The health care provider asks the nurse to monitor a client with hypertension for signs of kidney damage.Which clinical manifestation would indicate kidney damage?

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Proteinuria, or the presence of excess protein in the urine, is a common indicator of kidney damage or dysfunction. This is frequently seen in individuals with hypertension, as high blood pressure can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys and impair their ability to filter waste products from the blood. A low urine output, indicated by choice A, may also be a sign of kidney damage, but it is not as specific as proteinuria in this case. Dysuria, or painful urination, is not typically associated with kidney damage but may be a symptom of a urinary tract infection or other condition. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 105, as noted in choice D, is actually within the normal range and would not indicate kidney damage or dysfunction.

The Health Care Provider Asks the Nurse to Monitor a Client