Question 1

What model does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employ?
A)Diagnostic
B)Functional
C)Categorical
D)Rehabilitative

Accepted Answer

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employs a functional model. This means individuals with disabilities are not required to fit within a specific category or diagnosis, but instead are evaluated based on how their disability impacts their ability to access education or other programs and services.

Question 2

Select the public law that was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families.
A)PL 90-112
B)PL 94-142
C)PL 98-192
D)PL 94-132

Accepted Answer

PL 94-142, also known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families. It established their right to a free, appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment and provided for individualized education plans and due process rights.

Question 3

What is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability?
A)Request for assistance
B)Referral
C)Eligibility determination
D)Manifestation determination

Accepted Answer

A referral is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability. It is the first step in the special education process. A request for assistance is a less formal ask for help, and eligibility determination refers to the final decision made by the team after completing evaluations. A manifestation determination is a different process altogether that is used to determine whether a student's behavior is a result of their disability.

Question 4

Select the measure of emphasis used to determine a schools progress of meeting mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act?
A)Standardized tests
B)Semester grades
C)Class averages
D)Benchmark scores

Accepted Answer

The No Child Left Behind Act emphasizes the importance of standardized testing as a measure of student achievement and school progress in meeting educational mandates. Therefore, the measure of emphasis used to determine a school's progress in meeting these mandates would also be standardized tests.

Question 5

Standardized tests linked to intra-individual differences are called.
A)Criterion-referenced tests
B)Norm-referenced tests
C)Curriculum-based measurements
D)Mastery-based assessments

Accepted Answer

Criterion-referenced tests measure a student's mastery of specific curriculum objectives or learning standards, rather than comparing their performance to a norm group. This allows for the identification of intra-individual differences in a student's knowledge or skills.

Question 6

When must an individualized education program be developed following the determination of a disability?
A)14 days
B)30 days
C)60 days
D)90 days

Accepted Answer

An individualized education program (IEP) must be developed within 30 days following the determination that a child needs special education and related services.

Question 7

The achievement of which students are the focus of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act?
A)Students with Disabilities
B)Students without Disabilities
C)All Students
D)Preschool Students

Accepted Answer

The NCLB Act focuses on the achievement of all students, regardless of disabilities or preschool status. Its goal is to ensure that no student is left behind in terms of academic progress and achievement.

Question 8

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support which population?
A)High school students
B)Middle school students
C)Elementary students
D)Children ages birth - 5 years of age

Accepted Answer

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support children ages birth - 5 years of age, specifically those with disabilities and developmental delays. This includes early intervention services and family support.

Question 9

What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to age 2 who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?
A)Individualized Education Program
B)Individualized Assistance Plan
C)Educational Assistance Plan
D)Individualized Family Service Plan

Accepted Answer

Students ages birth to age 2 who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay are covered by an Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP). The other options listed are plans developed for students in the K-12 educational system.

Question 10

What did PL 101-476 rename PL 94-142?
A)No Child Left Behind
B)Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
C)Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
D)Americans with Disabilities Act

Accepted Answer

PL 101-476 renamed PL 94-142 as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

Question 11

Select the first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability.
A)Collect preliminary assessment data using standardized protocols
B)Secure parent permission for student evaluation
C)Implement instruction in alternate educational settings to assess learning impact
D)Provide accommodations and modifications to assess learning impact

Accepted Answer

The first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability is to secure parent permission for student evaluation. This is necessary to ensure that the student's rights and privacy are protected, and that the evaluation process follows legal requirements. Once permission is obtained, the school can then collect preliminary assessment data using standardized protocols, implement instruction in alternate educational settings to assess learning impact, and provide accommodations and modifications to assess learning impact.

Question 12

What is the IDEA mandated process of screening and identification of individuals suspected of having a disability?
A)Brigance
B)Child Seek
C)Child Find
D)SCOPE

Accepted Answer

The IDEA mandated process of screening and identification of individuals suspected of having a disability is known as Child Find. This process requires that schools actively seek out and evaluate students who may have a disability, including those who may be currently receiving services or who may be in need of services. Child Find includes a variety of measures, including vision and hearing screenings, developmental assessments, and evaluations of academic performance. The goal of Child Find is to identify students with disabilities as early as possible so that they can receive appropriate services and support. Brigance, Child Seek, and SCOPE are not terms commonly used in IDEA mandated processes of screening and identification.

Question 13

How long does a parent have to file a due process complaint about educational factors?
A)1 year
B)2 years
C)5 years
D)10 years

Accepted Answer

Parents generally have 2 years to file a due process complaint regarding educational factors under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

Question 14

Which amendment includes the equal protection clause?
A)First Amendment
B)Fourth Amendment
C)Eleventh Amendment
D)Fourteenth Amendment

Accepted Answer

The equal protection clause is included in the Fourteenth Amendment, which was ratified in 1868 and states that "No State shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." This clause has been used to challenge discrimination on the basis of race, gender, and other characteristics in various realms, including education, employment, and voting.

Question 15

Standardized tests linked to interindividual differences are called.
A)Criterion-referenced tests
B)Norm-referenced tests
C)Curriculum-based measurements
D)Mastery-based assessments

Accepted Answer

Norm-referenced tests compare an individual's score to the scores of a norm group, usually a large representative sample of individuals who have previously taken the test. These tests are designed to determine an individual's relative standing in comparison to others in the norm group, so they are linked to interindividual differences. Criterion-referenced tests measure an individual's mastery of a specific skill or knowledge, and mastery-based assessments measure an individual's achievement of clearly defined learning goals. Curriculum-based measurements assess students' progress in a specific curriculum area.

Question 16

What landmark case declared segregation unlawful and laid the groundwork for increasing educational access for students with disabilities?
A)Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
B)Smith v. Board of Education of Philadelphia
C)Diana v. State Board of Education
D)Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Accepted Answer

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka declared segregation unlawful and set a precedent for increased access to education for all students, regardless of race or disability. While the other cases listed may have also contributed to educational access for students with disabilities, they did not have the same widespread impact as Brown v. Board of Education.

Question 17

What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an alternative to the discrepancy model?
A)Child Find
B)Response to Intervention
C)Mainstreaming
D)Least Restrictive Environment

Accepted Answer

IDEA 2004 provided Response to Intervention (RTI) as an alternative to the discrepancy model for identifying students with a disability. RTI is a multi-tiered approach to providing academic and behavioral support to students in the general education classroom while monitoring progress. It uses data-based decision-making to determine if a student needs special education services. Choice A (Child Find) is a requirement under IDEA that schools identify, locate, and evaluate all children with disabilities who may need special education services, regardless of whether or not they are currently receiving services. Choices C and D (Mainstreaming and Least Restrictive Environment) refer to placement options under IDEA, but are not related to the process of identifying students with a disability.

Question 18

What philosophy supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the parent/guardian?
A)Equal opportunity
B)Integration
C)Least Restrictive Environment
D)Zero reject

Accepted Answer

The philosophy that supports providing education to children with disabilities regardless of the severity of their disabilities at no cost to the parent/guardian is known as the "zero reject" philosophy. This philosophy is based on the belief that no child with a disability should be denied an education, and that schools have a responsibility to ensure that every child receives an appropriate education.

Question 19

PL 101-476 identified what disability/disabilities as distinct categories?
A)Traumatic brain injury
B)Autism
C)All of the above
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

PL 101-476, also known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), identified both traumatic brain injury and autism as distinct categories under the umbrella of disabilities.

Question 20

What should occur before initiating a referral for special education services?
A)9 weeks from the first recognition of a potential disability
B)Provision of accommodations and modifications
C)Related service provision
D)Prereferral interventions

Accepted Answer

Before initiating a referral for special education services, it is important to try and implement some prereferral interventions such as providing additional accommodations and modifications, implementing evidence-based interventions, and observation to ensure that the issue is not temporary or due to inadequate instruction. This ensures that the referral process is well-informed and the student actually needs special education services.

Quiz 2: Policies, Practices, and Programs

What model does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employ?

Select the public law that was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families.

What is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability?

Select the measure of emphasis used to determine a schools progress of meeting mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act?

Standardized tests linked to intra-individual differences are called.

When must an individualized education program be developed following the determination of a disability?

The achievement of which students are the focus of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act?

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support which population?

What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to age 2 who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?

What did PL 101-476 rename PL 94-142?

Select the first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability.

What is the IDEA mandated process of screening and identification of individuals suspected of having a disability?

How long does a parent have to file a due process complaint about educational factors?

Which amendment includes the equal protection clause?

Standardized tests linked to interindividual differences are called.

What landmark case declared segregation unlawful and laid the groundwork for increasing educational access for students with disabilities?

What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an alternative to the discrepancy model?

What philosophy supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the parent/guardian?

PL 101-476 identified what disability/disabilities as distinct categories?

What should occur before initiating a referral for special education services?