Question 1

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development and maintenance of the secondary sexual characteristics?
A) testosterone
B) estrogen
C) progesterone
D) both testosterone and estrogen.
E) all of these answers.

Accepted Answer

Both testosterone and estrogen are responsible for the development and maintenance of the secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone promotes the development of male characteristics, such as facial hair and deepening of the voice, while estrogen promotes the development of female characteristics, such as breast development and widening of the hips. Both hormones are present in both males and females, but in different ratios, leading to different secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the uterus for pregnancy, but it is not directly involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

Question 2

The gonads
A) consist of a pair of testes in males and ovaries in females.
B) produce gametes and secrete sex hormones.
C) refer to the externally visible genitalia in both sexes.
D) both (a) and (b) above.
E) all of these answers.

Accepted Answer

The gonads refer to the organs that produce gametes (sperm in males and eggs in females) and secrete sex hormones, and in humans, these are testes in males and ovaries in females. Therefore, option D, which states that the gonads consist of a pair of testes in males and ovaries in females and produce gametes and secrete sex hormones, is the best choice. Option A is only partially correct as it only mentions the organs present in each sex, but it does not cover the function of gonads. Option B is also partially correct as it describes the function of gonads but does not specify the organs present in each sex. Option C is incorrect as it refers to the external genitalia, which is not the same as gonads. Option E is incorrect as it includes an incorrect statement.

Question 3

Which statement is true?
A) diploid cells contain 23 chromosomes
B) sperm and egg are haploid cells
C) sperm and egg are produced by mitosis
D) each human cells has 22 pairs of sex chromosomes
E) genetic males have two of the same sex chromosomes

Accepted Answer

Sperm and egg cells are haploid cells, meaning they only contain half the number of chromosomes found in a diploid cell. In humans, sperm and egg cells each contain 23 chromosomes.

Answer: E 
 Genetic males have two sex chromosomes, one X and one Y. They are not the same, as females have two X chromosomes.

Question 4

Which cells make androgen binding protein?
A) sperm
B) spermatagonia
C) theca
D) granulosa
E) Sertoli

Accepted Answer

Androgen binding protein (ABP) is produced by Sertoli cells in the testes. ABP assists in the transport and concentration of testosterone in the seminiferous tubules, which is important for sperm development.

Question 5

Select the structure that serves as a common passageway for two tracts in the male.
A) anterior pituitary
B) ductus deferens
C) ejaculatory duct
D) ureter
E) urethra

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select the structure that serves as a...

Question 6

Which structure below secretes male sex hormone?
A) seminal vesicles.
B) prostate gland.
C) Sertoli cells.
D) bulbourethral glands.
E) interstitial cells.

Accepted Answer

Interstitial cells, also known as Leydig cells, are found in the testes and secrete male sex hormone, such as testosterone. The other structures listed are involved in the production or secretion of semen, but not specifically male sex hormone.

Question 7

Which of the following is a female accessory sex organ?
A) bulbourethral gland.
B) clitoris.
C) prostate gland.
D) seminal vesicle.
E) ovary.

Accepted Answer

The clitoris is a small, highly sensitive female sexual organ located at the front of the vulva, above the vaginal opening. It contains erectile tissue and is sometimes referred to as the "female penis." The other options listed are male accessory sex organs.

Question 8

Testosterone
A) is responsible for the male secondary sexual characteristics.
B) stimulates spermatogenesis.
C) acts in negative-feedback fashion on the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus.
D) secretion is stimulated by LH.
E) all of these answers.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is responsible for male secondary sexual characteristics such as deepening of the voice, body and facial hair growth, and muscle development. It also stimulates spermatogenesis. It acts in a negative-feedback fashion on the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus to regulate its own secretion. LH stimulates the secretion of testosterone from the testes. Therefore, all of the answers are correct.

Question 9

Which is not a function of the primary sex organs?
A) production of estrogen.
B) production of testosterone.
C) production of progesterone.
D) production of seminal fluids.
E) gametogenesis.

Accepted Answer

Seminal fluids are produced by accessory sex organs, not primary sex organs. Primary sex organs are responsible for gametogenesis (production of gametes) and hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone.

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct order in which the glands add seminal fluid to migrating sperm cells in the male reproductive tract.
A) bulbourethral glands, prostate, seminal vesicles
B) bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicles, prostate
C) prostate, bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicles
D) prostate, seminal vesicles, bulbourethral glands
E) seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the correct...

Question 11

In addition to the gonads, the reproductive system includes all of the following except:
A) reproductive tract
B) urinary bladder
C) accessory glands
D) external genitalia
E) it includes all of the above

Accepted Answer

The urinary bladder is not part of the reproductive system.

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning testosterone is incorrect? Testosterone
A) secretion is stimulated by LH.
B) is secreted by the seminiferous tubules.
C) stimulates spermatogenesis.
D) promotes closure of the epiphyseal plate.
E) stimulates protein synthesis and promotes bone growth.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is secreted by the Leydig cells in the testes, not the seminiferous tubules.

Question 13

The testes are located outside of the abdominal cavity in the scrotal sac to
A) permit spermatogenesis.
B) protect the gonads against injury.
C) permit testosterone secretion.
D) maintain the testes at a lower than normal body temperature for normal testicular function.
E) any two of the above

Accepted Answer

The scrotum is the sac that houses the testes. This position of the testes outside of the abdominal cavity has several functions:

A) Permit spermatogenesis: The testes need to be at a lower temperature than the rest of the body to produce viable sperm, and the scrotal sac allows for this.

B) Protect the gonads against injury: Placing the testes outside the abdominal cavity helps to protect them from direct trauma, as the scrotal sac acts as a cushioning barrier.

C) Permit testosterone secretion: The testes are responsible for producing testosterone hormone, and they need the proper conditions for doing that.

Therefore, the best answer is E (any two of the above).

Question 14

Testosterone
A) is secreted by the Leydig cells of the testes.
B) exerts a general protein anabolic effect.
C) causes enlargement of the larynx and thickening of the vocal cords.
D) both (a) and (b) above.
E) all of these answers.

Accepted Answer

Testosterone is secreted by the Leydig cells of the testes and exerts a general protein anabolic effect. It also causes enlargement of the larynx and thickening of the vocal cords. Therefore, all of the options are correct.

Question 15

In both sexes, the reproductive changes that take place during puberty include all of the following except:
A) maturation of gonads
B) development of secondary sex characteristics
C) fertility
D) growth of reproductive tract
E) development of muscle and loss of fat

Accepted Answer

The development of muscle and loss of fat is not a reproductive change that takes place during puberty. It is a change that occurs as a result of hormonal changes during adolescence, but it is not directly related to reproductive function.

Question 16

Phenotypic sex:
A) is based solely on genetic differences
B) is based on anatomical differences
C) is based on hormonal differences
D) is based on genetic, anatomical and hormonal differences
E) cannot be determined except for genetic analysis

Accepted Answer

Phenotypic sex is based on a combination of genetic, anatomical and hormonal differences. While genetic differences play a role in determining sex chromosomes, anatomical and hormonal differences also contribute to the development of male or female characteristics. Therefore, option D, which includes all three factors, is the best choice.

Question 17

Sperm cells are stored for maturation in the
A) anterior pituitary.
B) ductus deferens.
C) epididymis.
D) Leydig cells.
E) urethra.

Accepted Answer

Sperm cells are stored in the epididymis, where they also undergo maturation and gain mobility.

Question 18

The primary reproductive organs in the male include the
A) testes.
B) prostate gland.
C) seminal vesicles.
D) bulbourethral glands.
E) all of these answers.

Accepted Answer

The primary reproductive organs in the male are the testes, which produce sperm and male sex hormones. The prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral glands are accessory reproductive organs that contribute fluids to semen, but they are not primary reproductive organs. Therefore, only choice A is correct.

Question 19

The factor responsible for differentiating the embryonic gonads into testes is
A) the sex-determining region of the X chromosome.
B) the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome.
C) autosomal chromosomes.
D) male gonadal-determining factor.
E) the Sertoli cells.

Accepted Answer

The sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) is responsible for differentiating the undifferentiated embryonic gonads into testes. If SRY is absent, the gonads develop into ovaries.

Question 20

Which of the following is not stimulated by testosterone?
A) masculinization of the developing reproductive tract and external genitalia.
B) descent of the testes into the scrotum.
C) spermatid remodeling.
D) development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics.
E) libido.

Accepted Answer

Spermatid remodeling is not stimulated by testosterone. It is instead stimulated by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Testosterone stimulates the development of male reproductive structures, secondary sexual characteristics, and libido.

Quiz 18: The Reproductive System

Which of the following hormones is responsible for the development and maintenance of the secondary sexual characteristics?

The gonads

Which statement is true?

Which cells make androgen binding protein?

Select the structure that serves as a common passageway for two tracts in the male.

Which structure below secretes male sex hormone?

Which of the following is a female accessory sex organ?

Testosterone

Which is not a function of the primary sex organs?

Which of the following is the correct order in which the glands add seminal fluid to migrating sperm cells in the male reproductive tract.

In addition to the gonads, the reproductive system includes all of the following except:

Which of the following statements concerning testosterone is incorrect? Testosterone

The testes are located outside of the abdominal cavity in the scrotal sac to

Testosterone

In both sexes, the reproductive changes that take place during puberty include all of the following except:

Phenotypic sex:

Sperm cells are stored for maturation in the

The primary reproductive organs in the male include the

The factor responsible for differentiating the embryonic gonads into testes is

Which of the following is not stimulated by testosterone?