Question 1

A statistic is a characteristic of a sample such as the sample mean or sample standard deviation.

Accepted Answer

A statistic is a numerical measurement that describes some aspect of a sample. It is different from a parameter, which is a numerical measurement that describes some aspect of a population. Examples of statistics include the sample mean, sample standard deviation, and sample proportion.

Question 2

Which of the following statements describe secondary external data?

Accepted Answer

Secondary external data refers to data that has been collected by external organizations or agencies for purposes outside the researcher's own project. Option D describes the recent graduate accessing public death rate statistics, which were collected by an external agency, and using them to inform her business decisions. The other options describe data that is either collected by the company/researcher themselves (options A, B, E) or by a commissioned survey organization (option C), which is not truly external data.

Question 3

Business research studies can be categorized according to the objective involved and may be exploratory,descriptive,causal,or predictive.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Business research studies can indeed be categorized into exploratory, descriptive, causal, or predictive studies based on their objective.

Question 4

In the simple random sample,each person or element has the same chance of being included in the sample.

Accepted Answer

In a simple random sample, each individual or element in the population has an equal chance of being selected into the sample. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 5

In cluster analysis,the individuals or objects are categorized into different groups where the members of each group tend to be different.

Accepted Answer

In cluster analysis, individuals or objects are categorized into groups where the members of each group tend to be similar to each other and different from the members of other groups.

Question 6

When a person receives a mail questionnaire and places it in the wastebasket,they are contributing to:

Accepted Answer

Nonresponse error occurs when a person chooses not to respond to a survey or questionnaire. In this case, the person who threw the mail questionnaire in the wastebasket did not respond, leading to nonresponse error.

Question 7

The convenience sample is an example of probability sampling where every person or element in the population may not have an equal chance for inclusion in the sample.

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling is a type of non-probability sampling where the sample is chosen based on the convenience and availability of the participants. It does not provide every person or element in the population with an equal chance for inclusion in the sample, therefore it is not an example of probability sampling.

Question 8

The difference between a sample mean and the corresponding population mean is called a:

Accepted Answer

The difference between a sample mean and the corresponding population mean is called a sampling error. Nonresponse error occurs when individuals in the sample do not respond to the survey, systematic error occurs when there is a consistent difference between the sample and the population, response error occurs when survey respondents do not answer truthfully or accurately, and bias refers to any factor that influences the results in a certain direction.

Question 9

Sampling error is a random,nondirectional error that is inevitable whenever a sample is taken instead of a census.

Accepted Answer

Sampling error is a statistical error that occurs in a research study and refers to the difference between a sample statistic and the true population parameter. It is a random error that can happen in any research study, and it is inevitable when a sample is taken instead of a census.

Question 10

In practice,most studies involve relatively large populations for which taking a sample can provide satisfactory results much more quickly and at considerably lower cost than a census.

Accepted Answer

Taking a sample from a large population is a common practice in research as it provides satisfactory results quickly and at a lower cost compared to conducting a census that involves the entire population.

Question 11

A census can be viewed as a "sample" that includes the entire population.

Accepted Answer

A census is a complete enumeration of a population. It includes information on every individual in the population, therefore it is not a sample, but rather includes the entire population.

Question 12

Nonsampling errors can be reduced by increasing the size of a sample.

Accepted Answer

Nonsampling errors are errors that occur in data collection, data processing, or data analysis that are not related to the sample size. Increasing the sample size may reduce sampling errors but it will not necessarily reduce nonsampling errors. Nonsampling errors can be reduced by improving the quality of data collection methods, data cleaning processes, data validation, and data analysis techniques.

Question 13

Which of the following statements describe secondary internal data?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements describe secondary...

Question 14

When a respondent indicates that he is 25 years old when he is actually 35 years old,he is contributing to:

Accepted Answer

This is an example of response error, which occurs when a respondent provides incorrect or inaccurate information in response to a survey question.

Question 15

The quota sample is an example of nonprobability sampling that is similar to the stratified probability sample,except that members of the various strata are not chosen through the use of a probability sampling technique.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true.

Question 16

Which of the following questionnaire designs requires the respondent to pick from only two choices?

Accepted Answer

Dichotomous questions present two alternatives for the respondent to choose from, such as yes or no, true or false, or agree or disagree. This type of question is useful when there is a clear binary choice or when the researcher wishes to simplify the response options for ease of analysis. Multiple choice questions offer more than two options, open-ended questions allow for any response, and demographic questions relate to personal characteristics.

Question 17

Which of the following is not an example of primary data?

Accepted Answer

Financial data tapes that contain data compiled from the New York Stock Exchange are not primary data because they are not collected directly from the source.

Question 18

Secondary data tends to require more time and expense,but have the advantage of being more applicable to the research problem or situation.

Accepted Answer

Secondary data is typically less expensive and time-consuming to obtain than primary data, but it may not be as closely tailored to the specific research problem or situation.

Question 19

In practice,a sample can be more accurate than a census.

Accepted Answer

A well-designed sample can provide accurate results that are representative of the entire population. Conducting a census may not always be feasible due to time and cost constraints, and a sample can provide similar levels of accuracy at a lower cost and in a shorter amount of time. However, the accuracy of the sample depends on various factors such as the size and selection methodology of the sample, the representativeness of the sample population, and the level of sampling error.

Question 20

Bias is a type of error that can occur because a sample has been taken rather than a census.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bias is a type of error that...

Quiz 4: Data Collection and Sampling Methods