Of the cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies for pain management,those designed to target _______________ may be especially helpful.

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Cognitive-behavioral treatment strategies that target self-efficacy, or the belief in one's ability to manage and cope with pain, have been found to be particularly effective in pain management. By increasing self-efficacy, individuals are better able to cope with pain and engage in activities that may have been previously avoided due to fear or anxiety. Treatment strategies targeting depression, hostility, and hypochondriasis may also be helpful in pain management, but focusing on self-efficacy has shown to be especially effective.

Of the Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Strategies for Pain Management,those Designed to Target