Question 1

As a person ages,he or she may develop a problem such as tinnitus,a constant ringing or buzzing in the ear related to hearing loss or ear damage.Which term best describes this situation?

Accepted Answer

Tinnitus, described as a constant ringing or buzzing in the ear often associated with hearing loss or ear damage, is best categorized as a chronic condition because it is a long-lasting and persistent issue.

Question 2

Barbara celebrated her 85th birthday by swimming 85 laps at the pool,followed with an open-house party for her extended family and friends.She was quite dismayed when she experienced many of the younger people treating her as if she were senile,even though she is as mentally alert as ever.What does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This situation illustrates ageism, as the younger people are treating Barbara differently solely based on her age, and without considering her actual mental abilities or accomplishments.

Question 3

Who are the gatekeepers to the healthcare system in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The gatekeepers to the healthcare system in Canada are the physicians, as they are the ones who assess and refer patients for specialized care and treatments. While the other options may have a certain level of influence and authority within the healthcare system, they do not have the same direct role as physicians in determining access to care.

Question 4

What is Canada's health care system called?

Accepted Answer

Canada's health care system is called Medicare.

Question 5

Gerald is 75 years old.His daughter visits him every day,cooking meals,cleaning,and visiting.Gerald sometimes gets upset with his daughter because she treats him like he is an invalid,unable to care for himself.Which point of view has Gerald's daughter taken toward her father?

Accepted Answer

Gerald's daughter is assuming that just because he is old, he is unable to care for himself. This is a form of ageism, which is discrimination or prejudice based on a person's age.

Question 6

Maggie is an 85-year-old senior who needs a walker to get around her apartment;she can't bathe herself,clean,or cook meals.How would her lifestyle be categorized?

Accepted Answer

Maggie's inability to perform basic activities of daily living indicate that she is functionally disabled. This term is used to describe individuals who have difficulties performing tasks such as bathing, dressing, cooking, cleaning, etc. due to physical limitations or health conditions. The need for a walker also suggests that she may have some physical disabilities as well, but functionally disabled is the most appropriate term for her overall lifestyle.

Question 7

Andrea argues that impoverished First Nations women experience a triple jeopardy in their risk for diabetes.What is Andrea using as the basis for her argument?

Accepted Answer

Andrea is using the intersectionality hypothesis, which suggests that individuals experience intersecting systems of oppression and privilege based on their race, gender, class, and other social identities. Therefore, impoverished First Nations women are at increased risk for diabetes due to the intersection of their marginalized identities as Indigenous peoples, women, and those experiencing poverty.

Question 8

Shen is 80 years old and came from China to Canada three years ago.He has noticed that the Canadians he meets at the senior's centre seem to have more health problems than he does,even though he is older than most of them.How might Shen's relatively good health be explained?

Accepted Answer

The healthy immigrant effect refers to the phenomenon where recent immigrants tend to have better health outcomes than the general population of their new country, likely due to a combination of pre-migration health selection, healthier lifestyle behaviors in their home country, and challenges accessing healthcare services in their new country.

Question 9

Sam is the manager of a large department store.When he needs to hire new staff,he avoids hiring people over the age of 60 because he believes they cannot handle the strain and they take a very long time to learn the job.What is Sam's belief known as?

Accepted Answer

Sam's belief is known as ageism, which is a form of discrimination based on a person's age. It involves making assumptions or stereotypes about a person's abilities, skills, or characteristics solely based on their age. In this case, Sam is assuming that people over the age of 60 cannot handle the strain or learn the job quickly, which is a biased and unfair stereotype.

Question 10

Which statement best describes life expectancies?

Accepted Answer

Women tend to live longer than men. This is a well-established trend across the world. According to the World Health Organization, the global life expectancy for women is 74.2 years while it is 69.8 years for men. Factors such as biology, lifestyle, and healthcare access contribute to this difference.

Question 11

In 2004,who was named The Greatest Canadian of all time by voters across Canada,in large part due to his tireless efforts to ensure that every Canadian had access to quality health care,regardless of their economic or social situation?

Accepted Answer

Tommy Douglas, a former premier of Saskatchewan and founder of Canada's first socialist government, was named The Greatest Canadian of all time in 2004 for his contribution to Canadian healthcare by introducing universal healthcare in Saskatchewan in 1962. His efforts led to the establishment of the national healthcare system in Canada.

Question 12

What is the purpose of the Canada Health Act?

Accepted Answer

The Canada Health Act's main purpose is to ensure that all residents of provinces and territories have access to necessary health care. It sets out the criteria and conditions that provincial and territorial health insurance programs must meet in order to receive federal funding. The Act prohibits extra billing by doctors and user fees by hospitals, ensuring that necessary medical services are available to all residents, regardless of their ability to pay.

Question 13

A middle-aged man is strict about his diet,exercise,and rest because he is planning to live a long and vital life,followed by a quick death.What hypothesis would support this notion?

Accepted Answer

The compression of morbidity hypothesis suggests that individuals can push the onset of chronic illness and disability later in life by adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as healthy diet, exercise, and rest. This aligns with the middle-aged man's goal of living a long and vital life with a quick death, indicating that he is aiming to compress the period of morbidity (illness and disability) towards the end of his life.

Question 14

Eduardo spent his early life eating a high-fat diet,not exercising,and getting obese,which led to a severe stroke in his mid-50s.He is now confined to wheelchair,with a short-term prognosis of more strokes.Which theory best explains Eduardo's condition?

Accepted Answer

The life course perspective emphasizes the importance of early life experiences and how they can have a long-lasting impact on health outcomes later in life, such as Eduardo's high-fat diet and lack of exercise leading to obesity and ultimately, stroke.

Question 15

Ivan,age 55,treats himself for a variety of minor chronic complaints,and he consults with doctors,physiotherapists,massage therapists,and nutritionists.What term describes what Ivan is doing?

Accepted Answer

Ivan is practicing self-care, which involves taking responsibility for one's own health and well-being through a variety of practices such as seeking medical and alternative treatments, exercising, and eating a healthy diet. Self-improvement, self-preservation, and self-awareness do not fully capture the range of actions Ivan is taking to address his chronic health issues.

Question 16

Every Sunday,Ruth sorts her pills: one for her heart,one for arthritis,one for diabetes,one for high blood pressure,several to counteract the side effects of the prescribed medicines,and vitamins to prevent other health issues.Which phenomenon associated with old age is related to taking all these pills?

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon associated with old age related to taking all these pills is medicalization. Medicalization refers to the process of defining and treating normal physical and emotional states as medical problems that require medical intervention, which is commonly seen in older adults who need to take multiple medications to manage their health conditions.

Question 17

A middle-aged Aboriginal woman living beside a river,downstream from a paper mill,has asthma and osteoporosis.Which hypothesis best describes this woman's risk of ailment?

Accepted Answer

The concept of "multiple jeopardy" best describes the woman's situation, as it suggests that her health risks are compounded by multiple factors, including her environmental exposure (living downstream from a paper mill), her chronic conditions (asthma and osteoporosis), and potentially her socioeconomic and cultural context (being an Aboriginal woman). This concept acknowledges the intersectionality of various risk factors that can exacerbate health issues.

Question 18

What percentage of the genetic mutations leading to cancer is caused by environmental factors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What percentage of the genetic mutations leading...

Question 19

For her term paper on the health of seniors,Gisele has decided to approach her research using a life course perspective.What will she be investigating?

Accepted Answer

A life course perspective examines how a person's socioeconomic status and experiences in different stages of life influence their health outcomes. This means Gisele will be exploring the connections between individuals and the socioeconomic context in which they have lived, rather than examining beliefs about aging, abilities to engage in activities, or societal treatment of the elderly.

Question 20

Leanne,a 67-year-old woman,is considering retirement from her 30-year career as a cardiac surgeon.She has invested wisely and has amassed a healthy bank account and a number of investment properties.According to research findings,which statement would best apply to Leanne?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals who have better socioeconomic status, education, and access to healthcare tend to have longer life expectancies compared to those who lack these advantages. Therefore, it is likely that Leanne's life expectancy would be longer than that of persons who have not experienced the advantages that she has.

Quiz 18: Health and Aging