Question 1

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and school type (i.e., elementary, middle, high school) on a scale of student attitudes toward learning?
A) Simple ANOVA
B) One-way ANOVA
C) 2 × 3 ANOVA
D) 3 × 3 ANOVA

Accepted Answer

A 2 × 3 ANOVA would examine the effects of both gender (2 levels: male, female) and school type (3 levels: elementary, middle, high school) on the scale of student attitudes toward learning. A simple ANOVA would only examine one independent variable, while a one-way ANOVA would only examine the effects of one factor with multiple levels, such as school type. A 3 × 3 ANOVA would be examining three independent variables, which may not be necessary for the research question at hand.

Question 2

What type of ANOVA would examine effects of political party (e.g., Democrat, Republican, or Independent) affiliation and gender on attitudes toward the death penalty?
A) One-way ANOVA
B) 2 × 2 ANOVA
C) 3 × 2 ANOVA
D) Simple ANOVA

Accepted Answer

A 3 × 2 ANOVA would be appropriate for examining the effects of political party affiliation (three levels: Democrat, Republican, Independent) and gender (two levels: male, female) on attitudes toward the death penalty. This type of ANOVA allows for testing the main effects of political party affiliation and gender, as well as the interaction effect between the two variables.

Question 3

What is an analysis that examines one dependent variable or outcome known as?
A) Multivariate ANOVA
B) Simple ANOVA
C) One-way ANOVA
D) Univariate ANOVA

Accepted Answer

The term "univariate" specifically refers to the analysis of one dependent variable or outcome. The other options involve the analysis of multiple variables or outcomes.

Question 4

When analysis of data reveals a difference between levels of a factor, this is called the:
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect

Accepted Answer

When there is a difference between levels of a factor, this is called the main effect. The main effect refers to the effect of a single independent variable on the dependent variable, irrespective of the other independent variables. A main effect can be thought of as the overall impact of a factor on the outcome variable. The other options are not correct definitions of this concept.

Question 5

When applying an ANOVA where more than one factor or independent variable is tested, the researcher can determine the individual effects of each factor as well as?
A) The source of the effects to both factors
B) The negative effect of both factors
C) The simultaneous effects of both factors
D) The positive effect of both factors

Accepted Answer

When applying ANOVA with multiple factors, the researcher can determine the individual effects of each factor as well as the simultaneous effects of both factors.

Question 6

What type of design includes an ANOVA where one factor is repeated and the other is not?
A) Repeated design
B) Between-group design
C) Mixed design
D) One-way ANOVA

Accepted Answer

This type of design is called a mixed design, where one factor (usually the independent variable) is manipulated between participants, while the other factor (usually the repeated measure) is measured within participants. A mixed ANOVA is used to analyze this type of design.

Question 7

What is an analysis that examines more than one dependent variable or outcome known as?
A) Multivariate ANOVA
B) Complicated ANOVA
C) Two-way ANOVA
D) Univariate ANOVA

Accepted Answer

Multivariate ANOVA is a statistical analysis that examines more than one dependent variable or outcome. It is used to determine the relationship between the independent variable(s) and multiple dependent variables simultaneously.

Question 8

If your analysis notes that participants in a weight loss program differ in amount of weight lost based on the type of weight program used, what type of effect is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect

Accepted Answer

A main effect refers to the direct impact of an independent variable on a dependent variable. In this context, the type of weight loss program (independent variable) directly influences the amount of weight lost (dependent variable), which is described as a main effect.

Question 9

Results from an ANOVA are placed in what type of table?
A) ANOVA table
B) Source table
C) Effects table
D) Output table

Accepted Answer

The answer of Results from an ANOVA are placed in...

Question 10

If your analysis notes that participants in a weight loss program differ in amount of weight lost based on their gender, what type of effect is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect

Accepted Answer

This is a main effect, as it is a simple comparison of the average weight lost by males versus females in the weight loss program.

Question 11

If you wanted to examine whether the attitude toward learning differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) and level of parent involvement, what is the dependent variable of interest?
A) Grade level
B) Students' attitudes
C) Parents' attitudes
D) Level of parent involvement

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable of interest is the students' attitudes towards learning. The independent variables are the grade level and the level of parent involvement. The attitudes of the students depend on these two independent variables.

Question 12

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and socioeconomic status (i.e., high and low) on a test of student achievement?
A) Simple ANOVA
B) One-way ANOVA
C) 2 × 2 ANOVA
D) 3 × 3 ANOVA

Accepted Answer

A 2 × 2 ANOVA examines the effects of two independent variables, in this case gender and socioeconomic status, on a dependent variable, student achievement. It allows for the examination of main effects of each independent variable as well as interaction effects between the two. The other options only allow for the examination of one independent variable.

Question 13

When you have more than one factor, what type of ANOVA should be used?
A) One-way ANOVA
B) Multivariate ANOVA
C) Simple ANOVA
D) Factorial ANOVA

Accepted Answer

Factorial ANOVA should be used when there is more than one factor. This allows for the examination of the main effects of each factor as well as any interactions between factors.

Question 14

How many null hypotheses are associated with a two-way ANOVA?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four

Accepted Answer

A two-way ANOVA has three null hypotheses: one for each of the two factors being tested and one for the interaction between the two factors.

Question 15

ANOVA with replication is also known as?
A) Repeated measures
B) Between-group design
C) Mixed design
D) One-way ANOVA

Accepted Answer

ANOVA with replication is also known as repeated measures because it involves measuring the same individuals or groups under different conditions or at different times.

Question 16

When analysis of data reveals differential effects of one factor across levels of another factor, what is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect

Accepted Answer

This is referred to as an interaction effect, where the effect of one factor depends on the level of another factor.

Question 17

When you are interested in finding out if students' achievement level changes over time as a result of a reading intervention, what type of ANOVA would you use?
A) Repeated measures
B) Between-group design
C) Mixed design
D) One-way ANOVA

Accepted Answer

A repeated measures ANOVA would be the best choice in this scenario because it allows for the comparison of the same group of students' achievement levels before and after the reading intervention, which is what we are interested in.

Question 18

What type of ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels?
A) One-way
B) Two-way
C) Three-way
D) Four-way

Accepted Answer

One-way ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels.

Question 19

If your analysis notes that males in a weight loss program differ from females in amount of weight lost based on the type of weight program used, what type of effect is this called?
A) Interaction effect
B) Factor effect
C) Level effect
D) Main effect

Accepted Answer

An interaction effect occurs when the effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable is different depending on the level of another independent variable. In this case, the effect of the type of weight program on weight loss differs between males and females, indicating an interaction effect.

Question 20

When you want to examine the impact of more than one independent variable on the outcome variable, what type of ANOVA should be used?
A) Multivariate ANOVA
B) Factorial ANOVA
C) One-way ANOVA
D) Simple ANOVA

Accepted Answer

Factorial ANOVA is used to examine the impact of multiple independent variables on the outcome variable. It allows the identification of the main effects of each independent variable and their interaction effects. Multivariate ANOVA is used when analyzing multiple dependent variables while controlling for the effects of multiple independent variables. One-way ANOVA is used to compare the means of three or more groups on a single independent variable. Simple ANOVA is not a commonly used term.

Quiz 14: Two Too Many Factors: Factorial Analysis of Variance

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and school type (i.e., elementary, middle, high school) on a scale of student attitudes toward learning?

What type of ANOVA would examine effects of political party (e.g., Democrat, Republican, or Independent) affiliation and gender on attitudes toward the death penalty?

What is an analysis that examines one dependent variable or outcome known as?

When analysis of data reveals a difference between levels of a factor, this is called the:

When applying an ANOVA where more than one factor or independent variable is tested, the researcher can determine the individual effects of each factor as well as?

What type of design includes an ANOVA where one factor is repeated and the other is not?

What is an analysis that examines more than one dependent variable or outcome known as?

If your analysis notes that participants in a weight loss program differ in amount of weight lost based on the type of weight program used, what type of effect is this called?

Results from an ANOVA are placed in what type of table?

If your analysis notes that participants in a weight loss program differ in amount of weight lost based on their gender, what type of effect is this called?

If you wanted to examine whether the attitude toward learning differs based on students' grade in school (i.e., 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) and level of parent involvement, what is the dependent variable of interest?

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and socioeconomic status (i.e., high and low) on a test of student achievement?

When you have more than one factor, what type of ANOVA should be used?

How many null hypotheses are associated with a two-way ANOVA?

ANOVA with replication is also known as?

When analysis of data reveals differential effects of one factor across levels of another factor, what is this called?

When you are interested in finding out if students' achievement level changes over time as a result of a reading intervention, what type of ANOVA would you use?

What type of ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels?

If your analysis notes that males in a weight loss program differ from females in amount of weight lost based on the type of weight program used, what type of effect is this called?

When you want to examine the impact of more than one independent variable on the outcome variable, what type of ANOVA should be used?