Question 1

Keynoters:

Accepted Answer

Keynoters can be anyone from whom other people take cues in a given context. They are not necessarily the same as leaders and do not require the absence of preexisting norms. However, they often hold some level of influence or authority in the context in which they are keynoting.

Question 2

The main problem with ____________ theory is that it treats individuals as mindless individuals following the actions of others.

Accepted Answer

Contagion theory suggests that individuals are mindlessly influenced by the actions of others in a crowd or group setting. This theory has been criticized for failing to recognize individual agency and decision-making, as well as overlooking the impact of societal factors on group behavior.

Question 3

Convergence theory says that the role of planning in collective action:

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

An accident occurs on a busy street,and a pedestrian immediately starts pulling people from cars and instructing others on what to do.This person would be an example of which collective action theory?

Accepted Answer

This person's action of instructing others on what to do in an emergency situation is an example of an emergent norm, as they are taking on a leadership role and creating new norms for behavior in the situation.

Question 5

The difference between collective action and deviance is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The difference between collective action and deviance...

Question 6

Participating in "the wave" at a baseball game is an example of ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

Contagion theory suggests that individuals in a crowd can be influenced by the collective behavior of the group, leading to a loss of personal responsibility and a tendency to follow the crowd, as seen in "the wave."

Question 7

Group behavior has to violate social norms in order to be classified as "collective action" because:

Accepted Answer

Collective action involves a group of individuals coming together to challenge or change social norms that they believe are harmful or oppressive. Therefore, it necessarily involves violating existing social norms and advocating for new ones. In this way, collective action seeks to highlight the reasons social norms should change. A, C, and D are incorrect because collective action may or may not strengthen, lead to changes in, or be governed by social norms.

Question 8

An example of collective action would be:

Accepted Answer

Collective action refers to a group of individuals taking action together to achieve a common goal. In this case, everyone walking out on an exam is an example of collective action as it is a group of individuals taking action together (in this case, refusing to take the exam) to achieve a common goal (such as protesting something about the exam). The other options may involve individual actions, but not necessarily collective ones.

Question 9

Contagion effects often work through the influence of a leader with a lot of:

Accepted Answer

Charisma refers to a leader's ability to inspire and attract followers through their charm, presence, and persuasion. Such leaders are often able to create a sense of unity and purpose among their followers, making them more susceptible to contagious ideas or behaviors. In contrast, power, knowledge, and experience may also play a role in contagion effects, but they are not as directly related to the leader's ability to influence and inspire others.

Question 10

Convergence theory doesn't necessarily require:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Convergence theory doesn't necessarily require:
...

Question 11

The collective action theory that emphasizes the influence of leaders in promoting particular norms is ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The emergent norm theory suggests that norms emerge from collective behavior and are influenced by leaders who promote certain behaviors or beliefs.

Question 12

A difference between crowd collective action and mass collective action is that:

Accepted Answer

Crowd collective action typically involves physical proximity and face-to-face interactions among group members, while mass collective action can involve people who are dispersed geographically and may use media such as social networking to connect and coordinate their actions. The other options are either incorrect or overly simplistic.

Question 13

Value-added theory was "borrowed" from the discipline of:

Accepted Answer

Value-added theory was originally developed in the field of economics as a way to measure the economic contribution of each stage in the production process. Since then, it has been applied to various fields, including management and strategy.

Question 14

If one individual behaves in a socially inappropriate manner,he or she is considered deviant,but if several individuals behave this way,it is referred to as a:

Accepted Answer

When several individuals behave in a socially inappropriate manner, it is considered a collective action rather than a public rebellion or demonstration. A nongovernmental organization is a separate concept altogether.

Question 15

Ten thousand people writing the governor,asking him or her not to execute an individual is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Mass collective action refers to a large-scale effort to bring about social or political change through coordinated action, such as a petition or a protest. In this case, ten thousand people writing to the governor to try and stop an execution fits this definition. Crowds and political activism may also be involved, but they are not necessarily the best descriptions of the situation. Social change is the end goal, but not necessarily the means of achieving it.

Question 16

Convergence theory states that collective action occurs when:

Accepted Answer

Convergence theory suggests that collective action happens when people with similar ideas and tendencies come together in the same location, leading to a collective behavior.

Question 17

A limitation of ____________ theory is that it does not explain why one individual becomes a leader while others do not.

Accepted Answer

The emergent norm theory explains how collective behavior and group dynamics can lead to the emergence of a leader in certain situations, but it does not address the reasons why particular individuals may come to occupy leadership roles.

Question 18

Presbyterian,Green Bay Packers fan,Republican,and Italian are all group associations that help define you as a(n):

Accepted Answer

These group associations relate to personal beliefs, preferences, and cultural background, but do not determine one's status as a potential voter, male, or citizen. These are individual characteristics.

Question 19

A theory of collective action claiming that collective action arises because of people's tendency to conform to the behavior of others is ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A theory of collective action claiming that...

Question 20

Crowds can spontaneously engage in collective action,but most times they do not.Such an inconsistency is not explained by ____________ theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Crowds can spontaneously engage in collective action,but...

Quiz 18: Collective Action, Social Movements, and Social Change