Question 1

If an autotrophic Euglena species in pond water were placed in the dark, it would most likely

Accepted Answer

Autotrophic Euglena species use their chloroplasts to undergo photosynthesis and create organic compounds. In the absence of light, they would not be able to perform photosynthesis, so they would stop using their chloroplasts to synthesize organic compounds.

Question 2

Which statement about the process of conjugation is false?

Accepted Answer

Conjugation is not a reproductive process; it is a sexual process of genetic recombination where genetic material is exchanged between two organisms, but no new organisms are produced.

Question 3

Which group uses lobe-shaped pseudopods for locomotion?

Accepted Answer

Amoebozoans are the only group among the given options that use lobe-shaped pseudopods for locomotion. Radiolarians use needle-like pseudopods for feeding, Euglenids use flagella for locomotion, Foraminiferans use needle-like pseudopods for feeding and chambered shells for locomotion, and ciliates use cilia for locomotion.

Question 4

A Paramecium individual contains two types of nuclei: a large macronucleus and as many as 80 micronuclei.The micronuclei are typical eukaryotic nuclei and are essential for genetic recombination.The macronucleus

Accepted Answer

The macronucleus in Paramecium contains many copies of the genetic information, which is essential for the cell's everyday functioning, including the expression of genes necessary for the organism's metabolic, developmental, and physiological processes.

Question 5

After a particularly warm and wet summer, there is a spike in the population of tsetse flies in a rural sub-Saharan village.Many of the inhabitants begin to complain of fever and aching muscles.What might be the cause of their suffering?

Accepted Answer

The increase in tsetse flies provides more insect vectors for the kinetoplastid Trypanosoma brucei, which causes sleeping sickness. The fever and aching muscles described are symptoms of sleeping sickness.

Question 6

In the cellular slime molds, the onset of adverse conditions causes

Accepted Answer

In cellular slime molds, adverse conditions trigger an aggregation of individual myxamoebas to form a multicellular structure called a slug or pseudoplasmodium. This structure moves as a unit to find a suitable location for the formation of a fruiting body, from which spores are eventually dispersed. The formation of sporangia and release of swarm cells from fruiting bodies occur at later stages of the life cycle, after the slug or pseudoplasmodium has formed. Cytoplasmic streaming is a common feature of many eukaryotic cells and is not specifically triggered by adverse conditions in cellular slime molds.

Question 7

Refer to the figure, which shows genetic recombination by conjugation in paramecia.  As it is shown in the figure, which statement about the conjugation process in paramecia is true?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure, which shows genetic...

Question 8

_______ are small _______ that use pseudopods to engulf small organisms and particles of organic matter.Some live in secreted shells (tests) or casings from sand particles glued together.

Accepted Answer

The description matches that of loboseans, which are amoebozoans. They use pseudopods to engulf small organisms and particles of organic matter and can live in secreted shells or casings from sand particles glued together. The other choices do not match the given description.

Question 9

Which process is not part of conjugation in Paramecium?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis is not part of conjugation in Paramecium. Conjugation involves meiosis, mitosis, fusion of haploid nuclei, and breakdown of some micronuclei, but cytokinesis occurs after conjugation during cell division.

Question 10

Which of the following is not an asexual reproductive process among microbial eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis is a sexual reproductive process that involves the formation of haploid gametes, which then fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote.

Therefore, the other choices (A, B, C, and D) are all asexual reproductive processes, where the parent cell divides to produce identical or nearly identical offspring without the involvement of gametes.

Question 11

Which statement concerning the spore-bearing fruiting structures produced by plasmodial slime molds is true?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Knobs called sporangia develop at the end of the stalk of the fruiting structure" is true for spore-bearing fruiting structures produced by plasmodial slime molds.

Question 12

Which statement about the micronucleus and macronucleus is false?

Accepted Answer

The micronucleus is involved in genetic recombination, not the macronucleus. The macronucleus is responsible for gene expression and cell function, while the micronucleus is involved in sexual reproduction and the exchange of genetic material.

Question 13

Which protist group includes large multinucleate terrestrial heterotrophs that are visible to the naked eye and can be several yards in diameter?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodial slime molds are the only protist group described that includes large multinucleate terrestrial heterotrophs that are visible to the naked eye and can be several yards in diameter.

Question 14

Which statement that does not describe a form of asexual reproduction found in protists.

Accepted Answer

Conjugation between two paramecia is a form of sexual reproduction, not asexual, because it involves the exchange of genetic material to produce genetically distinct individuals.

Question 15

Paramecia have an elaborate sexual behavior in which they line up against each other and fuse.This is followed by an extensive reorganization and exchange of nuclear material.The entire process is called

Accepted Answer

The described sexual behavior of paramecia involves lining up and fusing followed by the exchange of nuclear material, which is typical of conjugation in single-celled organisms. Therefore, choice D (conjugation) is the best choice. Choices A (cloning), B (alternation of generations), C (sexual reproduction), and E (binary fission) do not accurately describe the described behavior of paramecia.

Question 16

Refer to the figure, which shows genetic recombination by conjugation in paramecia.  As it is shown in the figure, which statement about the conjugation process in paramecia is false?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the figure, which shows genetic...

Question 17

Which statement regarding the role of meiosis in plasmodial slime molds is true?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis plays a role in the formation of the sporangia during the reproductive stage of plasmodial slime molds. When unfavorable conditions arise, the plasmodium undergoes meiosis to create haploid nuclei, which then differentiate into spores that develop into the sporangia on the fruiting body.

Question 18

Which term refers to a eukaryotic organism that undergoes alternation of generations in which different generations do not resemble each other morphologically?

Accepted Answer

Heteromorphic refers to different generations having different morphologies, which is characteristic of organisms that undergo alternation of generations. Homomorphic refers to similar morphologies between different generations, while isomorphic refers to identical morphologies between different individuals. Anisomorphic and gametophytic are not relevant to this question.

Question 19

The difference between plasmodial slime molds and cellular slime molds is that

Accepted Answer

Plasmodial slime molds are characterized by containing many nuclei enclosed within a single cell membrane, while cellular slime molds have individual cells that come together to form a larger structure. The other options presented are not accurate differences between the two types of slime molds.

Question 20

Which event is not normally associated with the life cycle of a plasmodial slime mold?

Accepted Answer

Plasmodial slime molds, unlike cellular slime molds, do not have a stage where spores develop into myxamoebas. Instead, their life cycle typically involves the fusion of haploid cells to form a diploid zygote, which then grows into a multinucleate plasmodium.

Quiz 26: The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes