Question 1

Calvinism stressed tolerance and liberal theology rather than a strict moral code.

Accepted Answer

Calvinism emphasized a strict moral code and often had conservative theological beliefs. Tolerance was not a central theme in Calvinism.

Question 2

Before the arrival of the Europeans, the horse was an important part of every New World culture.

Accepted Answer

Horses were introduced to the New World by Europeans during the 16th century. Before their arrival, the indigenous cultures did not have horses as they were not native to the Americas.

Question 3

By 5000 B.C.E., Native Americans had transitioned into farming societies.

Accepted Answer

By 5000 B.C.E., many Native American societies had transitioned from nomadic hunting and gathering to settled farming communities, such as those of the Mesoamerican civilizations and the Cahokia culture in North America.

Question 4

The presence of horses transformed the ecology of the Great Plains.

Accepted Answer

The presence of horses introduced by the Spanish in the 16th century affected the ecosystem of the Great Plains by altering the grazing patterns of animals and the composition of grasses. Horses also facilitated hunting and transportation for Native American tribes, leading to cultural and societal changes. Therefore, the statement is true.

Question 5

Around 1500 B.C.E., which group in Middle America (Mesoamerica) began developing large cities, including gigantic pyramids?
A) Aztecs
B) Incas
C) Mayas
D) Pueblos
E) Mexica

Accepted Answer

The Maya civilization began developing large cities, including gigantic pyramids, around 1500 B.C.E.

Question 6

The brutal and exploitative systems that the Spanish implemented in the New World were largely the work of Bartolomé de Las Casas.

Accepted Answer

Bartolomé de Las Casas was actually a Spanish colonist who initially supported the enslavement and mistreatment of indigenous populations in the New World. However, he later became an advocate for their rights and fought against the brutal systems implemented by the Spanish.

Question 7

The introduction of Indian foods, such as corn and potatoes, spurred a dramatic increase in Europe's population.

Accepted Answer

The introduction of Indian foods, such as corn (maize) and potatoes, to Europe in the 16th century led to improved food production and nutrition, which in turn contributed to a significant population growth.

Question 8

The Aztecs:
A) were the most advanced example of the Adena-Hopewell culture
B) had an empire of 371 city-states in thirty-eight provinces
C) absorbed the Mayas around 1425
D) succumbed to the Toltecs around A.D. 900
E) were a peaceful, nomadic people

Accepted Answer

The Aztecs had an empire of 371 city-states in thirty-eight provinces, which was a significant and impressive civilization in the Americas. Option A is incorrect as the Adena-Hopewell culture was an ancient Native American culture that existed in the Ohio River Valley, while the Aztecs lived in Mexico. Option C is also incorrect as the Mayas were a separate civilization that existed prior to the Aztecs. Option D is incorrect as the Toltecs existed before the Aztecs and were not responsible for their decline. Option E is incorrect as the Aztecs were known for their military prowess and were not peaceful nomads.

Question 9

The city of Tenochtitlán was founded in 1325 by the:
A) Mayas
B) Chibchas
C) Incas
D) Aztecs
E) Anasazis

Accepted Answer

The city of Tenochtitlán was founded by the Aztecs in 1325.

Question 10

Cahokia was a large, advanced regional center for the Mississippian culture.

Accepted Answer

Cahokia was a large, advanced regional center for the Mississippian culture. It was located in present-day Illinois and had a population estimated to be between 10,000-20,000 people at its peak in the 12th century. The site contains numerous large earthen mounds and structures, including a huge central plaza. Cahokia was an important economic, religious, and political center for the Mississippian people, who flourished in the southeastern and midwestern United States between roughly 800 and 1500 AD.

Question 11

The Church of England was established by gradually integrating Calvinism with English Catholicism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Church of England was established by...

Question 12

Pueblos were communities built by the Aztecs on cliff sides.

Accepted Answer

Pueblos were actually communities built by Native American people in the southwestern United States, particularly by the Pueblo people. They were typically multi-story dwellings made of adobe or stone, built on cliffs or on the ground. The Aztecs built their cities on the plains in Mexico.

Question 13

Ferdinand Magellan's ship was the first to sail around the world.

Accepted Answer

Ferdinand Magellan's ship, the Victoria, was the first to complete a circumnavigation of the world in 1522, even though Magellan himself died during the voyage.

Question 14

Virginia Dare, of Roanoke Island, was the first British child born in the New World.

Accepted Answer

Virginia Dare was indeed the first British child born in the New World on August 18, 1587, on Roanoke Island, in what is now North Carolina.

Question 15

Mexica tribes were deeply spiritual and incorporated human sacrifice into their religious worship.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The Mexica, also known as the Aztecs, believed in many powerful deities and practiced human sacrifice as a way to honor these gods and maintain balance in the universe.

Question 16

The New World was named for the Portuguese-sponsored explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

Accepted Answer

The New World was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who explored the coasts of South America and realized that the land he had discovered was not part of Asia, but a new continent. The German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller referred to this new land as "America" in honor of Vespucci.

Question 17

Ferdinand and Isabella forced Muslims and Jews to either become Christians or leave Spain.

Accepted Answer

This is true. In 1492, Ferdinand and Isabella issued the Alhambra Decree, which required all Jews to convert to Christianity or leave the country. Later, they also gave Muslims the same ultimatum. This led to the expulsion of both groups from Spain.

Question 18

The newest theories of the earliest migrations from Asia to the Americas include:
A) This migration began much earlier than previously thought.
B) The Bering land bridge was the only avenue of migration.
C) Changes in Asia's climate drove natives to the Americas.
D) The natives built advanced sailing vessels for long sea voyages.
E) Early Asian societies drove these natives out, and ultimately they settled in the Americas.

Accepted Answer

Recent archaeological findings suggest that humans may have been migrating to the Americas as early as 30,000 years ago, which is much earlier than previously thought.

Answer: B 
 While there may have been other possible avenues of migration, such as along the Pacific coast or across the Atlantic, the Bering land bridge is the most widely accepted theory for the earliest migrations to the Americas.

Answer: C 
 It is possible that changes in climate, such as the end of the Last Glacial Maximum, may have played a role in driving native populations to migrate from Asia to the Americas.

Answer: D 
 There is no evidence to suggest that ancient Asians developed advanced sailing vessels that would have allowed them to cross the Pacific Ocean.

Answer: E 
 There is no evidence to support this theory, as it is not known why ancient Asian societies would have driven out populations to settle in the Americas.

Question 19

Many of the New World's early explorers were looking for a shorter and safer route around Africa to India.

Accepted Answer

The New World's early explorers were looking for a shorter and safer route around Africa to India because the existing trade routes were long, dangerous, and controlled by the Ottoman Empire.

Question 20

Traditionally, scholars have believed that Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia into North America:
A) in response to global warming
B) in pursuit of large game animals
C) beginning about 1,000 years ago
D) to escape tribal warfare in Asia
E) in search of a disease-free environment

Accepted Answer

The most widely accepted theory is that Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia into North America in pursuit of large game animals to hunt, such as mammoths and bison. The timing of this migration is estimated to be around 15,000-20,000 years ago, making option C incorrect. There is no evidence to support options A, D, or E.

Quiz 1: The Collision of Cultures