Question 1

The part of a tooth that anchors a tooth in its socket is the:
A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Accepted Answer

The periodontal membrane is a connective tissue that attaches the tooth to the bone of the jaw and helps to anchor it in its socket. Enamel is the hard, outer coating of a tooth, pulp cavity is the space within a tooth that contains nerves and blood vessels, and dentine is the softer material that lies beneath the enamel and surrounds the pulp cavity.

Question 2

The mucosa of the alimentary tube is responsible for:
A)secretion of enzymes and mucus
B)absorption
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for most of peristalsis

Accepted Answer

The mucosa of the alimentary tube is responsible for both secretion of enzymes and mucus as well as absorption. They are responsible for most of the peristalsis as well. Therefore, both options A and B are correct.

Question 3

Which of these is NOT a function of the tongue?
A)digestion of starch
B)chewing
C)taste
D)swallowing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these is NOT a function...

Question 4

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Meissner's plexus to regulate secretions is the:
A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Accepted Answer

The submucosa layer contains Meissner's plexus, which regulates secretions, and is located between the mucosa and external muscle layer. The mucosa layer is responsible for absorption and secretion, while the external muscle layer is responsible for motility. The mesentery is a thin membrane that attaches the intestines to the abdominal wall.

Question 5

The facial and glossopharyngeal cranial nerves are important for:
A)the sense of taste
B)secretion of saliva
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for movement of the tongue

Accepted Answer

The facial and glossopharyngeal cranial nerves are both involved in the sense of taste and secretion of saliva. However, only the glossopharyngeal nerve is involved in the movement of the tongue.

Question 6

The part of a tooth that provides a hard chewing surface is the:
A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Accepted Answer

Enamel is the hard and translucent outer layer of the tooth that covers the crown and provides a hard chewing surface. The pulp cavity contains nerves and blood vessels, while the periodontal membrane is a connective tissue that surrounds the tooth and attaches it to the jawbone. Dentine is a hard tissue underneath the enamel that forms the main structure of the tooth.

Question 7

The layer of the alimentary tube that produces digestive secretions is the:
A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Accepted Answer

The mucosa layer of the alimentary tube is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes and mucus to aid in the digestion process.

Question 8

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Auerbach's plexus is the:
A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)serosa

Accepted Answer

Auerbach's plexus, also known as the myenteric plexus, is located in the external muscle layer of the alimentary tube, where it plays a crucial role in regulating gastrointestinal motility.

Question 9

Which of these cranial nerves is NOT paired with its correct function?
A)hypoglossal - movement of the tongue
B)facial - taste
C)glossopharyngeal - secretion of saliva
D)facial - sensation in teeth

Accepted Answer

The facial nerve is responsible for taste, but not for sensation in teeth. The correct pairing for this function is the trigeminal nerve.

Question 10

The external muscle layer of the alimentary tube is responsible for:
A)peristalsis
B)mechanical digestion
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and for some chemical digestion

Accepted Answer

The external muscle layer of the alimentary tube, also known as the muscularis externa, is responsible for both peristalsis (a form of mechanical digestion) and mechanical digestion (breaking down food into smaller pieces).

Question 11

The hormone that decreases peristalsis is:
A)gastrin
B)secretin
C)cholecystokinin
D)epinephrine

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone that can decrease peristalsis as part of the body's fight or flight response. It diverts blood away from the gastrointestinal tract and reduces digestive activity to prioritize other bodily functions necessary for immediate action.

Question 12

Which statement is NOT true of the teeth?
A)The pulp cavity contains blood vessels and branches of the trigeminal nerve.
B)A complete set of permanent teeth numbers 32.
C)A hard chewing surface is provided by dentine,which is similar to bone.
D)The teeth are found in sockets in the mandible and maxillae.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is NOT true of the...

Question 13

Backup of food from the stomach to the esophagus is prevented by the:
A)upper esophageal sphincter
B)lower esophageal sphincter
C)gastric sphincter
D)pyloric sphincter

Accepted Answer

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) is the muscle at the junction of the esophagus and stomach that prevents the backflow of food and acid from the stomach into the esophagus, thereby preventing heartburn and acid reflux. The upper esophageal sphincter (UES) is located at the upper end of the esophagus but does not prevent reflux. The gastric sphincter and pyloric sphincter are located within the stomach and control the flow of food into the small intestine, but are not responsible for preventing reflux.

Question 14

The part of a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves is the:
A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Accepted Answer

The pulp cavity contains the blood vessels and nerves of the tooth. The enamel is the hard outer layer of the tooth, the periodontal membrane is the connective tissue that attaches the tooth to the jawbone, and dentin is the layer of tissue beneath the enamel and surrounding the pulp cavity.

Question 15

Which statement is NOT true of swallowing?
A)The pharynx contracts and propels food into the esophagus.
B)The tongue pushes the food toward the pharynx.
C)Peristalsis of the esophagus propels food toward the stomach.
D)The epiglottis is elevated to cover the nasopharynx.

Accepted Answer

The epiglottis is actually depressed to cover the opening of the larynx, preventing food or liquids from entering the trachea and lungs.

Question 16

The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes:
A)as part of the swallowing reflex
B)as soon as swallowed food has reached the stomach
C)most of the time while the stomach is contracting
D)whenever swallowing is not taking place

Accepted Answer

The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes as part of the swallowing reflex, which allows food to enter the stomach.

Question 17

The layer of the alimentary tube that is responsible for peristalsis is the:
A)mucosa
B)submucosa
C)external muscle layer
D)mesentery

Accepted Answer

The external muscle layer, also known as the muscularis externa, is responsible for peristalsis - the wave-like contraction and relaxation that moves food down the digestive tract. The mucosa and submucosa layers are involved in secretion and absorption, respectively. The mesentery is a fold of tissue that supports and anchors the intestines to the abdominal wall, and is not directly involved in peristalsis.

Question 18

The part of a tooth that forms the roots of a tooth is the:
A)enamel
B)pulp cavity
C)periodontal membrane
D)dentine

Accepted Answer

Dentine forms the bulk of the tooth and extends almost the entire length of the tooth, forming the structure around the pulp cavity and making up the main part of the roots.

Question 19

The trigeminal pair of cranial nerves is important for:
A)movement of the tongue
B)sensation in teeth
C)swallowing
D)all of these

Accepted Answer

The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) is primarily responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is not involved in movement of the tongue or swallowing. Sensation in teeth is one of its functions.

Question 20

The function of the lower esophageal sphincter is to:
A)contract to permit food to enter the stomach
B)relax to prevent backup of food from the esophagus
C)relax to prevent backup of food into the esophagus
D)contract to prevent backup of food into the esophagus

Accepted Answer

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) contracts to prevent the backup of food and stomach acid into the esophagus, thus protecting the esophageal lining from damage.

Quiz 17:The Digestive System-Part C

The part of a tooth that anchors a tooth in its socket is the:

The mucosa of the alimentary tube is responsible for:

Which of these is NOT a function of the tongue?

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Meissner's plexus to regulate secretions is the:

The facial and glossopharyngeal cranial nerves are important for:

The part of a tooth that provides a hard chewing surface is the:

The layer of the alimentary tube that produces digestive secretions is the:

The layer of the alimentary tube that contains Auerbach's plexus is the:

Which of these cranial nerves is NOT paired with its correct function?

The external muscle layer of the alimentary tube is responsible for:

The hormone that decreases peristalsis is:

Which statement is NOT true of the teeth?

Backup of food from the stomach to the esophagus is prevented by the:

The part of a tooth that contains blood vessels and nerves is the:

Which statement is NOT true of swallowing?

The lower esophageal sphincter relaxes:

The layer of the alimentary tube that is responsible for peristalsis is the:

The part of a tooth that forms the roots of a tooth is the:

The trigeminal pair of cranial nerves is important for:

The function of the lower esophageal sphincter is to: