version.
A) Incremental development
B) Social engineering
C) Iterative development
D) Rapid application development

Accepted Answer

Rapid application development (RAD) is a software development strategy that involves quickly creating a prototype or mock-up of the software to get feedback from users before investing significant time and resources into building a fully functional version. The goal is to speed up the development process and get early feedback to make necessary improvements. RAD is often used in agile development methodologies. Incremental development (A) and iterative development (C) do involve creating and testing prototypes, but they are broader software development strategies that do not focus solely on the creation of prototypes for early feedback. Social engineering (B) is unrelated to software development strategies.

Quiz 11: Systems Development and Procurement

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a prepackaged software?

The ________ compress the time horizon for software development and focuses on the time available until the next release while the development team determines how many of the requirements it can deliver in that time frame.

Which of the following is an advantage of a prepakaged software?

The ________ procures the best systems for each application regardless of the vendor.

An organization is using a unified procurement approach if it ________.

Which of the following is an advantage of custom system development?

Which of the following reasons explains why waterfall methods are still widely in use?

A ________ is an invitation to software companies to submit a formal proposal, including a detailed description of their products, services, and costs.

An organization is using the best of breed approach if it ________.

Which of the following best defines agile methods?

Which of the following is an advantage of customization?

________ is a type of agile method which offers a framework for software development that relies on tightly knit, cohesive teams that do sprints of two to four weeks each.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of custom system development?

In the ________ method, tasks are not sequenced according to the SDLC and many activities occur simultaneously.

A ________ is sent out to a large number of potential vendors to serve as an initial market scan of the options.

A distinguishing feature of ________ programming is that developers work in pairs, reviewing one another's work, providing each other with feedback and testing the code as it is written.

A(n) ________ refers to an approach in which organizations strongly prefer systems that are offered by a single vendor, especially the one that supplies the ERP.

A ________ describes the new system in broad, high-level terms, and interested vendors send responses describing their products and services.

An agile method that focuses on frequent releases of workable software and time boxes for development is known as ________.

________ refers to the creation of a software prototype by developers that they can share with users and get their feedback to make improvements before a lot of effort is spent building a fully functioning version.