In the expectancy model,the five most important variables of the expectancy model are first-level and second-level outcomes,expectancy,valence,and instrumentality.

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This statement is true. The expectancy model includes first-level outcomes (performance outcomes) and second-level outcomes (psychological outcomes), expectancy (belief that effort will lead to performance), valence (value placed on the outcome), and instrumentality (belief that performance will lead to the desired outcome). These are considered the five most important variables in the model.

In the Expectancy Model,the Five Most Important Variables of the Expectancy