Question 1

A family is scheduled for a genetic consultation. What should the nurse explain to the family about this appointment? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The genetic consultation may involve taking photographs for records, conducting an interview to gather family history, an examination by a geneticist, and it can last several hours for thorough assessment. A diagnosis may not necessarily be made during the appointment.

Question 2

The staff development trainer is preparing content on the psychologic implications of genetic testing for a group of neonatal intensive care nurses. What should the trainer include in this instruction? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The psychologic implications of genetic testing for neonatal intensive care nurses can include survivor guilt in other nonaffected children, feelings of unworthiness and altered self-image, carrier status interfering with relationships, and stress of uncertainty while waiting for test results. Formation of higher expectations for the child may not necessarily be a common psychological implication.

Question 3

The nurse notes that a patient is admitted for treatment of a disease caused by a single-nucleotide genetic disorder. For which health problem should the nurse plan care for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Sickle cell anemia is a disease caused by a single-nucleotide genetic disorder, specifically a point mutation in the beta-globin gene. Cancer and heart disease can have multiple causes and are not typically caused by single-nucleotide genetic disorders. Huntington disease is a genetic disorder caused by a repeating CAG trinucleotide in the huntingtin gene, not a single-nucleotide genetic disorder.

Question 4

A patient asks why a genetic pedigree is being prepared. What responses would be appropriate? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A genetic pedigree is a visual representation of family members and their relationships, which can help illustrate patterns of inheritance for a particular genetic condition. This information can be helpful in providing guidance for reproductive risk teaching, as well as identifying family members who would benefit from genetic counseling. While a genetic pedigree may indirectly help identify appropriate diagnostic tests, it is not typically used to reduce the cost of genetic testing.

Question 5

The nurse suspects that a pregnant patient will be scheduled for chorionic villi sampling (CVS). What assessment data did the nurse use to make this clinical determination? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

CVS is typically performed between 10 and 13 weeks' gestation and is recommended for women who are at an increased risk of having a fetus with a chromosomal or genetic abnormality, including advanced maternal age (over 35 years) and those with a family history of genetic disorders or X-linked disorders. Carrying twins and a history of smoking are not necessarily indications for a CVS.

Question 6

A pregnant patient is scheduled for fetal genetic testing to determine the presence of multifactorial disorders. Which health problems can occur in the fetus from this type of genetic anomaly? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A pregnant patient is scheduled for fetal...

Question 7

A patient learns that Huntington disease has occurred in some family members. Which type of genetic anomaly should the nurse explain as causing this disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient learns that Huntington disease has...

Question 8

Healthcare providers strongly suggest that a patient undergo genetic testing before becoming pregnant. What should the nurse do to ensure this patient's informed consent and confidentiality? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should explain potential societal impact, discuss risks and benefits of the test, explain that all genetic testing is voluntary, and review potential physical or psychologic harm to ensure informed consent. As for confidentiality, the nurse should review the patient's privacy rights and ensure that the results are only shared with designated individuals as per the patient's request. Therefore, option E is not a correct choice.

Question 9

After genetic testing, a patient is suspected of having mitochondrial gene alteration. When reviewing the test result with the patient, which body systems are noted as being affected by this alteration? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrial gene alterations can affect various body systems, including the brain, heart, and muscles (musculoskeletal system). The renal and genitourinary systems are not typically affected by mitochondrial gene alterations.

Question 10

Two family members are diagnosed with the same genetic disorder but have distinctly different manifestations. What should the nurse consider as being the reason for this occurrence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two family members are diagnosed with the...

Question 11

The nurse determines that a newborn has a minor genetic anomaly. What did the nurse most likely assess in this infant? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse determines that a newborn has...

Question 12

Through genetic testing a patient is found to have a germline mutation of a specific gene. What information about this finding should be reviewed with the patient?

Accepted Answer

A germline mutation is present in the patient's reproductive cells and can be passed down to their offspring. Therefore, all future children could potentially have the mutation. It is important to review this information with the patient so that they can make informed decisions about family planning and consider genetic testing for their children.

Question 13

The nurse is reviewing a list of families scheduled for clinic visits. Which family would benefit from genetic counseling?

Accepted Answer

Families with a child with a genetic disorder, such as cystic fibrosis, may benefit from genetic counseling in order to understand the inheritance pattern, assess the risk of future children having the disorder, and to explore available options for genetic testing and family planning.

Question 14

The nurse learns that a patient from a different country and culture was married to her first cousin before moving to the United States. The couple is expecting their first child in 4 months. What should the nurse consider when counseling this patient?

Accepted Answer

The patient's marriage to her first cousin puts her at a higher risk for carrying genetic diseases. Carrier testing should be offered to the patient and her partner to identify any potential risks to the unborn child. The other options are not relevant in this situation as they do not address the patient's specific needs and circumstances.

Question 15

From genetic testing a patient learns of having a Y-linked genetic disorder. Which health problem would be explained by this finding?

Accepted Answer

Y-linked genetic disorders affect genes located on the Y chromosome, which only males have. Therefore, the only health problem that can be explained by this finding is infertility in males. Hemophilia A and beta-thalassemia are inherited in an autosomal (non-sex-linked) dominant or recessive manner and Tay-Sachs disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning both males and females can be affected.

Question 16

A genetic screening test completed on a newborn is found to be positive. What should the nurse anticipate the next action will be for this infant?

Accepted Answer

A positive genetic screening test on a newborn will typically result in scheduling for diagnostic testing to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate course of action.

Question 17

The nurse is reviewing the process of mitosis with a group of young adults attending a family planning seminar. What should the nurse include when explaining the role of mitosis? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Mitosis is responsible for replacing lost skin cells, ensuring rapid cell growth in early life, maintaining cells for respiratory functioning, and ensuring continuity of cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The formation of sperm and ova occurs through meiosis, not mitosis.

Question 18

A patient scheduled for genetic testing is concerned that an employer will learn about the testing and terminate the patient's employment. How should the nurse respond to this patient?

Accepted Answer

The Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) is a federal law that prohibits employers from using genetic information in employment decisions, including hiring, firing, and promotions. The nurse should reassure the patient that the employer cannot use genetic testing results to terminate their employment.

Question 19

Through genetic testing a homosexual male learns of having two copies of a gene deleted in gene CCR5. What should the nurse prepare to discuss with this patient? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Through genetic testing a homosexual male learns...

Quiz 3: Genetic and Genomic Influences in Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health