The Adolescent Is 6-Hours Postappendectomy and Refuses Pain Medications

The adolescent is 6-hours postappendectomy and refuses pain medications. The nurse would like to walk the child in the hall but is concerned that the child has unrelieved pain. The nurse knows that unrelieved pain causes physiologic consequences such as (Select all that apply.)

A) Atelectasis
B) Pneumonia
C) Ileus
D) Lethargy
E) Hypoactive bowel sounds