Question 1

Ironically, wages have declined since 1973, while worker _____ actually rose.

Accepted Answer

productivity

Question 2

Which term is defined as the processes by which everyone on Earth becomes increasingly interconnected economically, politically, culturally, and environmentally?

Accepted Answer

Globalization

Question 3

During the Industrial Revolution, which began in the _____ century, the application of steam power and later oil and electricity as energy sources for industry, mining, manufacturing, and transportation brought fundamental changes to the economy, the nature of work, family organization, and a transition from rural to urban life.

Accepted Answer

18th

Question 4

What is a term used to describe when independent contractors work from their homes, pay for their own health care and retirement plan, and furnish their own equipment?

Accepted Answer

Homesourcing

Question 5

Which American company laid off 30,000 American workers following September 11, 2001, and then announced it would be shifting most of its advanced design and engineering tasks to Russia and China, where these kinds of professionals are paid significantly less?

Accepted Answer

Boeing

Question 6

The term sunrise industry describes one that

Accepted Answer

is characterized by increased output and employment.

Question 7

Mary lives in Detroit, Michigan. She once worked as a customer service representative for a major automobile manufacturer, but lost her job when the company started _____ its customer service functions to India.

Accepted Answer

outsourcing

Question 8

Which term is used to describe what a company is doing when it moves its production to another country, producing the same products in the same way but with cheaper labor, lower taxes, and lower benefits to workers?

Accepted Answer

Offshoring

Question 9

Sectors of the economy that fade in importance or will die out completely are known as

Accepted Answer

sunset industries.

Question 10

About three-fourths of _____ (employees who work part time, in temporary jobs, or as independent contractors) are women.

Accepted Answer

contingent workers

Question 11

Which term is defined as the movement of people across political boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Immigration

Question 12

Manufacturing was the backbone of the U.S. economy in the 20th century, but is no longer dominant. In 1917, the largest U.S. corporation was U.S. Steel. Today, the largest U.S. corporation is

Accepted Answer

Wal-Mart

Question 13

By 2023 a majority of children (under 18 years of age) in the United States will be from a minority background. By what year will non-White ethnic groups surpass working-age Whites in number?

Accepted Answer

2039

Question 14

With relatively weak unions and competition from low-wage economies, U.S. corporations have been reducing _____, or setting up a two-tiered system that disadvantages newer employees.

Accepted Answer

workers' benefits

Question 15

Economist Paul Krugman points out that _____ has actually reduced the demand for white-collar workers.

Accepted Answer

technological progress

Question 16

Whereas in the past, Americans mostly worked at producing goods, today most jobs are in the service sector. Which of the following is NOT a service sector job?

Accepted Answer

Metal fabrication

Question 17

The chapter cites two fundamental turning points in human history. What and when was the first of these two major turning points?

Accepted Answer

The Neolithic agricultural revolution that began about 8000 BC

Question 18

The term capital flight is defined as

Accepted Answer

the movement of corporate money from one investment to another through investment in plants located in other nations, plant relocation within the United States, and mergers.

Question 19

Among other changes, new _____ have, most significantly, magnified the connections among all peoples across the globe.

Accepted Answer

technologies

Question 20

Today, _____ of the people in the United States are either African American, Latino, Asian American, or Native American.

Accepted Answer

more than one third

Quiz 16: Structural Sources of Social Change: Economic and Demographic