Question 1

On the basis of statistical findings,Becky determines that the difference between males and females on a test of abstract mathematical reasoning is merely due to chance.If,in fact,there are gender differences in the population,Becky will have made a:
A)Type I error.
B)Type II error.

Accepted Answer

Becky's conclusion is that there is no statistically significant difference between males and females on the test. However, if there actually is a difference in the population, Becky's conclusion would be incorrect. This is a Type II error, which occurs when the null hypothesis (in this case, no gender differences) is accepted when it is actually false.

Question 2

Researchers do not want to make a Type II error,because if their study has an effect,they want to be able to find it.Thus,they make their studies as powerful as they can.Of the following,the best way to increase the power of a study is to:
A)raise the significance level used for the study.
B)use inferential statistics.
C)test a large sample.
D)compute fewer statistical analyses.

Accepted Answer

The best way to increase the power of a study is to test a large sample size. This increases the likelihood of detecting a significant effect if one exists in the population. Raising the significance level increases the risk of a Type I error, and using inferential statistics and computing fewer statistical analyses do not directly increase the power of a study.

Question 3

On the basis of statistical findings,Ron determines that the differences between males and females on a test of spatial reasoning are not due merely to chance.If,in fact,there are no gender differences in the population,Ron will have made a:
A)Type I error.
B)Type II error.

Accepted Answer

A Type I error occurs when a researcher incorrectly rejects a true null hypothesis, which in this case means Ron incorrectly concluded there are gender differences when there are none.

Question 4

When conducting a meta-analysis,a researcher will typically:
A)identify interval estimates for the population parameters.
B)reject the null hypothesis and conclude there's a significant effect.
C)compare the effect sizes for a set of independent studies on a single topic.
D)use nonparametric statistical techniques.

Accepted Answer

When conducting a meta-analysis, a researcher typically compares the effect sizes for a set of independent studies on a single topic. The other options are not relevant to the process of meta-analysis. A, interval estimates for population parameters, is more relevant to traditional statistical inference, B, rejecting null hypothesis and concluding significant effect, is more relevant to experimental research, and D, nonparametric statistical techniques, is not specific to the process of meta-analysis.

Question 5

Seamus has determined that there is a 95% chance that the number of people visiting the Blarney Stone in the month of June will be between 1,760 and 2,025.This is:
A)a point estimate.
B)an interval estimate.
C)a high percentile rank.
D)a strong correlation.

Accepted Answer

This is an interval estimate because it gives a range of possible values (1,760 to 2,025) with a certain level of confidence (95%) for the number of people visiting the Blarney Stone in June.

Question 6

A medical researcher is concerned about mistakenly concluding that a new medication is effective when it really is not.What type of error is the researcher concerned about making (Type I or Type II)? Describe what the researcher might do to decrease the likelihood of making that type of error.Discuss ramifications of your suggested approach for other types of error in the study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A medical researcher is concerned about mistakenly...

Question 7

Note several steps researchers can take to optimize the power of their statistical tests.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Note several steps researchers can take to...

Question 8

Statistical hypothesis testing involves testing the:
A)research hypothesis.
B)probability level.
C)significance level.
D)null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

In statistical hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis is the statement that is tested against the alternative hypothesis. The null hypothesis is either rejected or not rejected based on the significance level and p-value. Therefore, the correct answer is D.

Quiz 11: Analyzing Quantitative Data

On the basis of statistical findings,Becky determines that the difference between males and females on a test of abstract mathematical reasoning is merely due to chance.If,in fact,there are gender differences in the population,Becky will have made a:

Researchers do not want to make a Type II error,because if their study has an effect,they want to be able to find it.Thus,they make their studies as powerful as they can.Of the following,the best way to increase the power of a study is to:

On the basis of statistical findings,Ron determines that the differences between males and females on a test of spatial reasoning are not due merely to chance.If,in fact,there are no gender differences in the population,Ron will have made a:

When conducting a meta-analysis,a researcher will typically:

Seamus has determined that there is a 95% chance that the number of people visiting the Blarney Stone in the month of June will be between 1,760 and 2,025.This is:

Note several steps researchers can take to optimize the power of their statistical tests.

Statistical hypothesis testing involves testing the: