Question 1

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is above normal values?
A) Leukocytosis
B) Leukopenia
C) Anemia
D) Polycythemia

Accepted Answer

An abnormally elevated RBC count is known as polycythemia.

Question 2

What is the name used for immature neutrophils?
A) Segs
B) Bands
C) Polys
D) Neutros

Accepted Answer

Immature neutrophils are known as bands due to the banded shape of the nucleus.

Question 3

What test is useful for evaluating the blood-clotting ability of your patient?
A) Red blood cell count
B) Platelet count
C) Neutrophil count
D) Hematocrit

Accepted Answer

The complete blood cell count also reports the number of circulating platelets (thrombocytes), which are the smallest formed elements in the blood and are important for coagulation.

Question 4

What term is used to describe a result significantly outside the reference range that may represent a pathophysiologic condition?
A) Reference range
B) Biological reference intervals
C) Expected value
D) Critical test value

Accepted Answer

A critical test value is a result significantly outside the reference range and represents a pathophysiologic condition. A critical value may be potentially life threatening unless corrective action is taken promptly.

Question 5

The total carbon dioxide (CO₂) value is linked to what electrolyte in the blood serum? A) Sodium B) Potassium C) Bicarbonate D) Chloride

Accepted Answer

The total CO₂ represents the level of HCO₃F1F1F1S1^F1F1F10 in venous blood.

Question 6

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is below normal values?
A) Leukocytosis
B) Leukopenia
C) Anemia
D) Polycythemia

Accepted Answer

An abnormally low RBC count is referred to as anemia and suggests that either RBC production by the bone marrow is inadequate or excessive loss of blood has occurred.

Question 7

The mean cell hemoglobin concentration of your patient is reduced. What type of anemia is this?
A) Microcytic
B) Macrocytic
C) Hypochromic
D) Hypotrophic

Accepted Answer

Patients with an inadequate hemoglobin concentration will have red blood cells that are smaller than normal (microcytic) and lack normal color (hypochromic).

Question 8

The sweat chloride level is used to diagnose which of the following disorders?
A) Asthma
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Hyperthyroidism
D) Hepatitis

Accepted Answer

Patients with cystic fibrosis have increased levels of chloride in their sweat because of their inability to reabsorb it.

Question 9

What term is used to describe a potassium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypochloremia

Accepted Answer

An abnormally low serum potassium level is known as hypokalemia.

Question 10

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is below normal values?
A) Anemia
B) Thrombocytopenia
C) Leukopenia
D) Hypoleukemia

Accepted Answer

A WBC count that is below normal is known as leukopenia.

Question 11

Which of the following are causes of leukopenia?
1) Chemotherapy
2) Bone marrow disease
3) Radiation therapy
4) Antibiotics
A)1 and 4 only
B)1, 2, and 3 only
C)2 and 3 only
D)1, 2, and 4 only

Accepted Answer

1, 2, and 3 only. Chemotherapy, bone marrow disease, and radiation therapy can all cause leukopenia by damaging bone marrow or directly reducing white blood cell counts. Antibiotics typically do not cause leukopenia, although there are rare exceptions.

Question 12

What abnormality in the complete blood count is often seen in a patient with significant hypoxemia caused by chronic lung disease?
A) Leukocytosis
B) Anemia
C) Polycythemia
D) Leukopenia

Accepted Answer

Polycythemia helps prevent the negative side effects of reduced PO₂ in the blood by increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.

Question 13

Which of the following values represents a normal serum potassium level?
A) 137 to 147 mEq/L
B) 98 to 105 mEq/L
C) 7 to 20 mEq/L
D) 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L

Accepted Answer

The normal values for these electrolytes are listed in Table 17-3.

Question 14

What term is used to describe a sodium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypochloremia

Accepted Answer

A low sodium level is referred to as hyponatremia, and it may occur with diuretic therapy, diarrhea, or certain kidney problems.

Question 15

In which of the following clinical settings would hypokalemia be a significant problem?
A) During weaning from mechanical ventilation
B) In a patient with pleural effusion
C) In a patient with kyphoscoliosis
D) During a bronchial challenge test

Accepted Answer

The potassium level is of particular interest in the patient being weaned from mechanical ventilation, because both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia may render the diaphragm weak and less effective.

Question 16

What type of white blood cell increases in response to viral infections?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes, specifically T cells and B cells, are the main type of white blood cells that increase in response to viral infections. They play a crucial role in the body's immune response against viral pathogens. Neutrophils may also increase in number, but they are more commonly associated with bacterial infections. Eosinophils are involved in parasitic infections and allergic reactions, while monocytes are primarily responsible for phagocytosing (engulfing) pathogens and debris.

Question 17

What term is used to describe a platelet count below normal?
A) Anemia
B) Leukopenia
C) Thrombocytopenia
D) Thrombocytosis

Accepted Answer

A significant reduction in the platelet count (known as thrombocytopenia) occurs with bone marrow diseases or with disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Question 18

Which of the following are formed elements in the blood?
1) Leukocytes
2) Erythrocytes
3) Thrombocytes
4) Electrolytes
A)1 and 2 only
B)1, 2, and 3 only
C)2, 3, and 4 only
D)1, 2, and 4 only

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are formed elements...

Question 19

What type of white blood cell increases in response to allergic reactions?
A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Lymphocytes
D) Monocytes

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils are the type of white blood cell that increases in response to allergic reactions. They are involved in the immune response to parasites and are also associated with allergic symptoms, such as asthma and allergies.

Question 20

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is above normal values?
A) Leukocytosis
B) Leukopenia
C) Neutropenia
D) Polycythemia

Accepted Answer

Elevation of the WBC count is known as leukocytosis.

Quiz 17: Interpreting Clinical and Laboratory Data

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is above normal values?

What is the name used for immature neutrophils?

What test is useful for evaluating the blood-clotting ability of your patient?

What term is used to describe a result significantly outside the reference range that may represent a pathophysiologic condition?

The total carbon dioxide (CO2) value is linked to what electrolyte in the blood serum?

What term is used to describe a red blood cell (RBC) count that is below normal values?

The mean cell hemoglobin concentration of your patient is reduced. What type of anemia is this?

The sweat chloride level is used to diagnose which of the following disorders?

What term is used to describe a potassium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is below normal values?

Which of the following are causes of leukopenia? 1) Chemotherapy 2) Bone marrow disease 3) Radiation therapy 4) Antibiotics

What abnormality in the complete blood count is often seen in a patient with significant hypoxemia caused by chronic lung disease?

Which of the following values represents a normal serum potassium level?

What term is used to describe a sodium concentration that is below normal in the blood serum?

In which of the following clinical settings would hypokalemia be a significant problem?

What type of white blood cell increases in response to viral infections?

What term is used to describe a platelet count below normal?

Which of the following are formed elements in the blood? 1) Leukocytes 2) Erythrocytes 3) Thrombocytes 4) Electrolytes

What type of white blood cell increases in response to allergic reactions?

What term is used to describe a white blood cell (WBC) count that is above normal values?

The total carbon dioxide (CO₂) value is linked to what electrolyte in the blood serum?