Question 1

Which of the following is TRUE regarding values for demographic factors between more and less developed countries?

Accepted Answer

Developed countries typically have lower total fertility rates, higher life expectancy, and lower infant mortality rates compared to developing countries. Therefore, the statement that crude birth rates are higher in developing countries is true, as these countries often have higher fertility rates contributing to higher birth rates.

Question 2

Refer to Infographic 4.Looking at these three age structure diagrams,explain which country will experience rapid population growth during the next two decades.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to Infographic 4.Looking at these three...

Question 3

The average number of children that a woman has over her lifetime is called the _______.

Accepted Answer

The total fertility rate is the average number of children that a woman has over her lifetime.

Question 4

Today,the United States and France each exhibit an aging population.Why is this such a concern for demographers?

Accepted Answer

An aging population means that there are more people who have retired and are no longer in the workforce, while at the same time, there are fewer younger people who are starting their careers and making contributions to the economy. This can create a strain on the social welfare and healthcare systems, leading to concerns about sustainability and economic growth.

Question 5

Which of the following is an issue that a country with a top-heavy age structure diagram would face?

Accepted Answer

A top-heavy age structure diagram indicates a larger proportion of older individuals in the population, leading to issues such as younger members caring for many older relatives, a shrinking workforce, and potentially better employment conditions for the fewer younger workers.

Question 6

A less developed country with high infant mortality and extensive poverty has a total fertility rate (TFR)of 5.7.Very few women receive a secondary education,and most do not work outside the home.What pronatalist pressures can you identify? What strategies can you propose to successfully lower TFR in this country?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A less developed country with high infant...

Question 7

An age structure diagram that shows a significant loss in the male population for a specific age group is likely representative of __________.

Accepted Answer

A significant loss in the male population for a specific age group is most likely due to war, where males are the ones more likely to participate in combat and hence suffer casualties. Epidemics and pandemics may affect both genders equally, while emigration may lead to a loss or gain of both genders depending on the demographics of the emigrating population. Natural selection, on the other hand, refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, and is not directly related to changes in the population's age structure.

Question 8

The rate at which children must be born to replace those dying in the population is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

The replacement fertility rate is the rate at which children must be born to replace those dying in the population, thus maintaining a stable population size. Option B is related to fertility, but it is not specific to replacement, whereas option D refers to the maximum population size a given area can support. Option A is an ambiguous term, and option C refers to the shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates in a population, which is not directly related to the replacement fertility rate.

Question 9

Why would airlifting crates of condoms and dropping them over African countries with high total fertility rates not be a successful strategy at slowing global population growth rates? What factors need to be considered,beyond making contraceptives available?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why would airlifting crates of condoms and...

Question 10

What is total fertility rate (TFR)? How do programs such as Social Security,pension plans,and Medicare affect TFR?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is total fertility rate (TFR)? How...

Question 11

Globally,the replacement fertility rate is ______.

Accepted Answer

The replacement fertility rate is the number of children per woman needed to maintain a stable population. This rate is estimated to be 2.1 globally, meaning that each woman needs to have an average of 2.1 children to replace herself and the father of her children in the population. Any rate below 2.1 would lead to a declining population, while any rate above 2.1 would lead to a growing population. Option A (1) and E (0) are both incorrect, as they suggest a declining population, while option D (3) suggests a growing population. Option B (2) is incorrect, as it is not the replacement fertility rate but rather the population growth rate.

Question 12

As a country progresses from the preindustrial stage to the postindustrial stage,what will happen to the birth rate and death rate?

Accepted Answer

As a country progresses from the preindustrial stage to the postindustrial stage, both birth rates and death rates tend to decrease. This is due to improvements in healthcare, education, and living standards, which lead to lower mortality rates and fewer births per family.

Question 13

You have been assigned the task of determining if a population will be growing,slowing,or declining.What aspects of an age structure diagram will help you determine what will happen to the population in the future?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You have been assigned the task of...

Question 14

Kerala has population momentum for two reasons: lots of ______ and lots of _____.

Accepted Answer

Population momentum refers to the tendency of a population to continue to grow even after fertility rates have declined. The two main reasons for population momentum are a large proportion of young people, who will continue to have children for several decades even if the fertility rate decreases, and a disproportionate number of females, who have a higher life expectancy and are more likely to reach reproductive age. In the case of Kerala, the state has a large population of young people, many of whom are female due to favorable social policies and cultural practices that value girls' education and equality. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 15

Cultural and economic forces that encourage women to have more children are called __________.

Accepted Answer

Pronatalist pressures are cultural and economic forces that encourage women to have more children, such as social norms that prioritize motherhood and policies that incentivize larger families. Population momentum is a separate concept referring to the continued growth of a population even after fertility rates decline. Total fertility rates are a measure of the average number of children born to a woman in a population. Demographic transitions refer to the historical shift from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as societies modernize.

Question 16

Japan's population is fairly stable and is represented by an age structure diagram that looks like a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

Japan's population is aging and has a low birth rate, leading to a relatively stable population size with a larger proportion of older people. This demographic structure is best represented by a column shape in an age structure diagram, indicating similar numbers across different age groups.

Question 17

As a country's economy changes from preindustrial to postindustrial,low birth and death rates replace high birth and death rates.This phenomenon is known as _____________.

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is known as demographic transition, which refers to the process of a country transitioning from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as it undergoes industrialization and development. This process is typically characterized by improvements in healthcare, education, and economic opportunities, which lead to increased life expectancy, decreased infant mortality, and a shift towards smaller family sizes. The other answer choices are not accurate descriptions of this phenomenon. Replacement fertility rate refers to the number of children a woman needs to have to replace the population, while total fertility rate is the average number of children born to each woman in a population. Zero population growth refers to a stable population size where births and deaths balance out, while population densities refer to the number of people living within a given area.

Question 18

A good example of a demographic factor that influences population changes is ________.

Accepted Answer

All of these factors can influence population changes. Education and economic conditions can affect birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns. Cultural values can also affect these factors, as well as attitudes towards family planning and fertility. Health care can impact mortality rates, which can affect population growth. Therefore, all of these factors play a role in shaping population changes.

Question 19

A country with a growing population will have a ________ age structure diagram,while a country with a shrinking population will have a ________ age structure diagram.

Accepted Answer

A country with a growing population will have a pyramid-shaped age structure diagram because there will be a large proportion of young people and a smaller proportion of older people. On the other hand, a country with a shrinking population will have a top-heavy age structure diagram because there will be a larger proportion of older people and smaller proportion of young people. Thus, the best choice is C, which indicates a bottom-heavy diagram for a growing population and a top-heavy diagram for a shrinking population.

Question 20

The industrializing stage of the demographic transition is characterized by _______ population growth.

Accepted Answer

The industrializing stage of the demographic transition is characterized by rapid population growth due to improved healthcare, sanitation, and technology leading to decreased mortality rates, while fertility rates remain high.

Quiz 10: Human Populations the Kerala Model