Question 1

How do non-Western cultures view the belief that infants should sleep in a crib in a room of their own?

Accepted Answer

Non-Western cultures often value close physical contact and proximity between parent and child, including during sleep. Therefore, the idea of confining an infant to a separate room in a crib may be viewed as neglectful and emotionally harmful.

Question 2

The text describes orphanages in Romania in which all of the infants had been seriously deprived.What was found regarding cognitive development for the children who were adopted when they were older than six months of age?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that children who were adopted from Romanian orphanages after the age of six months had a higher rate of cognitive impairment compared to those adopted at a younger age.

Question 3

What is a risk factor for SIDS?

Accepted Answer

Sleeping stomach-down has been identified as a risk factor for SIDS. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants be placed on their back to sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS.

Question 4

When you are visiting friends who just had a newborn,you notice that the baby is lying face-down in her crib.What do you tell your friends?

Accepted Answer

The correct choice is C because it is important to inform parents that placing an infant on their stomach to sleep increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). It is recommended that infants should be placed on their backs to sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS. Choices A and B are incorrect because they do not provide accurate information. Choice D is not only untrue but also insensitive to say to new parents.

Question 5

Infants need more ____ in their diets than at any later point in life,for the growth of their bodies and especially their brains.

Accepted Answer

Infants require more fat in their diets compared to any other time in life to support rapid growth and brain development. Fat is crucial for energy and the absorption of certain vitamins, and it plays a key role in the development of the brain and nervous system in infants.

Question 6

What is a risk factor for SIDS?

Accepted Answer

Maternal smoking during pregnancy has been identified as a significant risk factor for SIDS.

Question 7

You and your pediatrician get into an argument regarding where the infant should sleep.You strongly believe that she should sleep with you,while your pediatrician insists that it can be dangerous for her not to sleep in her own crib.What would be your argument?

Accepted Answer

Co-sleeping or bed-sharing is a topic of debate among parents and healthcare professionals. While some argue it fosters bonding and makes breastfeeding easier, others, including many pediatricians, caution against it due to the increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) and other accidents. However, the statement that there is no medical reason an infant cannot sleep with you is not entirely accurate, as the primary concern is safety, not the absence of medical reasons. Nonetheless, the belief that it's merely a cultural opinion is a common argument among proponents of co-sleeping.

Question 8

What term describes the situation in which the infant sleeps with the parents?

Accepted Answer

Cosleeping is the term used to describe the situation in which the infant sleeps with the parents. A is incorrect as "parental sleeping" is not a commonly used term. C is incorrect as "communal sleeping" refers to a larger group of people sharing a sleeping area. D is incorrect as "familial sleeping" is not a commonly used term.

Question 9

SIDS is almost unknown in cultures where ____.

Accepted Answer

SIDS is almost unknown in cultures where cosleeping is the norm, as it is believed to promote breathing regulation and parental responsiveness.

Question 10

The text describes orphanages in Romania in which all of the infants had been seriously deprived.The children were later adopted and recovered dramatically in physical development.It was found that the recovery in cognitive development ____.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the recovery in cognitive development was dependent on the age in which the children were adopted. Children who were adopted at an earlier age showed greater recovery in cognitive development than those adopted at a later age.

Question 11

What is the leading cause of death for infants between birth and one year of age in developed countries?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) is the leading cause of death for infants between birth and one year of age in developed countries. Accidents and genetic disorders are also significant causes of infant mortality, but SIDS is the most common. AIDS is not a major cause of infant mortality in developed countries due to effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Question 12

Which the following are known factors related to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Soft bedding, sleeping stomach down, and low birth weight are all known risk factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. The other options do not correspond with known risk factors for SIDS.

Question 13

Lipsitt (2003)extensively examined SIDS and found that infants were most vulnerable to succumb to SIDS between 2 and 4 months.Why?

Accepted Answer

The period between 2 and 4 months represents a critical transition in infant development from reflexive to more intentional behaviors. This developmental shift may affect the infant's ability to respond to environmental challenges, including those that could contribute to SIDS.

Question 14

____ describes when an infant who does not have any apparent illness or disease simply falls asleep and never wakes up.

Accepted Answer

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the sudden, unexpected death of an infant who is younger than one year old and does not have any apparent illness or disease. It is sometimes called “crib death” because the infant usually dies during sleep, in his or her crib.

Question 15

Which of the following is a known factor that increases the probability of SIDS?

Accepted Answer

Sleeping stomach-down instead of flat on the back is a known risk factor for SIDS.

Question 16

During the "BACK to Sleep" campaign,stomach sleeping went from 70% to 20%.What happened to the rate of SIDS deaths?

Accepted Answer

The "Back to Sleep" campaign, which recommended that infants be placed on their backs to sleep rather than on their stomachs, led to a significant reduction in the rate of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) deaths. The decline was approximately 50%, demonstrating the effectiveness of this public health campaign in reducing the risk of SIDS.

Question 17

Neonates,on average,sleep ____ hours a day,and of that time,____ is spent in REM.

Accepted Answer

Neonates, or newborns, typically sleep about 16-17 hours a day, and approximately 50% of that time is spent in REM sleep.

Question 18

At 4-5 months old,infants still have a(n)____ that causes them to spit out any solid item that enters their mouths.

Accepted Answer

At 4-5 months old, infants still have a gag reflex that causes them to spit out any solid item that enters their mouths. This reflex slowly disappears as they grow older and begin to eat solid foods. A, C, and D are not relevant to the issue of gag reflex and solid food introduction.

Question 19

In addition to breast milk or formula,most infants begin to eat solid foods during their ____.

Accepted Answer

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics, infants should start solid foods at around 6 months of age, which falls within their first year.

Question 20

At 6 months of age,American infants sleep about 14 hours a day,whereas infants who are the same age in Kenya sleep about 12 hours a day,and infants in the Netherlands sleep about 16 hours a day.This variation is best described by ____.

Accepted Answer

The variation in the amount of sleep between American, Kenyan, and Dutch infants is most likely due to cultural practices, rather than reflexive responses, innate preprogramming, or biological influences. Different cultures may have different expectations and practices regarding infant sleep patterns.

Quiz 4: Infancy

How do non-Western cultures view the belief that infants should sleep in a crib in a room of their own?

The text describes orphanages in Romania in which all of the infants had been seriously deprived.What was found regarding cognitive development for the children who were adopted when they were older than six months of age?

What is a risk factor for SIDS?

When you are visiting friends who just had a newborn,you notice that the baby is lying face-down in her crib.What do you tell your friends?

Infants need more ____ in their diets than at any later point in life,for the growth of their bodies and especially their brains.

What is a risk factor for SIDS?

You and your pediatrician get into an argument regarding where the infant should sleep.You strongly believe that she should sleep with you,while your pediatrician insists that it can be dangerous for her not to sleep in her own crib.What would be your argument?

What term describes the situation in which the infant sleeps with the parents?

SIDS is almost unknown in cultures where ____.

The text describes orphanages in Romania in which all of the infants had been seriously deprived.The children were later adopted and recovered dramatically in physical development.It was found that the recovery in cognitive development ____.

What is the leading cause of death for infants between birth and one year of age in developed countries?

Which the following are known factors related to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome?

Lipsitt (2003) extensively examined SIDS and found that infants were most vulnerable to succumb to SIDS between 2 and 4 months.Why?

____ describes when an infant who does not have any apparent illness or disease simply falls asleep and never wakes up.

Which of the following is a known factor that increases the probability of SIDS?

During the "BACK to Sleep" campaign,stomach sleeping went from 70% to 20%.What happened to the rate of SIDS deaths?

Neonates,on average,sleep hours a day,and of that time, is spent in REM.

At 4-5 months old,infants still have a(n) ____ that causes them to spit out any solid item that enters their mouths.

In addition to breast milk or formula,most infants begin to eat solid foods during their ____.

At 6 months of age,American infants sleep about 14 hours a day,whereas infants who are the same age in Kenya sleep about 12 hours a day,and infants in the Netherlands sleep about 16 hours a day.This variation is best described by ____.