Of the following, which is most likely to be an independent variable in a causal-comparative study?
A) Discipline referrals
B) Attitudes about science
C) Country of origin
D) SAT scores

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Country of origin is the most likely independent variable in a causal-comparative study because it is a variable that cannot be manipulated by the researcher and may potentially have a causal relationship with the dependent variable of interest (e.g. academic achievement). Discipline referrals and SAT scores can be influenced by other factors, such as school policies or individual differences, and attitudes about science may not have a direct causal relationship with academic achievement.

Of the Following, Which Is Most Likely to Be an Independent