The First Amendment Says,"Congress Shall Make No Law

The First Amendment says,"Congress shall make no law...",and it never mentions state or local governments.Why does the First Amendment apply to the states today?

A) because the Supreme Court simply rewrote it without any specific legal basis for doing so.
B) because of the "due process" clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
C) because of the Fifth Amendment "due process" clause.
D) because of the Fourth Amendment's safeguards against unreasonable searches and seizures.
E) because of the actual malice rule.