Question 1

Which of the following has not been proposed as a model to explain the origin of modern Homo sapiens?
A) An origin in Africa followed by migration to other areas where indigenous premodern populations were replaced.
B) An origin in Africa followed by migration to other areas where both interbreeding and replacement occurred.
C) Several origins in different areas where modern forms evolved from local populations.
D) Separate origins in Africa and Australia with migrations from both these areas to displace all other populations.
E) A strong influence of modern humans evolving first in Africa that left an imprint on populations throughout the world that is detectable today.

Accepted Answer

Separate origins in Africa and Australia with migrations from both these areas to displace all other populations has not been proposed as a model to explain the origin of modern Homo sapiens.

Question 2

Thus far, the earliest specimens of modern Homo sapiens are from which site?
A) Omo Kibish
B) Klasies River Mouth
C) Qafzeh
D) Cro-Magnon
E) Kow Swamp

Accepted Answer

The earliest specimens of modern Homo sapiens are from the site of Omo Kibish in Ethiopia, dating back to around 195,000 years ago.

Question 3

According to the compete replacement model, the transition from premodern to modern Homo sapiens
A) occurred in several regions of the Old World simultaneously
B) occurred first in Europe
C) only occurred once, in Africa
D) began about 10,000 years ago in Indonesia
E) began about 100,000 years ago in Asia

Accepted Answer

According to the complete replacement model, modern Homo sapiens evolved exclusively in Africa about 200,000 years ago and gradually replaced all other hominin populations, leading to the extinction of Neanderthals and other archaic human species. This model suggests that there was only one origin of modern humans, and that all non-African populations are descended from a single migration out of Africa.

Question 4

According to Partial Replacement Models, modern humans first appeared in Africa
A) and interbred with premodern populations of Eurasia, thus partially displacing them
B) and remained there until modern humans from Asia displaced them
C) about 500,000 years ago
D) but were later displaced by European Neandertals
E) and India, simultaneously.

Accepted Answer

Partial Replacement Models suggest that modern humans originated in Africa and interbred with premodern populations in Eurasia, leading to partial displacement. This idea is supported by genetic evidence that shows non-African populations have traces of Neanderthal DNA, indicating interbreeding between these populations. The other choices are not supported by current scientific understanding.

Question 5

Modern human occupation dates to 50,000 in
A) Australia
B) South America
C) North America
D) Africa
E) Europe

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modern human occupation dates to 50,000 in
A)...

Question 6

What does the Regional Continuity Model of modern Homo sapiens origins not propose?
A) Modern humans did not appear solely in Africa.
B) Premodern populations in Europe, Asia, and Africa all evolved into modern Homo sapiens.
C) There was gene flow between premodern populations from different regions of the Old World.
D) Local populations would have evolved totally independently from one another
E) Local populations would not have evolved totally independently from one another

Accepted Answer

The Regional Continuity Model proposes that premodern populations in Europe, Asia, and Africa all evolved into modern Homo sapiens and there was gene flow between these populations. However, it does not propose that local populations would have evolved totally independently from one another.

Question 7

Early modern Homo sapiens remains rom the Near East include
A) Kow Swamp
B) Skhūl
C) Herto
D) Omo Kibish
E) Zhoukoudian

Accepted Answer

Skhūl is the only option listed that is a site in the Near East containing remains of early modern Homo sapiens. The others are from different regions or contain remains of other hominin species.

Question 8

According to the complete replacement model, anatomically modern Homo sapiens first appeared in Africa
A) and dispersed to Europe where they interbred with local premodern H. sapiens populations
B) and migrated to other areas completely displacing all premodern H. sapiens populations without interbreeding with them
C) remained there while premodern populations elsewhere evolved more slowly
D) around 500,000 years ago
E) and the local populations would not have evolved totally independently from one another.

Accepted Answer

The complete replacement model proposes that anatomically modern Homo sapiens emerged in Africa and then migrated to other areas, completely replacing all premodern H. sapiens populations without interbreeding with them. This is also known as the "Out of Africa" hypothesis.

Question 9

The Herto remains are
A) from South Africa
B) from the Middle Awash area of Ethiopia
C) considered to be modern Neandertal
D) considered to be Ardipithecus
E) the earliest European evidence of modern humans

Accepted Answer

The Herto remains were discovered in the Middle Awash area of Ethiopia in 1997.

Question 10

According to the Regional Continuity Model, ________ prevented local populations of premodern Homo sapiens from becoming separate species.
A) founder's effect
B) gene flow
C) displacement by African Homo sapiens
D) mitochondrial DNA
E) genetic drift

Accepted Answer

According to the Regional Continuity Model, gene flow prevented local populations from becoming separate species. This means that individuals from different regions were able to interbreed and exchange genetic material, preventing the accumulation of significant genetic differences between populations.

Question 11

The Skhūl site is dated to approximately ________ years ago.
A) 250,000-200,000
B) 75,000-43,000
C) 200,000-100,000
D) 130,000-100,000
E) 40,000

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Skhūl site is dated to approximately...

Question 12

Which of the following sites in western Europe may offer evidence for genetic continuity between Neandertals and modern humans?
A) Abrigo do Lagar Velho
B) Tabun and Qafzeh
C) Qafzeh and Skhūl
D) Border Cave and Vindija
E) Cromagnon

Accepted Answer

Abrigo do Lagar Velho in Portugal is notable for the discovery of the Lapedo child, a skeleton that presents a mixture of Neandertal and modern human anatomical features, suggesting a possible genetic continuity between the two populations in that region of western Europe.

Question 13

Researchers have recently sequenced the genetic identities of nine ancient fully modern H. sapiens from sites in Italy, France, the Czech Republic, and Russia. What did this research focus on?
A) the Y chromosome
B) mtDNA
C) the ABO blood groups
D) the Y chromosome and the ABO blood groups
E) only cranial remains

Accepted Answer

The research focused on sequencing mtDNA, as indicated by the use of the phrase "genetic identities" in relation to ancient humans. MtDNA is commonly used for sequencing in ancient human studies due to its abundance in cells and its ability to survive in bones for longer periods of time compared to other DNA.

Question 14

Of the sites listed below, which is the most important one for determining the morphology of the earliest Homo sapiens in western Europe?
A) Cro-Magnon
B) Tabun
C) Katanda
D) Mladeč
E) Herto

Accepted Answer

Cro-Magnon is the most important site for determining the morphology of the earliest Homo sapiens in western Europe as it is the type site for the Cro-Magnon culture, which is associated with the earliest anatomically modern humans in Europe. The remains discovered at this site have been extensively studied and are considered representative of the Cro-Magnon population. The other sites listed are important for other reasons, but not specifically for determining the morphology of early Homo sapiens in western Europe.

Question 15

Anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils from Africa have been dated to about _____ years ago.
A) 100,000-70,000
B) 200,000-100,000
C) 195,000-80,000
D) 35,000
E) 65,000

Accepted Answer

Anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils from Africa have been dated to about 200,000-100,000 years ago.

Question 16

The analysis of the Herto remains indicates they are
A) most similar to Australopithecus
B) indistinguishable from modern Homo sapiens
C) most similar to late Homo erectus from China
D) not specifically similar to modern Homo sapiens
E) none of these

Accepted Answer

The Herto remains, which are about 160,000 to 154,000 years old, are considered early modern humans (Homo sapiens idaltu) and show features that are distinct from but closely related to modern Homo sapiens, indicating a specific similarity but not indistinguishability.

Question 17

Two different Replacement Models have been proposed. They differ from each other with respect to which of the following?
A) the anatomy of modern humans
B) the timing of the origin of modern humans
C) whether a speciation event caused the demise of Neandertals
D) the origin and dispersal of the first modern human populations
E) the use of DNA sequences in analyses

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two different Replacement Models have been proposed....

Question 18

The hypothesis that all modern humans descended from an African lineage
A) has been conclusively proven to be correct
B) is supported by mtDNA evidence
C) is supported by evidence from researchers in India
D) is conclusively proven as incorrect
E) is based on archaeological evidence obtained from caves in Spain

Accepted Answer

The hypothesis that all modern humans descended from an African lineage is supported by mtDNA evidence. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is inherited solely from the mother and is passed down unchanged through generations, allowing scientists to trace back maternal lineages. Studies on mtDNA have found that all living humans share a common ancestor in Africa, supporting the hypothesis that modern humans evolved in Africa and spread to other regions of the world.

Question 19

Current evidence indicates that the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils are from which geographical location?
A) China
B) India
C) Germany
D) France
E) Africa

Accepted Answer

The earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils have been found in Africa, specifically in Ethiopia, Morocco, and South Africa.

Question 20

According to the most recent evidence, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around _______ years ago.
A) 200,000
B) 1,500,000
C) 50,000
D) 500,000
E) 5,000,000

Accepted Answer

The most recent evidence suggests that the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago, which is supported by genetic and fossil evidence. The other choices are either too early (B, E) or too late (C, D) for the emergence of modern Homo sapiens.

Quiz 11: The Origin and Dispersal of Modern Humans

Which of the following has not been proposed as a model to explain the origin of modern Homo sapiens?

Thus far, the earliest specimens of modern Homo sapiens are from which site?

According to the compete replacement model, the transition from premodern to modern Homo sapiens

According to Partial Replacement Models, modern humans first appeared in Africa

Modern human occupation dates to 50,000 in

What does the Regional Continuity Model of modern Homo sapiens origins not propose?

Early modern Homo sapiens remains rom the Near East include

According to the complete replacement model, anatomically modern Homo sapiens first appeared in Africa

The Herto remains are

According to the Regional Continuity Model, ________ prevented local populations of premodern Homo sapiens from becoming separate species.

The Skhūl site is dated to approximately ________ years ago.

Which of the following sites in western Europe may offer evidence for genetic continuity between Neandertals and modern humans?

Researchers have recently sequenced the genetic identities of nine ancient fully modern H. sapiens from sites in Italy, France, the Czech Republic, and Russia. What did this research focus on?

Of the sites listed below, which is the most important one for determining the morphology of the earliest Homo sapiens in western Europe?

Anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils from Africa have been dated to about _____ years ago.

The analysis of the Herto remains indicates they are

Two different Replacement Models have been proposed. They differ from each other with respect to which of the following?

The hypothesis that all modern humans descended from an African lineage

Current evidence indicates that the earliest anatomically modern Homo sapiens fossils are from which geographical location?

According to the most recent evidence, the first modern Homo sapiens evolved in Africa around _______ years ago.