Question 1

Which of the following indicates that the model of bereavement proposed by Kübler-Ross does not tell the whole story regarding how people grieve?

Accepted Answer

The fact that many people do not go through the stages in the sequence proposed and some show no signs of any of the stages indicates that the Kübler-Ross model does not tell the whole story regarding how people grieve. This suggests that there may be other factors or processes involved in the grieving process that are not accounted for in the model. The other answer choices are not supported by evidence or contradict with the existing research on the Kübler-Ross model.

Question 2

Which of the following is a specific form of grieving in response to the death of a loved one?

Accepted Answer

Bereavement specifically refers to the process of grieving and mourning the loss of a loved one. While sadness and loss may be part of this process, they are not specific to grieving after a death. Reactive depression may be a result of bereavement, but is not a specific form of grieving.

Question 3

How is personality affected by aging?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that personality traits tend to be consistent across the lifespan, and older adults tend to have similar personality traits to what they had in earlier stages of adulthood. However, older adults may also show greater emotional stability and decreased neuroticism compared to when they were younger.

Question 4

How are estrogen levels during menopause related to depression?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are estrogen levels during menopause related...

Question 5

Your friend has been having some psychological problems,and he tells you that he and his wife are seeing a couple therapist.You are surprised that he is receiving couple therapy,since he is the one with problems.When you ask your psychology professor about this,she explains that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that an improved relationship can have positive effects on individual psychological disorders. Couple therapy can help address underlying issues in the relationship that may be contributing to an individual's problems. Therefore, it is not uncommon for individuals with psychological disorders to receive couple therapy. The other options (A, C, and D) are not supported by evidence or are not accurate portrayals of the role and purpose of therapy.

Question 6

Which is one of the reasons that older people have fewer friendships?

Accepted Answer

As people age, they tend to become more selective in their companions and prioritize meaningful relationships over shallow ones. This can result in having fewer friends but deeper connections. The other options - becoming more irritable and demanding, losing loved ones, or spending more time with family - can certainly be factors but are not necessarily universal reasons for having fewer friendships in old age.

Question 7

Many experts view the increase in suicide among older adults as not only a consequence of emotional problems,but also as a result of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many experts view the increase in suicide...

Question 8

What element is important in both the Bowlby and Kübler-Ross models of bereavement?

Accepted Answer

Both Bowlby and Kübler-Ross include anger as a stage in their models of bereavement.

Question 9

Your textbook presents the case of Mrs.J,who had great difficulty accepting the loss of her husband.Mrs.J believed her husband died due to the inadequacy of his care in a nursing home.She was experiencing great anger over this and thought about it frequently.Which of the following best describes her condition?

Accepted Answer

Mrs.J's reaction was seen as normal grieving. While her anger towards the nursing home may be justified, her reaction is within the normal range of emotions experienced during the grieving process. It would not be considered pathological depression, clinical grieving, or grief compounded by OCD.

Question 10

The term "ageism" refers to

Accepted Answer

Ageism is defined as prejudice or discrimination based on a person's age, particularly against older individuals.

Question 11

Mrs.Pallagio's husband died at age 70.For the next year,she finds herself thinking about him constantly.Every night she talks out loud to his photo.How would a clinical psychologist describe these behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Pallagio's behaviors are indicative of normal grieving, characterized by the persistent and intense longing, sadness, and preoccupation with the deceased loved one. Talking to the photo is a normal grief coping mechanism that allows Mrs. Pallagio to express her feelings and maintain a connection with her late husband.

Question 12

Which of the following is most accurate in regard to the rate of affective disorders in younger and in older Americans?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that affective disorders, such as depression and anxiety, are more common in younger adults (18-24 years old) than in older adults (65+ years old). However, the prevalence of mood disorders starts to increase again after age 75. So, option B is the most accurate statement.

Question 13

The emotional and social process of coping with a separation or a loss is called

Accepted Answer

The answer of The emotional and social process of coping...

Question 14

Hormone (estrogen)replacement therapy during menopause is effective for reducing

Accepted Answer

Hormone replacement therapy during menopause is effective for reducing physical symptoms like hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and bone loss. It is not recommended for reducing the risk of cancer, infertility or depression.

Question 15

Which of the following individuals is most likely to suffer from osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and fragile, leading to a higher risk of fractures. It is most common in older adults, especially women after menopause, due to decreased bone density. Therefore, Betty, who is 71 years old, is the most likely to suffer from osteoporosis.

Question 16

An epidemiologist has received a grant to study rates of suicide in the overall population.Which group will she find has the highest rate of completed suicides?

Accepted Answer

The group with the highest rate of completed suicides is adults over age 65. This is due to factors such as social isolation, physical illness, and the unique challenges associated with aging. While adolescents and young adults may have higher rates of suicide attempts, the rate of completed suicides is higher among older adults.

Question 17

The cessation of menstruation is called

Accepted Answer

Menopause is the period in a woman's life when she stops having menstrual cycles permanently, which typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55. Menarche refers to the onset of menstruation, moratorium refers to a pause or delay in a process, and maturation refers to the process of becoming fully developed. None of these terms accurately describe the cessation of menstruation.

Question 18

You are a psychologist assigned to assess older individuals in a community centre.Informed by research,you will be looking for predictors of psychological well-being,such as

Accepted Answer

Positive relationships have been consistently found to be a strong predictor of psychological well-being in older adults. Social support and interaction with others can help prevent depression, anxiety, and loneliness.

Answer: A 
 Erikson's concept of integrity involves a sense of satisfaction with one's life, acceptance of past mistakes and accomplishments, and a feeling of wholeness. Research has shown that a sense of integrity is positively correlated with psychological well-being in older adults.

Answer: C 
 Being comfortable with living alone is not necessarily a predictor of psychological well-being. In fact, social isolation and lack of social support can lead to negative psychological outcomes such as depression and anxiety.

Answer: D 
 Apprehension about retirement may or may not be a predictor of psychological well-being. While some individuals may experience a sense of loss or diminished sense of purpose after retirement, others may find it liberating and positive for their mental health.

Question 19

The concept of off time loss suggests that if you had a patient who just lost a loved one,you would be most concerned about an adverse reaction if that patient had lost

Accepted Answer

The loss of a child is often considered one of the most devastating and traumatic experiences, potentially leading to severe grief reactions and adverse psychological effects.

Question 20

The multidisciplinary study of aging is known as

Accepted Answer

Gerontology is the multidisciplinary study of aging, which includes elements from biology, psychology, sociology, and other related fields. Ageism refers to discrimination based on age, moratorium studies are focused on exploring crisis periods in adolescence, and life-cycle studies examine various stages of development across the lifespan.

Quiz 17: Adjustment Disorders and Life-Cycle Transitions