Which of the Following Is a Reason Marketing Research Information

Which of the following is a reason marketing research information may not be used effectively?

A) Managers in the same business for a long time think they know customers' markets in depth.
B) Some managers are skeptical of new information and see it as a threat to their authority.
C) Some managers have a pro-innovation bias and are likely to try anything new.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above