Question 1

Two-way communication differs from one-way communication in that
A) two-way communication involves a receiver; one-way does not.
B) two-way communication includes feedback; one-way does not.
C) two-way communication involves encoding a message; one-way does not.
D) two-way communication includes noise; one-way does not.

Accepted Answer

Two-way communication involves an exchange of messages between a sender and a receiver, with the receiver providing feedback to the sender. One-way communication involves only a sender transmitting a message to a receiver without receiving any feedback. Therefore, the key difference between the two is the presence of feedback in two-way communication, which is absent in one-way communication.

Question 2

Nonprogrammed decisions are most likely to be made by _____________-level managers.
A) first-line
B) middle
C) top

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decisions involve unique, complex, and unstructured problems that require judgment and creativity from top-level managers who have the authority and expertise to make them. First-line managers tend to make programmed decisions that are routine and follow established procedures. Middle managers often make a combination of programmed and nonprogrammed decisions.

Question 3

When selecting a food supplier, Jim Jones, the foodservice manager compared the dependability, price, and variety of products offered by three different suppliers. This illustrates which step in the decision-making process?
A) Defining the problem.
B) Evaluating alternatives.
C) Implementing the decision.
D) Evaluating the decision.

Accepted Answer

Comparing the dependability, price, and variety of products offered by three different suppliers is part of evaluating alternatives in the decision-making process.

Question 4

Groupthink
A) occurs when reaching an agreement becomes more important than finding the best decision.
B) is the tendency of groups to accept more risk than individual members would accept.
C) is a structured technique for generating innovative ideas.
D) is the desired goal by managers who use group decision-making techniques.

Accepted Answer

Groupthink occurs when the cohesion and desire for agreement within a group become more important than objectively evaluating all alternatives to make the best decision.

Question 5

_____________ is the use of eye contact during communication.
A) Chronemics
B) Proxemics
C) Oculesics
D) Olfactics

Accepted Answer

The use of eye contact during communication is known as oculesics. Chronemics refers to the study of time in communication, proxemics refers to the study of space in communication, and olfactics refers to the study of smell in communication.

Question 6

The fact that the word "dinner" may mean the noon meal to one individual and the evening meal to another is an example of
A) a barrier to communication.
B) noise in the communication process.
C) improper encoding of a message.
D) ineffective decoding of a message.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that the word "dinner" may...

Question 7

The longer the time into the future that a decision is being made for
A) the greater the degree of certainty in the decision.
B) the greater the degree of risk in the decision.
C) the greater the degree of knowledge of the manager about the situation.
D) the greater the degree of programmability of the decision.

Accepted Answer

The longer the time into the future that a decision is being made for, the greater the degree of uncertainty and unpredictability in the decision. This increases the degree of risk involved in the decision. Therefore, option B is the correct option. Options A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the relationship between decision-making and time into the future.

Question 8

The decision-making technique that involves graphically displaying alternatives considered in a decision and the outcomes expected as a result is termed a
A) PERT chart.
B) CPM chart.
C) Decision Network Chart.
D) Decision Tree.

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the question is the decision tree, which is a graphic display of possible decisions and their consequences. PERT (A) and CPM (B) charts are project management tools that illustrate the sequencing of tasks involved in completing a project. Decision Network Chart (C) is not a commonly used decision-making technique.

Question 9

Identifying the worst possible outcomes for each alternative in the decision-making process is referred to as the
A) optimistic approach.
B) risk averting approach.
C) pessimistic approach.
D) satisficing approach.

Accepted Answer

The pessimistic approach involves considering the worst-case scenario for each alternative to make a decision.

Question 10

The use of the symbols :-) to indicate a sense of happiness is an example of an
A) acronym.
B) emoticon.
C) icon.
D) chromatic.

Accepted Answer

The use of :-) is an example of an emoticon, a combination of keyboard characters used to represent emotions or facial expressions in written communication.

Question 11

The decision-making technique used to examine ways to reduce the amount of time people wait in line is termed
A) queuing theory.
B) game theory.
C) linear programming.
D) PERT charting.

Accepted Answer

Queuing theory is specifically designed to study waiting lines and the factors that influence them. It involves analyzing the behavior and characteristics of queues, including the arrival rate, service rate, capacity, and waiting time. By using queuing theory, decision-makers can identify bottlenecks, allocate resources, and determine the most efficient way to reduce waiting times. The other techniques listed do not have a primary focus on analyzing and improving waiting times.

Question 12

The communication between management and union representatives to finalize a collective bargaining agreement is an example of
A) delphi group interaction.
B) negotiation.
C) upward communication.
D) downward communication.

Accepted Answer

The process of finalizing a collective bargaining agreement involves negotiation between management and union representatives. Delphi group interaction typically involves a group of experts providing input and feedback on a specific topic or issue, and does not necessarily involve bargaining. Upward communication refers to communication from lower-level employees to higher-level management, while downward communication refers to communication from higher-level management to lower-level employees, neither of which accurately describes the bargaining process.

Question 13

The critical path in a PERT diagram is the one that
A) has the most activities on it.
B) takes the longest amount of time.
C) is the most likely to occur.
D) has activities that can be delayed and not impact the completion date of the project.

Accepted Answer

The critical path in a PERT diagram is the one that takes the longest amount of time. It is the sequence of activities that must be completed on time in order for the project to be completed by its deadline. If any activity on the critical path is delayed, the entire project will be delayed.

Question 14

The acculturation process when individuals are absorbed in a new culture and withdraw from their former culture is termed
A) assimilation.
B) integration.
C) separation.
D) deculturation.

Accepted Answer

Assimilation refers to the process of individuals fully adopting the values, norms, and behaviors of a new culture, while withdrawing from their original culture. Integration involves maintaining ties to one's original culture while also learning and adapting to the new culture. Separation involves maintaining ties and exclusively identifying with one's original culture, while avoiding or rejecting the new culture. Deculturation refers to the loss or decline of culture, rather than a process of adjustment or adaptation to a new culture.

Question 15

When a manager makes a "satisficing" decision they have made
A) the optimal decision.
B) an acceptable but not optimal decision.
C) an unacceptable and inappropriate decision.

Accepted Answer

A satisficing decision is one that is deemed acceptable or sufficient, even if it is not the optimal or best decision. Therefore, the manager has made an acceptable but not optimal decision.

Question 16

Which of the following would be an example of a strategic move to help shift from a blocked negotiation to a constructive dialog?
A) limiting discussion of ideas to negotiation sessions only.
B) identifying clearly the costs of change to the proposed state
C) finding ways to help participants save face.
D) presenting ideas in very direct yet succinct ways.
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Accepted Answer

Finding ways to help participants save face can be a strategic move to help shift from a blocked negotiation to a constructive dialog. It can help to avoid any personal attacks or offensive language that might have triggered the resistance or blocking of the negotiation, making the participants feel more comfortable and more likely to engage in a productive discussion.

Question 17

When managers make a decision under conditions of uncertainty, they
A) have adequate information to assure results.
B) are faced with the possibility that several outcomes may occur.
C) often use probability techniques to evaluate alternatives.
D) have to use their experience, judgment, and intuition to narrow the range of choices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When managers make a decision under conditions...

Question 18

One technique to improve communication would be to use
A) one-way communication.
B) only one channel of communication.
C) limited repetition.
D) face-to-face communication.

Accepted Answer

Face-to-face communication allows for the exchange of both verbal and nonverbal cues, which can improve understanding and clarify any confusion. It also fosters a more personal connection and allows for immediate feedback and resolution of any issues. Using other channels of communication, such as email or phone, can lead to misinterpretation and miscommunication.

Question 19

Group decision making is more likely to be used for
A) programmed decisions.
B) decisions with a higher degree of certainty.
C) nonprogrammed decisions.
D) decisions with minimal risk.

Accepted Answer

Group decision making is more effective and beneficial for nonprogrammed decisions that require creativity, innovation, and complex problem-solving skills. These decisions involve a higher level of uncertainty, ambiguity, and risk. In such situations, group members can pool their knowledge, skills, and diverse perspectives to generate multiple alternatives and evaluate their pros and cons. This helps to reduce biases, errors, and incomplete information that may affect individual decisions. Programmed decisions are routine, repetitive, and can be easily automated or delegated to one person. They do not require much discussion or debate. Similarly, decisions with a higher degree of certainty or minimal risk may not need collective input or scrutiny because the decision-making criteria are clear and well-known.

Question 20

Deciding where to open a new restaurant would be considered a(n) _____________ type of decision.
A) programmed
B) input
C) transformation
D) nonprogrammed

Accepted Answer

Opening a new restaurant involves a unique set of factors such as location, demographic, competition, market trends, and customer preferences, thereby making it a nonprogrammed type of decision.

Quiz 11: Decision Making, Communication, and Balance

Two-way communication differs from one-way communication in that

Nonprogrammed decisions are most likely to be made by _____________-level managers.

When selecting a food supplier, Jim Jones, the foodservice manager compared the dependability, price, and variety of products offered by three different suppliers. This illustrates which step in the decision-making process?

Groupthink

_____________ is the use of eye contact during communication.

The fact that the word "dinner" may mean the noon meal to one individual and the evening meal to another is an example of

The longer the time into the future that a decision is being made for

The decision-making technique that involves graphically displaying alternatives considered in a decision and the outcomes expected as a result is termed a

Identifying the worst possible outcomes for each alternative in the decision-making process is referred to as the

The use of the symbols :-) to indicate a sense of happiness is an example of an

The decision-making technique used to examine ways to reduce the amount of time people wait in line is termed

The communication between management and union representatives to finalize a collective bargaining agreement is an example of

The critical path in a PERT diagram is the one that

The acculturation process when individuals are absorbed in a new culture and withdraw from their former culture is termed

When a manager makes a "satisficing" decision they have made

Which of the following would be an example of a strategic move to help shift from a blocked negotiation to a constructive dialog?

When managers make a decision under conditions of uncertainty, they

One technique to improve communication would be to use

Group decision making is more likely to be used for

Deciding where to open a new restaurant would be considered a(n) _____________ type of decision.