Question 1

________ refers to analyzing historical and seasonal trends and then taking into account existing and predicted business conditions to estimate some variable of interest.

Accepted Answer

Forecasting refers to analyzing data to predict future trends and conditions, based on historical and seasonal patterns as well as changes in business conditions. Optimization involves finding the best solution to a problem, what-if analysis explores the outcome of different scenarios, and goal seeking analysis identifies the inputs necessary to achieve a desired output.

Question 2

________ is a test created by software developers to thwart software bots where the visitor must pass before continuing to register or enter the site.

Accepted Answer

CAPTCHA is a test created to differentiate between human users and software bots. It usually involves some kind of visual or audio challenge that requires human intelligence to solve. The other options, HTML, OLAP, and SMTP, do not relate to this type of test.

Question 3

Which of the following holds true of neural nets?

Accepted Answer

Neural nets borrow the approach of the brain by using digital signals to mimic the way neurons in the brain communicate. Option A is incorrect as neural signals are not used in neural nets. Option B is incorrect as neural nets do not mimic service robots. Option D is incorrect as the aim of neural nets is not to imitate domestic robots for higher productivity.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of goal seeking analysis?

Accepted Answer

Goal seeking analysis involves setting a target value for a particular metric and determining which variable must be changed to reach that goal. This process is used in optimization and decision making.

Question 5

Which of the following characteristics would make service robots suitable for use in rescue operations?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following characteristics would make...

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of expert systems?

Accepted Answer

Expert systems are designed to mimic the reasoning of a human expert in a particular domain. OLAP is not foundational to expert systems. Expert systems may be trained on data, but the training is done by programmers and experts in the domain, not selected by humans. Expert systems are not typically used for detecting patterns in massive datasets, as that is the domain of machine learning and data mining.

Question 7

________ is an extension of goal seeking analysis in which the user can change many variables to reach some maximum or minimum target, as long as the changes stay within the constraints the user identifies.

Accepted Answer

The description provided in the question is referring to optimization analysis, which involves maximizing or minimizing a target while staying within given constraints. What-if analysis involves changing one variable at a time to see how it affects the outcome, while predictive analysis involves using historical data to make future predictions. Forecasting involves using past data and trends to make future predictions about a specific variable. Therefore, the best choice for this question is D) Optimization.

Question 8

________ is a decision support tool, often based on an Excel model, in which the user sets a target value for a particular variable, such as profit/ loss, and tells the program which variable to change to try to reach the goal.

Accepted Answer

Goal seeking analysis is a decision support tool that helps in achieving a particular target value by changing the input variables of a model. The user sets a target value for a specific variable, and the program determines the input variables' values needed to reach that goal. This is often done using an Excel model or spreadsheet, and it is commonly used in finance and accounting to calculate the required inputs or actions to achieve a specific outcome, such as reaching a certain profit/loss target. Data harvesting, market basket analysis, or data aggregation are not similar to goal-seeking analysis and do not fit the given definition.

Question 9

Which of the following is a drawback of the growing power of artificial intelligence?

Accepted Answer

One of the drawbacks of the growing power of artificial intelligence is its potential use by scammers to gain access to sites and gather sensitive information. This poses a serious threat to privacy and security. A, B, and D are not accurate drawbacks of artificial intelligence.

Question 10

The term ________ refers to every single click by every visitor, along with associated data revealing customer behavior patterns, such as time spent on the page, the URL the visitor just left, and the visitor's IP address.

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data refers to every single click by every visitor, along with associated data revealing customer behavior patterns, such as time spent on the page, the URL the visitor just left, and the visitor's IP address.

Question 11

The term "artificial intelligence" describes ________.

Accepted Answer

Artificial intelligence refers to the ability of machines to mimic human intelligence and perform tasks that traditionally required human intelligence, such as learning, problem-solving, decision-making, and language understanding.

Question 12

Escapade Holidays is a travel house in New Jersey which recently created a website to attract travel clientele for the company. It is vital that the company is able to track time spent on each page by visitors, which will help them understand destinations and offers the customers are interested in. Which of the following will best help them understand customer behavior patterns as well as the URL the visitor just left?

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data tracks the sequence of clicks a visitor makes while browsing a website, including the page they landed on, the pages they visited, and the page they left from. This data helps businesses understand visitor behavior patterns and the areas of their website that attract the most attention. Real-time data can also be useful but does not necessarily provide information on the URL the visitor just left. Keystroke logging and mangled packets are not appropriate for tracking customer behavior on a website as they violate privacy and security laws.

Question 13

In web metrics, which of the following best describes depth of visit?

Accepted Answer

Depth of visit refers to the number of pages viewed per visit. It is a measure of visitor engagement with a website and can provide insights into the effectiveness of content and navigation.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of clickstream data?

Accepted Answer

Clickstream data refers to the record of every click made by every visitor on a website. It provides information on the visitor's behavior on the site, including the pages visited, the duration spent on each page, and the order in which they were visited. Option A is incorrect because clickstream data only includes clicks made by visitors who have accessed the site. Option C is incorrect because clickstream data does not provide information on search engine results. Option D is incorrect because clickstream data does not refer to the transfer of data between websites, but rather the behavior of visitors on a single website.

Question 15

Which of the following is a feature of optimization?

Accepted Answer

Optimization allows a user to change many variables to reach the maximum or minimum target. This involves adjusting and refining multiple factors to achieve the desired outcome.

Question 16

Which of the following is a characteristic of neural nets?

Accepted Answer

Neural nets are designed to mimic the structure and function of the human brain, allowing them to learn and adapt to new situations.

Question 17

Johanna wishes to enrol for Freemail!'s email service. Which of the following would best help Freemail! establish that Johanna is not a software bot?

Accepted Answer

Providing a sequence of letters and numbers from an image is a common way to establish that a user is a human and not a software bot. This process, known as CAPTCHA, can help prevent automated account creation and spamming. Providing contact details or alternative email addresses does not necessarily prove that the user is not a bot, and uploading a photo or identification marks may be unnecessary and invasive.

Question 18

The analysts at Brittos, a brand of ice-cream, recently were asked to assess revenue generated over the past five years to observe seasonal and historical trends. After extensive analysis, they arrive at the conclusion that the sales were highest during the months of July and August, the summer months in the country, and an all-time low during January, the peak of winter. Which of the following tools would have best helped them arrive at the above conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Forecasting would have been the best tool to help arrive at the conclusion as it involves analyzing historical data to predict future trends. By using forecasting techniques such as time series analysis, the analysts could have identified the seasonal patterns of ice-cream sales and predicted future sales based on this data. Goal seeking analysis, market basket analysis, and what-if analysis do not necessarily involve historical data and would not have helped to identify the seasonal trends observed by the analysts.

Question 19

Which of the following is a function of forecasting?

Accepted Answer

Forecasting involves analyzing data and trends to predict future outcomes. Analyzing seasonal trends is a common method used in forecasting, and statistical decision support tools are often used to help with this analysis. Options A, B, and C describe different functions that may be performed in the context of data analysis or modeling, but they do not specifically relate to forecasting.

Question 20

Which of the following is an accurate definition of CAPTCHA?

Accepted Answer

CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart) is a test that a visitor must pass before registering into a site, in order to ensure that the user is a real human and not a computer program attempting to perform a malicious activity. The other options are not accurate definitions of CAPTCHA.

Quiz 7: Business Intelligence and Decision Support