Question 1

The gastrointestinal tract is part of the endocrine system.

Accepted Answer

The gastrointestinal tract contains specialized cells that secrete hormones and regulate various functions throughout the body, making it a part of the endocrine system.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the digestive system?
A)increased incidence of gallstones
B)increased incidence of constipation and hemorrhoids
C)increased liver size
D)increased incidence of peptic ulcers and hiatal hernias

Accepted Answer

Aging generally results in a decrease in liver size, not an increase. This is due to a decline in the number of liver cells and a decrease in blood flow to the liver. The other options listed are all effects of aging on the digestive system.

Question 3

The gastrointestinal tract organs produce hormones that act on other body systems.

Accepted Answer

The gastrointestinal tract organs, including the stomach and small intestine, produce hormones such as gastrin and secretin that regulate digestive processes and also act on other body systems such as the pancreas and liver.

Question 4

Most digested nutrients are absorbed directly into the blood from the small intestines.

Accepted Answer

Most digested nutrients, such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, are absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the small intestines. Some nutrients, such as water and minerals, are absorbed in the large intestines.

Question 5

Explain the importance of sodium bicarbonate in pancreatic juice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the importance of sodium bicarbonate in...

Question 6

Heartburn is due to
A)the heart's temperature rising.
B)swallowing of hot food.
C)contents of the stomach escaping into the esophagus.

Accepted Answer

Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest caused by stomach acid backing up into the esophagus. It is not related to the heart or the temperature of food, so options A and B can be eliminated.

Question 7

Suppose you have just eaten a steak,baked potato with butter,and a salad.Explain in detail the changes that have to take place before the body can use the nutrients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose you have just eaten a steak,baked...

Question 8

The body can not make an essential fatty acid,but can make an essential amino acid.
The body can not make either an essential fatty acid or essential amino acid.

Accepted Answer

The body cannot synthesize essential fatty acids or essential amino acids; both must be obtained through the diet.

Question 9

Which enzyme breaks down maltose?
A)amylase
B)lipase
C)maltase
D)pepsin

Accepted Answer

Maltose is broken down by the enzyme maltase, which specifically cleaves the bond between two glucose molecules in the maltose molecule. Amylase breaks down starch into smaller glucose units, lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol, and pepsin breaks down proteins into smaller peptides.

Question 10

The condition that occurs when the lower portion of the esophagus protrudes into the thoracic cavity is
A)GERD.
B)a peptic ulcer.
C)heart burn.
D)a hiatal hernia.

Accepted Answer

The condition described is a hiatal hernia, where part of the stomach bulges up into the chest through an opening in the diaphragm called the hiatus. GERD (A) and heartburn (C) can be symptoms of a hiatal hernia, but are not necessarily indicative of the condition itself. Peptic ulcers (B) are unrelated to hiatal hernias.

Question 11

Which nutrient is the body's main building block?
A)carbohydrates
B)minerals
C)vitamins
D)proteins

Accepted Answer

Proteins are the body's main building block. They are involved in building and repairing tissues, as well as making enzymes, hormones, and other crucial molecules. While carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins are important for various functions in the body, they do not serve as the main building block.

Question 12

Sucrase can substitute for lactase for those who do not have lactase to digest the sugar lactose.
Sucrase can not substitute for lactase.

Accepted Answer

While sucrase can break down other sugars such as sucrose, it cannot break down lactose like lactase can. Therefore, it cannot substitute for lactase for those who do not have lactase to digest lactose.

Question 13

The esophagus is prone to more disorders in the elderly than in younger people.

Accepted Answer

The esophagus in elderly individuals can be affected by various conditions such as GERD, dysphagia, esophageal cancer, and achalasia, among others. These conditions are more prevalent in the elderly than in younger individuals.

Question 14

What is the most immediate energy source for the body?
A)amino acids
B)glucose
C)glycogen
D)any sugar

Accepted Answer

Glucose is the most immediate energy source for the body. It is the preferred fuel for the brain and nervous system and is readily available from the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet. Amino acids and glycogen can also be sources of energy for the body, but they require more processing before they can be used compared to glucose. Any sugar is too broad of a term and may not include glucose specifically.

Question 15

Peristalsis slows in the elderly.

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis, the movement of food through the digestive tract, can slow down as a result of aging. This can contribute to constipation and other digestive issues in older adults.

Question 16

The failure of older people to consume enough fiber can lead to hemorrhoids and constipation.
The failure of older people to consume enough fiber can lead to diverticulosis and constipation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The failure of older people to consume...

Question 17

The lymphatic system is necessary for the absorption of glucose and amino acids from the small intestine.
The lymphatic system is necessary for the absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the small intestine by the lacteals.

Accepted Answer

The lymphatic system is not necessary for the absorption of glucose and amino acids; these are absorbed directly into the bloodstream. It is necessary for the absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins through the lacteals.

Question 18

The integumentary system is necessary for the intestinal absorption of vitamins.
The integumentary system is necessary for the intestinal absorption of calcium by producing vitamin D.

Accepted Answer

The integumentary system is not necessary for the intestinal absorption of vitamins. The digestive system is responsible for the absorption of vitamins.

Question 19

Since proteins are needed by the body,all twenty amino acids are considered essential amino acids.
Only nine are considered essential.The liver can make the other eleven.

Accepted Answer

Only nine of the twenty amino acids are considered essential as the body cannot produce them on its own, and they must be consumed through diet. The other eleven can be synthesized by the liver.

Question 20

A complete protein
A)supplies all 20 amino acids in the diet.
B)supplies only the essential amino acids.
C)is generally found in vegetables.
D)is found only in meat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A complete protein
A)supplies all 20 amino acids...

Quiz 15: Digestive System

The gastrointestinal tract is part of the endocrine system.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the digestive system?

The gastrointestinal tract organs produce hormones that act on other body systems.

Most digested nutrients are absorbed directly into the blood from the small intestines.

Explain the importance of sodium bicarbonate in pancreatic juice.

Heartburn is due to

Suppose you have just eaten a steak,baked potato with butter,and a salad.Explain in detail the changes that have to take place before the body can use the nutrients.

The body can not make an essential fatty acid,but can make an essential amino acid. The body can not make either an essential fatty acid or essential amino acid.

Which enzyme breaks down maltose?

The condition that occurs when the lower portion of the esophagus protrudes into the thoracic cavity is

Which nutrient is the body's main building block?

Sucrase can substitute for lactase for those who do not have lactase to digest the sugar lactose. Sucrase can not substitute for lactase.

The esophagus is prone to more disorders in the elderly than in younger people.

What is the most immediate energy source for the body?

Peristalsis slows in the elderly.

The failure of older people to consume enough fiber can lead to hemorrhoids and constipation. The failure of older people to consume enough fiber can lead to diverticulosis and constipation.

The lymphatic system is necessary for the absorption of glucose and amino acids from the small intestine. The lymphatic system is necessary for the absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the small intestine by the lacteals.

The integumentary system is necessary for the intestinal absorption of vitamins. The integumentary system is necessary for the intestinal absorption of calcium by producing vitamin D.

Since proteins are needed by the body,all twenty amino acids are considered essential amino acids. Only nine are considered essential.The liver can make the other eleven.

A complete protein