Question 1

In reviewing a 50-year-old man's medical record,the nurse notes that his last eye examination revealed an IOP of 28 mm Hg.Which of the following questions is it most appropriate for the nurse to ask the patient?

Accepted Answer

An IOP (Intraocular Pressure) of 28 mm Hg is elevated, suggesting the possibility of glaucoma. Asking about the use of prescribed eye drops is most relevant, as treatment for glaucoma often includes medication to lower IOP.

Question 2

A 68-year-old man with an extensive left retinal detachment is scheduled for a scleral buckling with cryopexy and pneumatic retinopexy.Preoperatively,the nurse prepares the patient for postoperative expectations by explaining which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The patient will need to maintain a prescribed head position to maintain contact of the gas bubble with the retinal break, which is necessary for successful pneumatic retinopexy. Options A and B are not relevant to postoperative expectations for this procedure, and option C is incorrect as retinal detachment surgery aims to improve vision and prevent further visual loss.

Question 3

A 74-year-old woman has worn corrective lenses most of her life to correct myopia,and for the last several years,she has had bifocals to correct presbyopia.What does the nurse recognize that the patient's lenses are used to achieve?

Accepted Answer

The patient's corrective lenses are used to improve both near and distance vision as myopia affects distance vision and presbyopia affects near vision. The bifocals are specifically designed to address both conditions. There is no strengthening of eye muscles associated with corrective lenses.

Question 4

A counsellor at a camp for children with diabetes was tending a campfire when a log exploded,sending sparks into his eyes.Initially,as the camp nurse,what should the nurse do?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A counsellor at a camp for children...

Question 5

A patient who was struck in the right eye with a handball while playing without the use of protective eyewear has pain and swelling around the orbit and loss of central vision.On assessment of the patient,the nurse suspects the presence of a retinal detachment on the patient's report of which of the following data?

Accepted Answer

Light flashes in the affected eye can be a symptom of retinal detachment. Severe eye pain, abnormal colour perception, and glare and halos around lights can also occur with retinal detachment, but they are not as specific to this condition as light flashes.

Question 6

Which of the following would the nurse teach a patient who asks how to prevent the development of cataracts?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would the nurse...

Question 7

A patient is seen at a clinic for repeated hordeolum of her eyes during the last 6 months.To help prevent further infection,what should the nurse advise the patient to do?

Accepted Answer

Discarding all open or used eye cosmetics can help prevent further infection by reducing the spread of bacteria.

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with adult inclusion conjunctivitis (AIC)caused by the Chlamydia trachomatis organism.In teaching the patient about his disorder,what should the nurse explain?

Accepted Answer

AIC is often sexually transmitted and is highly associated with genital chlamydia. The patient should be evaluated and tested for sexually transmitted Chlamydia. Antibiotics are also recommended for treatment.

Question 9

A young woman asks the nurse at a local health fair for information about LASIK as a method of refractive correction.The young woman has very thick,concave lenses in her glasses.What is the best response to the young woman?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should advise the young woman to consult an ophthalmologist about what method of refractive correction would be best suited for her. This is because LASIK may not be the most appropriate procedure for her, considering her thick, concave lenses. It is important for an ophthalmologist to evaluate the patient's condition and make a recommendation based on their assessment. Additionally, the nurse should not make any claims about the success or safety of LASIK without appropriate qualifications and knowledge.

Question 10

A patient is prepared for discharge following outpatient cataract surgery.To evaluate whether the patient understands the postoperative regimen and procedures,what should the nurse ask the patient to do?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should ask the patient to explain the purpose of the prescribed medication to evaluate understanding of the postoperative regimen and procedures, as this indicates the patient's comprehension of the treatment plan and its importance in the healing process.

Question 11

A 78-year-old woman has age-related macular degeneration and has undergone laser photocoagulation without significant improvement in her vision.The ophthalmologist has told her that further treatment is not warranted.What is an appropriate outcome for the nurse to plan with the patient?

Accepted Answer

The patient using optical and nonoptical methods for vision enhancement is an appropriate outcome to plan with the patient. It is important to empower the patient to utilize resources and techniques to optimize their remaining vision and maintain independence as long as possible. Planning for institutional care or simply accepting blindness may be premature and defeatist attitudes that do not consider the patient's autonomy and quality of life. Seeking a second opinion may be an option for the patient, but accepting the ophthalmologist's recommendation is also appropriate if reasonable alternatives have been exhausted.

Question 12

What type of strabismus does the patient have when he describes his symptom as his right eye looking in toward his nose?

Accepted Answer

Esotropia is a condition where one eye turns inward towards the nose while the other eye looks straight ahead.

Question 13

The nurse answers the call light of a newly admitted patient.The patient tells the nurse she is blind and asks the nurse to assist her to the bathroom.To assist the patient,how should the nurse proceed?

Accepted Answer

Walking slightly ahead of the patient and allowing the patient to hold your elbow is a recommended method for assisting blind or visually impaired individuals. This technique, known as sighted guide technique, provides support and guidance while respecting the individual's independence and dignity.

Question 14

During a routine health examination at the clinic,the patient tells the nurse that he is legally blind.In planning care for the patient,what does the nurse recognize?

Accepted Answer

Further assessment is needed in order to determine the extent to which the patient's visual impairment affects his daily functioning. Just because a patient has legal blindness does not necessarily mean that they have a total lack of vision or no usable vision at all. It is important for the nurse to determine the extent of the patient's visual impairment in order to plan appropriate care.

Question 15

In teaching a patient with POAG about the disorder,what should the nurse explain?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should explain that in POAG, the aqueous humor produced in the eye cannot drain from the eye, causing pressure damage to the optic nerve. This is the primary mechanism of damage in POAG.

Question 16

A patient with herpes simplex type I keratitis of the left eye is very concerned about his diagnosis and is afraid his right eye will become involved.What should the nurse advise the patient to do,to prevent spread of the infection?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should advise the patient to avoid touching the affected eye and wash their hands frequently to prevent the spread of infection to the right eye or other individuals. Applying an occlusive dressing can exacerbate the infection by providing a warm, moist environment. Using the eye drops in the non-infected eye can potentially cause harm if unnecessary. Using disposable tissues to clean the drainage is a good practice, but alone does not prevent spread of the infection.

Question 17

A 48-year-old woman is found to have early presbyopia on examination by her ophthalmologist.The patient asks the nurse whether she is losing her sight like her mother,who has age-related macular degeneration.What is the nurse's best response to the patient?

Accepted Answer

Presbyopia and age-related macular degeneration are both age-related vision changes, but they are not the same disorder. Presbyopia is caused by a loss of elasticity in the lens, while age-related macular degeneration affects the central part of the retina. It is important for the patient to understand the differences between these two conditions.

Question 18

During postoperative teaching for a patient with a cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation,what instructions should the nurse give the patient?

Accepted Answer

The physician should be notified if increasing pain in the operative eye occurs, as this could indicate complications such as infection or increased intraocular pressure. Normal activities often need to be limited initially to prevent strain on the eye, aphakic glasses are not needed with intraocular lens implantation, and normal vision may take time to stabilize after surgery.

Question 19

A 72-year-old man is admitted to the hospital for elective surgery.As the nurse prepares to perform an initial assessment of the patient,the patient's wife tells the nurse that her husband is functionally blind and that she has cared for him for years.During the initial assessment of the patient,what is it important for the nurse to do?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should directly engage with the patient, respecting his autonomy and involving him in his own care by asking what assistance he needs.

Question 20

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)is diagnosed in a middle-aged woman during a routine examination by her ophthalmologist.During the initial assessment of the patient,what would the nurse expect the patient history to include?

Accepted Answer

POAG is often asymptomatic in the early stages, and patients may not experience pain or pressure in the eyes. Blurred vision and seeing coloured halos around lights may occur in more advanced stages, but are not typically initial symptoms. Eye pain accompanied by nausea and vomiting may indicate acute angle-closure glaucoma, which is a different type of glaucoma.

Quiz 24: Nursing Management: Visual and Auditory Problems