Question 1

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid,and will cause the cell to ______________.

Accepted Answer

In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes is higher than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid. This means water will move from an area of low solute concentration (inside the cell) to an area of high solute concentration (the solution), causing the cell to shrink.

Question 2

What organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break down the cell's components, leading to programmed cell death.

Question 3

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Accepted Answer

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, so if they were destroyed, the function of protein synthesis would immediately cease.

Question 4

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell.The carrier protein is a(n)__________ and the process is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

Sodium and glucose are transported together into the intestinal cell, which means they are moving in the same direction across the membrane. This type of transport is called symport. Additionally, since both molecules are moving into the cell, it is considered cotransport. Therefore, the correct answer is A) symport; cotransport.

Question 5

Among other functions,hepatocytes (liver cells)are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.Hepatocytes have large amounts of __________.

Accepted Answer

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for detoxifying drugs and other chemicals in liver cells, so hepatocytes have large amounts of it. DNA is found in all cells, microtubules are involved in cell division and movement, cilia are found in certain types of cells for movement, and centrioles are involved in cell division. However, none of these are specifically related to detoxification as is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 6

Which of these is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Active transport is the movement of molecules or ions against their concentration gradient, requiring energy in the form of ATP. In this case, the transport of Na⁺ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration is an example of active transport.

Question 7

Cellular membranes are permeable to _________,but impermeable to ___________.

Accepted Answer

Cellular membranes are permeable to nutrients like glucose, amino acids, and ions, which are essential for cellular processes. However, they are impermeable to proteins, which are large molecules that cannot pass through the lipid bilayer. This selective permeability is necessary for maintaining homeostasis within the cell.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis, a process by which cells take in substances from the outside by engulfing them in a vesicle. It does not involve particles leaving a cell, unlike the other options listed.

Question 9

Muscle cells contain numerous __________ to serve their high demand for ATP.

Accepted Answer

Muscle cells require a lot of ATP to contract, and the process of ATP production occurs primarily in the mitochondria. Therefore, muscle cells contain large numbers of mitochondria to meet their energy demands.

Question 10

The sodium-potassium (Na⁺-K⁺)pump transports both sodium and potassium __________ their concentration gradients in a process called ____________.

Accepted Answer

The Na⁺-K⁺ pump transports both sodium and potassium up their concentration gradients, which is an example of active transport.

Question 11

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.

Accepted Answer

White blood cells use phagocytosis to engulf and destroy bacteria. Phagocytosis is a process of engulfing large particles or entire cells by surrounding them with a portion of the cell membrane, which forms a vacuole called a phagosome. The phagosome fuses with lysosomes, and the contents are digested by lysosomal enzymes. Cotransport, pinocytosis, active transport, and receptor-mediated endocytosis are not involved in bacterial engulfment by white blood cells.

Question 12

The term _____________ refers to a membrane that allows some things to pass through it,but not others.

Accepted Answer

The term "selectively permeable" refers to a membrane that allows certain substances to pass through it while restricting others. This property is essential for maintaining a functional cell membrane, as it helps to regulate the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 13

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its ____________.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its __________.

Accepted Answer

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its osmolarity, while the ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its tonicity. Therefore, the best choice is C - osmolarity and tonicity.

Question 14

Which of these brings nonspecific material into a cell?

Accepted Answer

Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis that brings in nonspecific material such as fluids and dissolved solutes into the cell. Phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are more specific in their uptake of materials, while transcytosis and exocytosis involve the movement of materials out of the cell.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a function of the Na⁺-K⁺ pump?

Accepted Answer

The Na⁺-K⁺ pump transports Na⁺ out of the cell and K⁺ into the cell, not the other way around.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a membranous organelle?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome is not a membranous organelle. It is a cellular structure composed of RNA and protein and is responsible for protein synthesis.

Question 17

Insulin is taken up,via endocytosis,by the endothelial cells that line blood capillaries.Then,it's transported across the cell to the other side,where it is released.This transport is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The described process involves the uptake of insulin by endocytosis and its transport across the cell to the other side for release. This is known as transcytosis, which involves the transport of molecules by vesicles across a cell. The other choices do not accurately describe this process.

Question 18

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common?

Accepted Answer

Both facilitated diffusion and active transport involve carrier proteins that aid in the transport of molecules across a membrane. Facilitated diffusion moves molecules down their concentration gradient, while active transport moves them against their concentration gradient with the use of energy. However, both processes require carrier proteins to bind to and transport the molecules across the membrane.

Question 19

A patient was severely dehydrated,losing a large amount of fluid.The patient was given intravenous fluids of normal saline.Normal saline is ________ to your blood cells and is about __________ NaCl.

Accepted Answer

Normal saline is isotonic to blood cells, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as the inside of your cells, and it is made up of 0.9% NaCl (sodium chloride). This helps to replenish lost fluids in a dehydrated patient without causing adverse effects on the balance of electrolytes in their blood.

Question 20

Which of the following processes could occur only through a cellular membrane?

Accepted Answer

Active transport requires energy and can only occur through a cellular membrane.

Quiz 3: Cellular Form and Function

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid,and will cause the cell to ____.

What organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell.The carrier protein is a(n) and the process is called __.

Among other functions,hepatocytes (liver cells) are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.Hepatocytes have large amounts of __________.

Which of these is an example of active transport?

Cellular membranes are permeable to _,but impermeable to ___.

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Muscle cells contain numerous __________ to serve their high demand for ATP.

The sodium-potassium (Na⁺-K⁺) pump transports both sodium and potassium their concentration gradients in a process called __.

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.

The term _____________ refers to a membrane that allows some things to pass through it,but not others.

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its __.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its .

Which of these brings nonspecific material into a cell?

Which of the following is not a function of the Na⁺-K⁺ pump?

Which of the following is not a membranous organelle?

Insulin is taken up,via endocytosis,by the endothelial cells that line blood capillaries.Then,it's transported across the cell to the other side,where it is released.This transport is called __________.

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common?

A patient was severely dehydrated,losing a large amount of fluid.The patient was given intravenous fluids of normal saline.Normal saline is to your blood cells and is about __ NaCl.

Which of the following processes could occur only through a cellular membrane?

Quiz 3: Cellular Form and Function

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid,and will cause the cell to ______________.

What organelle is most active in causing programmed cell death?

What function would immediately cease if the ribosomes of a cell were destroyed?

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell.The carrier protein is a(n) __________ and the process is called ____________.

Among other functions,hepatocytes (liver cells) are specialized for detoxifying drugs or other chemicals.Hepatocytes have large amounts of __________.

Which of these is an example of active transport?

Cellular membranes are permeable to _________,but impermeable to ___________.

Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?

Muscle cells contain numerous __________ to serve their high demand for ATP.

The sodium-potassium (Na+-K+) pump transports both sodium and potassium __________ their concentration gradients in a process called ____________.

White blood cells engulf bacteria by means of __________.

The term _____________ refers to a membrane that allows some things to pass through it,but not others.

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its ____________.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its __________.

Which of these brings nonspecific material into a cell?

Which of the following is not a function of the Na+-K+ pump?

Which of the following is not a membranous organelle?

Insulin is taken up,via endocytosis,by the endothelial cells that line blood capillaries.Then,it's transported across the cell to the other side,where it is released.This transport is called __________.

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common?

A patient was severely dehydrated,losing a large amount of fluid.The patient was given intravenous fluids of normal saline.Normal saline is ________ to your blood cells and is about __________ NaCl.

Which of the following processes could occur only through a cellular membrane?

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution.This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid,and will cause the cell to ____.

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell.The carrier protein is a(n) and the process is called __.

Cellular membranes are permeable to _,but impermeable to ___.

The sodium-potassium (Na⁺-K⁺) pump transports both sodium and potassium their concentration gradients in a process called __.

The number of particles of a solute in a solution is described by its __.The ability of a solution to affect the fluid volume in a cell is referred to as its .

Which of the following is not a function of the Na⁺-K⁺ pump?

A patient was severely dehydrated,losing a large amount of fluid.The patient was given intravenous fluids of normal saline.Normal saline is to your blood cells and is about __ NaCl.