Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding an infant's ability to perceive colour?

Accepted Answer

While infants' colour vision is not fully developed at birth, it is not accurate to say that they are basically blind or colour blind. Infants are able to see and discriminate some colours from birth, particularly red and green. However, their ability to perceive and distinguish between different colours improves over the first few months of life.

Question 2

Which statement about breast-feeding is correct?

Accepted Answer

It promotes rapid weight and size gain.

Question 3

The disease kwashiorkor is associated with

Accepted Answer

Kwashiorkor is a type of malnutrition that is caused by insufficient dietary protein. It is commonly seen in areas where there is a lack of access to high-quality protein sources, such as in impoverished regions of Africa. Symptoms of kwashiorkor include edema (swelling), hair loss, loss of muscle mass, and a weakened immune system.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about female/male differences in physical development in infancy?

Accepted Answer

Girls actually have a slightly lower mortality rate than boys, especially during infancy. This is partly due to the fact that male infants are more susceptible to infections and complications during birth.

Question 5

One precaution that a parent can take to reduce the risk of SIDS is

Accepted Answer

Positioning the infant to sleep on her back or side has been shown to greatly reduce the risk of SIDS. Feeding a high-fat diet and equipping the infant with an electronic breathing monitor have not been consistently shown to reduce the risk. While ensuring the infant does not become ill with a respiratory infection is important for overall health, it may not necessarily reduce the risk of SIDS.

Question 6

What action did Canada take almost 50 years ago that lowered rates of micronutrient malnutrition in babies and young children?

Accepted Answer

Almost 50 years ago, Canada began fortifying food and milk with essential minerals and vitamins, which helped to lower rates of micronutrient malnutrition in babies and young children.

Question 7

Which of the following factors is NOT associated with reducing the risk of SIDS?

Accepted Answer

Bed sharing or napping with the baby on a sofa is actually associated with an increased risk of SIDS. It is recommended that infants sleep on a firm, flat surface in a crib or bassinet close to their caregiver's bed but separate from their caregiver.

Question 8

It is important to reduce the rate of post-term deliveries because

Accepted Answer

Post-term babies have higher rates of fetal and neonatal mortality.

Question 9

Canada is a world leader in food fortification. This means

Accepted Answer

Canada is a world leader in food fortification, which means essential vitamins and/or minerals have been added to some food products. This is done to improve the nutritional quality and help prevent nutrient deficiencies in the population. Growth hormones are not added to our dairy products, and while food inspection is important, it is not directly related to food fortification. Similarly, not all Canadian food products are low fat.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the advantages of breast-feeding?

Accepted Answer

While breast-feeding is known to provide many advantages for both mother and child, there is no evidence to suggest that it specifically facilitates the development of superior social interactions between mother and child. However, breast-feeding can promote bonding and emotional closeness between mother and child.

Question 11

Premature infants who experience more skin-to-skin contact with their parents (kangaroo method) have shown more rapid developmental progress and ______.

Accepted Answer

alleviation of the pain response.

Question 12

Which of the following does NOT belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

micronutrient malnutrition

Question 13

It is recommended that an infant's first solid food be

Accepted Answer

An iron-fortified single-grain cereal, such as rice, is a good choice for a baby's first solid food because it provides important nutrients like iron and is easy to digest. It is also less likely to cause an allergic reaction compared to fruits, vegetables, or sources of protein.

Question 14

Higher rates of infant mortality are associated with

Accepted Answer

Family income level has been consistently identified as a significant determinant of infant mortality rates. Lower income families may have limited access to healthcare, proper nutrition, safe housing conditions, and education, all of which contribute to higher rates of infant mortality.

Question 15

Why is it especially important to treat infants' respiratory infections promptly and to take measures to reduce the transmission of respiratory illnesses among infants?

Accepted Answer

Infants' hearing impairment may result in language delays and spoken language difficulties. Thus, it is especially important to treat respiratory infections promptly and to take measures to reduce the transmission of respiratory illnesses among infants.

Question 16

Hannah was a preterm infant; she was born two months early. She may be 12 months old but her doctor refers to her as being a 10-month-old. What term would her doctor use to describe this statement?

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe this statement is "corrected age." It is a term used to adjust a premature infant's age based on their gestational age at birth. In this case, Hannah was born two months early, so her corrected age would be 10 months instead of 12 months. This is done to track her developmental milestones and growth more accurately.

Question 17

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

Accepted Answer

SIDS tends to occur more often if the mother smoked during pregnancy or the infant came into contact with smoke after birth.

Question 18

Around the world, the leading cause of death of children under the age of five is

Accepted Answer

macronutrient malnutrition.

Question 19

If baby Vincent is an average infant, by his first birthday he will have had

Accepted Answer

By his first birthday, an average infant like baby Vincent typically experiences around seven respiratory illnesses due to their developing immune system.

Question 20

In Canada, the highest rate of SIDS is found

Accepted Answer

Research has found that First Nations communities in Canada have the highest rate of SIDS compared to other populations, likely due to a combination of factors including poverty, overcrowding, and lack of access to healthcare.

Quiz 4: Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy