Question 1

The nurse is planning a presentation to a community group on diabetes mellitus. The nurse should include information about which possible etiology for type 1 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes is generally considered to be an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system mistakenly targets and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

Question 2

The nurse is teaching a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes about the required diet for managing the disorder. Which information should the nurse include?

Accepted Answer

Selecting carbohydrates such as whole grains or legumes can help stabilize blood sugar levels in patients with type 1 diabetes. Consuming alcohol should be limited or avoided altogether. Eating whenever you feel hungry can lead to overeating and difficulty in managing blood sugar levels. Restricting carbohydrates too severely can be dangerous for patients with type 1 diabetes as it can lead to hypoglycemia.

Question 3

A patient has been prescribed metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Which teaching would the nurse provide?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Metformin can interact with radiocontrast dye, increasing the risk of lactic acidosis, so patients should inform healthcare providers. Mild gastrointestinal upset is a common side effect when starting metformin.

Question 4

Which nursing diagnosis is of the highest priority for the patient presenting with hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS)?

Accepted Answer

Deficient Fluid Volume is the highest priority nursing diagnosis as it can lead to dehydration, hypotension, and organ failure. HHS is characterized by severe hyperglycemia and osmotic diuresis, leading to excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes. Therefore, rehydration is critical to manage HHS. Altered Nutrition: More than Body Requirement, Noncompliance related to self-management, and Knowledge Deficit related to diabetic diet are all important nursing diagnoses but are of lower priority compared to fluid balance.

Question 5

An obese patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes would like to achieve a healthy weight. The patient says, "My girlfriend lost a lot of weight on a high-protein diet." Which nursing responses are indicated?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A high-protein diet may not be suitable for everyone, especially those with diabetes. It's important to maintain a balanced diet with protein making up about 15% to 20% of total intake. Encouraging healthy food choices and increased exercise is a sustainable approach to weight loss.

Question 6

The nurse is addressing a group of patients with prediabetes. What should the nurse include in a teaching plan for this group?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with prediabetes have an increased risk of developing heart disease. The nurse should include education on lifestyle modifications such as healthy eating habits, regular exercise, and weight loss to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. A is incorrect because not all individuals with prediabetes need insulin. B is incorrect because macular degeneration is not necessarily associated with prediabetes. C is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not a recommended intervention for prediabetes.

Question 7

The nurse is providing instruction to a group of patients who are planning to participate in an athletic triathlon. Each member of the group has been diagnosed with either diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2. A member of the group asks, "If we each follow our usual daily diabetic control routine, which diabetic complication is most likely to occur during this event?" What is the nurse's best answer?

Accepted Answer

During an athletic triathlon, the patients are likely to burn more calories than usual, which can cause low blood sugar levels. This can put them at risk for hypoglycemia, especially if they do not adjust their insulin doses or food intake appropriately. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state are more likely to occur in situations of uncontrolled hyperglycemia, which is less likely to happen during an athletic event where patients are more focused on their blood sugar monitoring and control. Impaired glucose tolerance is not a complication but rather a precursor to diabetes mellitus.

Question 8

The nurse is providing dietary instruction to a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The nurse includes information on how to reduce dietary intake of cholesterol to no more than _______ mg per day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is providing dietary instruction to...

Question 9

At a community health screening for blood glucose testing, the nurse would expect which person to have the highest risk for having type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal obesity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. The other factors listed may not necessarily indicate a higher risk for diabetes.

Question 10

Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient about fasting blood glucose level testing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which information should the nurse include when...

Question 11

The nurse is assessing a patient who has a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Which questions would be most important to help determine the patient's risk for amputation of a lower extremity?. Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is assessing a patient who...

Question 12

A patient has been admitted for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse should include which intervention in the patient's plan of care?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring intravenous fluid administration is crucial in treating diabetic ketoacidosis. Strict bed rest may not be necessary but the patient should be kept comfortable and stable. Reviewing the diabetic diet and administering oral hypoglycemics would not be appropriate in this situation.

Quiz 47: Caring for the Patient With Diabetes