Question 1

How many chromosomes from each pair of chromosomes are generally inherited from the father?

Accepted Answer

Humans inherit one chromosome from each pair of chromosomes from each parent, making it one chromosome per pair from the father.

Question 2

The human body contains how many chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

The human body contains 46 chromosomes. During fertilization, a haploid sperm cell fuses with a haploid egg cell to form a diploid zygote with 46 chromosomes – 23 from the mother and 23 from the father.

Question 3

Jill's mother was an All-American in the 1500m and qualified for the Olympic team in the marathon.Jill is a freshman in high school and does not think that she will need to train to become a member of the school's cross country team.Jill keeps telling you that her mother was a great runner,so she will also be a great runner.What do you think?

Accepted Answer

The fact that Jill's mother was a great runner does not guarantee that Jill will also be a great runner. While genetics plays a role in athletic ability, it is not the only factor. Jill will need to train to become a great runner, even if she has the genotype for running ability. The statement about Jill inheriting genes for superior intelligence is irrelevant to her running ability.

Question 4

An individual's complete genetic makeup is his or her ____.

Accepted Answer

An individual's complete genetic makeup is referred to as their genotype, which includes all the genes they inherit from their parents. Phenotype refers to the observable traits that result from the interaction between an individual's genotype and their environment. Alleles are variations of genes, and reaction range refers to the range of potential outcomes for a trait based on an individual's genotype and their environment.

Question 5

According to the text,chromosomes are composed of complex molecules known as _____.

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are composed of DNA, a complex molecule made up of nucleotides. Genes are segments of DNA that provide instructions for making proteins, and RNA is a type of nucleic acid that helps to carry out those instructions in the cell.

Question 6

A person's characteristics are known as his or her ____.

Accepted Answer

Phenotype refers to observable traits or characteristics of an individual, such as their physical appearance, behavior, and physiological functions. Genotype refers to an individual's genetic makeup or the set of instructions encoded in their DNA. Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain genetic material. DNA is the molecule that carries genetic information and instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. While all of these terms are related to an individual's characteristics to some extent, phenotype is the most directly linked to observable traits.

Question 7

The difference between an individual's genotype and its expression in his or her phenotype is a consequence of the person's ____.

Accepted Answer

The phenotype of an individual is the result of the interaction between their genetics (genotype) and their environment. This includes both internal factors, such as hormones and metabolism, as well as external factors, such as nutrition and exposure to toxins. Therefore, the difference between an individual's genotype and its expression in their phenotype is largely due to environmental influences.

Question 8

The totality of an individual's genes is referred to as his or her ____.

Accepted Answer

The totality of an individual's genes is referred to as his or her genotype. Phenotype refers to the traits or characteristics that are expressed as a result of both genetic and environmental factors, while inheritance refers to the passing down of genes from parents to offspring. Environment refers to all external factors that can influence an individual's development and traits.

Question 9

The average human cell has ____ chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

The average human cell has 46 chromosomes (23 pairs).

Question 10

The characteristics of an individual's genetic material are referred to as his or her _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The characteristics of an individual's genetic material...

Question 11

Fred was born into a family with high musical talent.Both of his parents were professional musicians who encouraged and fostered his musical development.Throughout childhood,he practiced the guitar whenever he could and eventually became a professional musician himself.Which of the following best describes Fred's genotype?

Accepted Answer

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual. Fred's musical genes would be part of his genotype, as they are inherited genetic traits.

Question 12

How many nucleotide pairs comprise the human genome?

Accepted Answer

The human genome is estimated to contain around 3 billion nucleotide pairs.

Question 13

Chromosomes are composed of complex molecules known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are composed of DNA, which is a complex molecule made up of nucleotide pairs. The DNA molecules contain genetic information and determine the traits and characteristics of an individual. Dominant and recessive traits refer to how certain genetic information is expressed, but they are not the primary molecules that make up chromosomes.

Question 14

Chromosomes are organized into segments called ____.

Accepted Answer

Chromosomes are made up of genes, which are segments of DNA that code for specific traits. Therefore, the correct answer is C) genes. A) DNA and D) nucleotides refer to the building blocks of DNA, while B) RNA is a different type of nucleic acid that is involved in protein synthesis.

Question 15

Alejandro was born into a family with high musical talent.Both of his parents were professional musicians who encouraged and fostered his musical development.Throughout childhood,he practiced the guitar whenever he could and eventually became a professional musician himself.Which of the following best describes Alejandro's phenotype?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alejandro was born into a family with...

Question 16

Approximately how many genes comprise the human genome?

Accepted Answer

The human genome is estimated to contain around 23,000 genes. This number has been revised over time as new research and analysis techniques have become available. Initially, it was thought that humans may have as many as 100,000 genes, but further exploration has revealed that the true number is much lower.

Question 17

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

Accepted Answer

Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, totaling 46 chromosomes. Each parent contributes one chromosome to each pair.

Question 18

Genes contain ____.

Accepted Answer

Genes contain nucleotides, which are the building blocks of DNA. Proteins are made from sequences of nucleotides in DNA, but they are not contained within the genes themselves. Fatty cells are a type of cell in the body, but they are not contained within genes. Chromosomes are structures within the cell that contain genes, but they are not contained within the genes themselves.

Question 19

Genes contain paired sequences of chemicals called ____.

Accepted Answer

Genes are segments of DNA, which is a polymer made up of nucleotides. These nucleotides are the paired sequences of chemicals that make up the structure of DNA and thus genes.

Question 20

A person's ____ is / are their genetic makeup,whereas a person's ____ is / are their characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an individual, while phenotype refers to their observable traits or characteristics. Nucleotides and DNA are both components of genetic material, but neither term captures the distinction between genotype and phenotype. Therefore, B is the best choice.

Quiz 2: Genetics and Prenatal Development