A Depressed Client Reports to a Nurse a History of Divorce

A depressed client reports to a nurse a history of divorce, job loss, family estrangement, and cocaine abuse. Which theoretical principle best explains the etiology of this client's depressive symptoms?

A) According to psychoanalytic theory, depression is a result of anger turned inward.
B) According to object-loss theory, depression is a result of abandonment.
C) According to learning theory, depression is a result of repeated failures.
D) According to cognitive theory, depression is a result of negative perceptions.