Question 1

Tacita is interested in how teachers' classroom management practices change over time.She conducts observations of 8 teachers' classrooms over the course of five years.She interviews the teachers and follows up with counts of referral data,disciplinary notes in children's files,and number of notes home per teacher per year.This study can be described as a:
A)QUAN-QUAL study
B)QUAN-qual study
C)QUAL-quan study
D)Quantitative study

Accepted Answer

Tacita's study is primarily qualitative, as indicated by her conducting observations and interviews, which are qualitative methods. The follow-up with counts of referral data, disciplinary notes, and number of notes home adds a quantitative element, making the study a mixed-methods study with a primary focus on qualitative data, hence QUAL-quan.

Question 2

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a multiphase iterative design?
A)A city has a typical voter turnout of 40% and so decides to implement a program to "get out the vote." First,they interview 38 voting-age adults about their voting practice.Then,six weeks before the local election,they begin an advertising campaign in the local media,community services,and neighborhoods.After the election,they see that voter turnout remained at 40%.They conduct more interviews to find out why,and ask in particular about people's response to the advertising campaign.They then begin planning a new campaign for the next election.
B)A researcher is interested in how low-income families budget each month,identifying and balancing necessities with items that might be considered luxuries.She begins by conducting a small focus group,asking open-ended questions about budgeting and letting the group take the topic wherever they choose.From their responses,she develops a more extensive set of interview questions and conducts a series of individual interviews over a six-month period.After analyzing the data,she develops a detailed survey,which she administers to a large sample of families,asking them to fill it out every other month for a year.
C)A team of medical researchers wants to understand why parents do not consistently take their children to the hospital for evaluation after falling and hitting their heads during play or sports.They conduct a two-phase study in which 283 parents first complete a 26-item survey regarding their parenting practices,medical knowledge of head injury and concussion,and medical histories.The team analyzes the survey results and formulates a set of focused interview questions,then calls a subset of the original sample and invites them to participate in a 2-hour interview.
D)A sociologist is interested in whether the increase of gender-nontraditional characters on television affects the way people think about laws on equal treatment.He contacts a sample of 16 individuals in his community who are active in civil rights organizations and conducts four focus groups to identify target television shows and key questions to ask in a second phase of his study.He then does a qualitative content analysis of the targeted television shows and uses that analysis to develop a set of interview questions.He then contacts a random sample of individuals across the country and invites them to participate in the interview via computer.

Accepted Answer

The scenario in choice A best illustrates a multiphase iterative design because it involves multiple cycles of design, implementation, evaluation, and refinement based on feedback, aiming to improve voter turnout through successive advertising campaigns.

Question 3

Of the following,which best illustrates an example of a mixed-methods study?
A)Jenka conducts interviews and observations in her study of transitional students.
B)Vanda conducts observations and supplements her findings with class grades.
C)Micky looks at percentages of successful transitions from the district and class grades.
D)Svec interviews both parents and their children regarding transition.

Accepted Answer

In option B, Vanda is conducting both observations and supplementing her findings with class grades, indicating the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods. This is an example of a mixed-methods study. The other options either only use qualitative or quantitative methods, or do not clearly specify the use of both types of methods.

Question 4

Mixed-methods research that has more than one phase usually employs which type of sampling method?
A)stratified random
B)purposive
C)probability
D)systematic

Accepted Answer

Mixed-methods research that has more than one phase often employs purposive sampling, which means the participants are selected based on specific criteria relevant to the research question or goals. This allows for a targeted and focused sampling approach, which is especially important when multiple phases with different objectives are involved. Stratified random sampling and systematic sampling are typically used in quantitative research designs, while probability sampling can also be used in mixed-methods research but may not be ideal for multi-phase studies.

Question 5

Why do mixed-methods studies require special consideration of the ethics involved in conducting the study? Explain,using an example to support your claims.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do mixed-methods studies require special consideration...

Question 6

Rodrigo wanted to investigate students' feeling about reading for pleasure.First,he interviewed students and then he used insights from the interviews to construct a survey to collect quantitative data.Which design has Rodrigo employed?
A)Convergent
B)Embedded
C)Exploratory
D)Explanatory

Accepted Answer

Rodrigo employed an exploratory research design because he first conducted interviews to gain insights and then constructed a survey to collect data. The purpose of this design is to explore new ideas and gain a deeper understanding of a topic, which is exactly what Rodrigo did.

Question 7

By definition,mixed-methods research designs
A)include both relationship questions and difference questions in the same study.
B)include both descriptive and inferential statistics in the analysis.
C)include both quantitative and qualitative data.
D)include a number of quantitative measures of student performance.

Accepted Answer

Mixed-methods research designs include both quantitative and qualitative data, which can be used to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the research topic. The other answer choices do not accurately describe mixed-methods designs.

Question 8

A study that relies primarily on quantitative data and uses qualitative data to follow up is considered an example of which approach to mixed methods design?
A)Multiphase iterative
B)Embedded
C)Exploratory
D)Explanatory

Accepted Answer

An explanatory mixed methods design involves starting with quantitative data to test a theory or answer research questions, and then using qualitative data to further explain or build upon those initial findings. This approach is characterized by the use of qualitative data to follow up on quantitative results, making choice D the correct answer.

Question 9

Shenny has been collecting quantitative and qualitative data within the same time frame.Each data set aims to address related but different research questions.Which design has Shenny employed?
A)Convergent
B)Embedded
C)Multiphase iterative
D)Explanatory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Shenny has been collecting quantitative and qualitative...

Question 10

Dorothy has been collecting both quantitative and qualitative data in parallel.She wanted to ensure triangulation with the hope that analyses of both data sets lead to similar conclusions about the phenomenon under investigation.Which design has Dorothy employed?
A)Convergent
B)Embedded
C)Multiphase iterative
D)Explanatory

Accepted Answer

Dorothy has employed the convergent design, which involves collecting both quantitative and qualitative data in parallel and then analyzing them together to ensure triangulation. The goal is to achieve a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under investigation and to verify the findings using multiple sources of data. The embedded design involves one method being the primary focus with the other method supporting it. The multiphase iterative design generally involves collecting data in multiple phases, with one phase informing the next. The explanatory design involves conducting quantitative research first and then using qualitative research to explain or expand on the findings.

Question 11

What are the general advantages of conducting a mixed-methods study,rather than two or more different studies,to address a single research question?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the general advantages of conducting...

Question 12

Sharon wanted to investigate student perceptions of homework.First,she distributed a survey to students and their parents and collected quantitative data.Second,she interviewed a few participants to gain insights on their survey responses.Which design has Sharon employed?
A)Convergent
B)Embedded
C)Exploratory
D)Explanatory

Accepted Answer

Sharon has employed an explanatory design because she first collected quantitative data through surveys and then followed up with qualitative data through interviews to gain deeper insights into the initial findings. This sequential approach is characteristic of explanatory mixed methods research, where the aim is to explain the quantitative results in more detail.

Question 13

Mixed-methods researchers should ask themselves,"Are the quantitative and qualitative data equally relevant to the same or related topics and research question(s)?" This question is most useful to help the researcher evaluate:
A)the validity of the study.
B)the purpose of the study.
C)the type of analysis to be used in the study.
D)the conclusions drawn as a result of the study.

Accepted Answer

This question is most useful to help the researcher evaluate the type of analysis to be used in the study. If the quantitative and qualitative data are equally relevant and related to the same topics and research question(s), then complementary analysis can be used, where the qualitative data is used to explain the quantitative data, or the opposite. When the data is not equally relevant or related, sequential analysis can be used, where one method is analyzed first, and then the other method is used to complement and validate the initial findings. The validity, purpose, and conclusions of the study are important but are not directly related to this question.

Question 14

The QUAN-qual model of mixed methods design is also known as
A)triangulation.
B)interpretation.
C)exploratory.
D)explanatory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The QUAN-qual model of mixed methods design...

Quiz 12: Mixed-Methods Designs

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates a multiphase iterative design?

Of the following,which best illustrates an example of a mixed-methods study?

Mixed-methods research that has more than one phase usually employs which type of sampling method?

Why do mixed-methods studies require special consideration of the ethics involved in conducting the study? Explain,using an example to support your claims.

Rodrigo wanted to investigate students' feeling about reading for pleasure.First,he interviewed students and then he used insights from the interviews to construct a survey to collect quantitative data.Which design has Rodrigo employed?

By definition,mixed-methods research designs

A study that relies primarily on quantitative data and uses qualitative data to follow up is considered an example of which approach to mixed methods design?

Shenny has been collecting quantitative and qualitative data within the same time frame.Each data set aims to address related but different research questions.Which design has Shenny employed?

Dorothy has been collecting both quantitative and qualitative data in parallel.She wanted to ensure triangulation with the hope that analyses of both data sets lead to similar conclusions about the phenomenon under investigation.Which design has Dorothy employed?

What are the general advantages of conducting a mixed-methods study,rather than two or more different studies,to address a single research question?

Sharon wanted to investigate student perceptions of homework.First,she distributed a survey to students and their parents and collected quantitative data.Second,she interviewed a few participants to gain insights on their survey responses.Which design has Sharon employed?

Mixed-methods researchers should ask themselves,"Are the quantitative and qualitative data equally relevant to the same or related topics and research question(s) ?" This question is most useful to help the researcher evaluate:

The QUAN-qual model of mixed methods design is also known as