Question 1

If people did not engage in primary appraisal, they would:
A) probably engage in secondary appraisal instead
B) be basically unresponsive to environmental stimuli
C) often be emotionally aroused
D) have difficulty expressing their emotions

Accepted Answer

Primary appraisal is the process of evaluating a situation as either irrelevant, benign-positive, or stressful. If people did not engage in primary appraisal, they would not be able to respond to environmental stimuli effectively. They would be unresponsive to the situation and not experience emotional arousal, as emotions are triggered by the appraisal of a situation.

Question 2

Based on research conducted on family-focused interventions, the major difference between effective and ineffective family-focused treatments involves whether:
A) the patient has adequate social skills
B) family members have enough information about the patient's illness
C) a medical practitioner or a family therapist conducts the intervention
D) the patient or the family is in control of the situation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on research conducted on family-focused interventions,...

Question 3

John comes from a family in which everyone is overweight, even though people in the family appear to eat only moderate amounts of food. This is consistent with research showing that:
A) food habits are primarily influenced by family attitudes
B) the environment is more important than our genes in determining eating behaviour
C) genes play an important role in who becomes overweight
D) food habits are determined by what foods are presented to us

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that genetics play a significant role in determining who becomes overweight. This means that individuals who come from families with a history of obesity are more likely to develop weight problems themselves, even if they eat similar amounts of food as those who are not genetically predisposed to becoming overweight. While environmental factors, such as access to unhealthy foods, can also contribute to weight gain, research indicates that genetics are an important factor in determining eating behaviors and body weight.

Question 4

Robert, a formerly homeless man, has recently begun enjoying the experience of paying utility bills and rent. These activities are meaningful to him because they remind him that he is no longer homeless. In finding meaning in these activities, Robert is engaging in the process of:
A) downward comparisons
B) upward spiraling
C) anticipatory coping
D) creation of positive events

Accepted Answer

Robert is creating positive events by finding meaning in paying utility bills and rent, which helps him realize that he is no longer homeless. This positive event creates a sense of accomplishment and purpose, which can be beneficial for his well-being.

Question 5

The Body Mass Index (BMI) of an adopted child will show ____________ the BMI of the adoptive parents and ____________ the BMI of the biological parents.
A) similarity to; similarity to
B) similarity to; dissimilarity to
C) dissimilarity to; similarity to
D) dissimilarity to; dissimilarity to

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the BMI of an adopted child is more similar to the biological parents' BMI than to the adoptive parents' BMI. This is because BMI is largely determined by genetics, which are inherited from biological parents, rather than environmental factors, which are more closely linked to adoptive parents. Thus, the adopted child's BMI will show dissimilarity to the adoptive parents' BMI and similarity to the biological parents' BMI.

Question 6

If people in other countries become more like Canadians in their eating and exercise habits, one day those countries' obesity rates will be close to:
A) 10 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 40 percent
D) 60 percent

Accepted Answer

The answer of If people in other countries become more...

Question 7

If Murid's grandfather is dying of cancer and there is no chance the grandfather will survive, ____________ coping will be most effective in reducing Murid's stress around this event.
A) problem-focused
B) conciliatory
C) autonomous
D) emotion-focused

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, where the grandfather's death is imminent and there is no chance of survival, problem-focused coping strategies like seeking medical advice or treatments may not be useful. Similarly, conciliatory coping, where the focus is on finding solutions that satisfy everyone's needs, may not be relevant. Autonomous coping, where an individual relies on their own inner resources to deal with stressors, might not be effective when dealing with a situation of death in the family. Emotion-focused coping, which involves regulating one's emotional response to the stressor, is the most effective strategy in this scenario as it helps Murid manage his emotional distress around his grandfather's death.

Question 8

An important change in the health of people over the last 100 years involves:
A) an increasing number of mortalities associated with lifestyle choices
B) the increased use of successful coping strategies
C) obesity becoming less prevalent
D) more people dying of infectious diseases

Accepted Answer

Over the last 100 years, technological advancements have led to the prevention and management of many infectious diseases, resulting in a decrease in mortality rates associated with infectious diseases. However, lifestyle-related diseases like obesity, heart diseases, and diabetes have become more prevalent due to changes in dietary habits and physical activity patterns. Therefore, option A is the correct choice as it accurately reflects the evolving health trends over the past century.

Question 9

Positive reappraisal involves consciously changing one's:
A) behaviours
B) emotional expressions
C) beliefs about events
D) personality

Accepted Answer

Positive reappraisal involves changing one's beliefs about events in a more positive manner. This can involve seeing a challenging situation as an opportunity for growth or focusing on the positive aspects of an overall negative experience. It does not necessarily involve changing one's behaviors, emotional expressions, or personality.

Question 10

Deciding how to deal with a stressor before it arises is the definition of:
A) anticipatory coping
B) pre-coping
C) future-oriented coping
D) emotion-focused coping

Accepted Answer

Anticipatory coping involves preparing and planning ahead of time to deal with potential stressors before they occur. This can involve building resilience, developing coping strategies, and actively seeking support from others. It is a proactive approach to managing stress and can be very effective in reducing the impact of stress on our physical and mental health.

Question 11

If Amy is committed to her life tasks, feels challenged by barriers, and feels in control of her fate, she would be described as:
A) Type A
B) Type B
C) hardy
D) an externalizer

Accepted Answer

These characteristics are indicative of a hardy personality, which is characterized by a strong sense of commitment, control, and challenge. Type A personality is known for being competitive, impatient, and having a sense of urgency. Type B personality is characterized by being relaxed and laid back. An externalizer tends to blame external factors for their circumstances rather than take responsibility for their actions.

Question 12

Being very overweight is:
A) primarily linked to personality
B) a major health problem in contemporary society
C) primarily a result of overeating
D) primarily a result of genetic factors

Accepted Answer

Being very overweight, or obese, is a major health problem in contemporary society. It has been linked to an increased risk for numerous health issues such as heart disease, diabetes, and high blood pressure. While overeating can contribute to obesity, genetic factors and other factors such as a sedentary lifestyle may also play a role. However, personality is not a primary factor in causing obesity.

Question 13

Kayla is a participant in a research study on coping. She is asked to engage in a difficult task which is designed to elicit a stress response. Based on the results of previous research, if Kayla is high in hardiness she will show ____________ during the stressful task.
A) higher than average blood pressure
B) lower than average blood pressure
C) a steady heart rate
D) more blood flow in the amygdala

Accepted Answer

The answer of Kayla is a participant in a research...

Question 14

The major difference between emotion-focused and problem-focused coping involves:
A) the intensity of the stressor
B) the ability to control the stressor
C) the ability to perceive the stressor
D) whether the stress is familiar or unfamiliar

Accepted Answer

Emotion-focused coping strategies aim to manage the emotions associated with a stressor, whereas problem-focused coping strategies aim to directly address and solve the stressor. Therefore, the major difference between the two is the level of control the individual feels they have over the stressor. Emotion-focused coping may be used when a stressor is perceived to be outside of one's control, while problem-focused coping may be used when one feels they can take action to change the situation.

Question 15

Your roommate, who is very overweight, has an identical twin whom you have never met and who lived with an adoptive family while growing up. Given what you know about genetic and environmental factors in weight status, you would:
A) be unclear about the weight status of the twin
B) guess that the twin had a similar weight status to his adoptive family members
C) ask for more information on the attitudes of the adoptive parents toward being overweight
D) guess that the twin is likely to be overweight

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that genetics play a significant role in weight status, and identical twins share 100% of their genetic material. Additionally, environmental factors (such as diet and physical activity levels) can contribute to weight status, but it is unlikely that the adoptive family would have a significant impact on the twin's genetic predisposition to being overweight. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that the twin is likely to have a similar weight status as the overweight roommate, given their shared genetics.

Question 16

Anticipatory coping will be most effective when the:
A) stress is predictable
B) stress ultimately has a positive outcome
C) person is dealing with multiple sources of stress at once
D) stress is seen as meaningful in some way

Accepted Answer

Anticipatory coping involves planning and preparing for an upcoming stressful event. It is most effective when the stressor is predictable, as this allows the person to plan ahead and implement coping strategies before the stressor occurs.

Question 17

Uncle Frank has a heart condition, which means he needs to be very careful about certain aspects of his life. Based on research on family-focused interventions, which of these will be LEAST helpful in encouraging Uncle Frank to lead a healthier life?
A) providing rewards for his positive health behaviours
B) planning his daily schedule for him
C) encouraging him to make his own health decisions
D) modelling healthy behaviours, like eating a well balanced diet

Accepted Answer

Planning Uncle Frank's daily schedule for him is least helpful because it takes away his autonomy and independence in making decisions about his own health. Encouraging him to make his own health decisions and modelling healthy behaviours are both important aspects of family-focused interventions. Providing rewards for positive health behaviours can also be helpful in reinforcing and encouraging healthy habits.

Question 18

Based on what you know about downward comparisons, which emotion is most likely to follow a downward comparison?
A) relief
B) excitement
C) embarrassment
D) depression

Accepted Answer

Downward comparisons typically involve comparing oneself to someone who is worse off, which can lead to feelings of relief that one is not in the same situation. Therefore, the most likely emotion to follow a downward comparison is relief. Excitement and embarrassment are less likely, while depression may result from upward comparisons (comparing oneself to someone better off).

Question 19

Hardy individuals tend to view life events as less stressful than those who are low on this personality dimension. An important aspect of how they view their daily life is that:
A) they tend to resist negative changes
B) when stressed they focus on negative thoughts and feelings
C) they have varying levels of commitment to their daily activities
D) they feel they are largely in control of what happens to them

Accepted Answer

Hardy individuals tend to have a strong sense of control over their lives, which helps them view stressful events as less overwhelming. They are more likely to have a sense of personal agency and to believe that they can influence the course of events through their own choices and actions. This belief in personal control is a key factor in their resilience to stress.

Question 20

Katie's professor is giving a test tomorrow, but has not told the students what will be on the test. Katie is not sure how or what to study and feels nervous about her upcoming performance. The most effective coping strategy for Katie to use the night before the exam is:
A) emotion-focused coping
B) positive reappraisal
C) anticipatory coping
D) a defense mechanism

Accepted Answer

The answer of Katie's professor is giving a test tomorrow,...

Quiz 10: Health and Well-Being

If people did not engage in primary appraisal, they would:

Based on research conducted on family-focused interventions, the major difference between effective and ineffective family-focused treatments involves whether:

John comes from a family in which everyone is overweight, even though people in the family appear to eat only moderate amounts of food. This is consistent with research showing that:

Robert, a formerly homeless man, has recently begun enjoying the experience of paying utility bills and rent. These activities are meaningful to him because they remind him that he is no longer homeless. In finding meaning in these activities, Robert is engaging in the process of:

The Body Mass Index (BMI) of an adopted child will show the BMI of the adoptive parents and the BMI of the biological parents.

If people in other countries become more like Canadians in their eating and exercise habits, one day those countries' obesity rates will be close to:

If Murid's grandfather is dying of cancer and there is no chance the grandfather will survive, ____________ coping will be most effective in reducing Murid's stress around this event.

An important change in the health of people over the last 100 years involves:

Positive reappraisal involves consciously changing one's:

Deciding how to deal with a stressor before it arises is the definition of:

If Amy is committed to her life tasks, feels challenged by barriers, and feels in control of her fate, she would be described as:

Being very overweight is:

Kayla is a participant in a research study on coping. She is asked to engage in a difficult task which is designed to elicit a stress response. Based on the results of previous research, if Kayla is high in hardiness she will show ____________ during the stressful task.

The major difference between emotion-focused and problem-focused coping involves:

Your roommate, who is very overweight, has an identical twin whom you have never met and who lived with an adoptive family while growing up. Given what you know about genetic and environmental factors in weight status, you would:

Anticipatory coping will be most effective when the:

Uncle Frank has a heart condition, which means he needs to be very careful about certain aspects of his life. Based on research on family-focused interventions, which of these will be LEAST helpful in encouraging Uncle Frank to lead a healthier life?

Based on what you know about downward comparisons, which emotion is most likely to follow a downward comparison?

Hardy individuals tend to view life events as less stressful than those who are low on this personality dimension. An important aspect of how they view their daily life is that:

Katie's professor is giving a test tomorrow, but has not told the students what will be on the test. Katie is not sure how or what to study and feels nervous about her upcoming performance. The most effective coping strategy for Katie to use the night before the exam is: