Question 1

The nurse is providing group education about lipids to patients who have been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia.What does the best instruction include?

Accepted Answer

High density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as good cholesterol because it removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it to the liver for excretion. This lowers the risk of plaque buildup in arteries, decreasing the risk of heart disease.

Question 2

Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of developing heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Patient C has a total cholesterol level of 198mg/dL, an LDL level of 162mg/dL, and an HDL level of 20mg/dL. This places them at the greatest risk for developing heart disease, as they have high levels of LDL and low levels of HDL. High LDL levels are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and heart disease, while low HDL levels are associated with a decreased ability to remove cholesterol from the bloodstream. Patients A and D are also at increased risk, but not as much as patient C. Patient B has high total cholesterol, but a favorable lipid profile with high HDL levels, which may be protective against heart disease.

Question 3

Which lipid type is associated with the highest risk of atherosclerosis development?

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

The patient is receiving niacin.Although this drug is effective in lowering lipid levels,the patient complains of uncomfortable flushing.What is the best education by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Taking one aspirin 30 minutes before taking niacin can reduce the incidence and severity of the uncomfortable flushing side effect. Therefore, it is the best education to provide to the patient.

Question 5

The patient tells the nurse,"My doctor says I have high levels of fat in my blood.Is that like big pieces of fat floating around?" What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Lipoproteins are responsible for carrying fats (in the form of lipids) in the bloodstream. This is a more accurate and specific explanation than the other options presented.

Question 6

Which type of lipoprotein is often referred to as "the good type," and why?

Accepted Answer

HDL, or high-density lipoprotein, is often referred to as "the good type" because it carries cholesterol away from tissues and to the liver for metabolism and excretion, helping to prevent the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries. Triglycerides (A) are not considered "good" or "bad" and are used for energy. LDL (C) is often referred to as "the bad type" because it can contribute to the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries. VLDL (D) is considered less desirable than HDL because it contains a higher percentage of triglycerides and can contribute to the buildup of cholesterol in the arteries.

Question 7

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)is a statin that can be used to lower blood cholesterol levels by

Accepted Answer

Atorvastatin (Lipitor) inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, which is an essential enzyme in the process of cholesterol synthesis. Thus, it reduces the production of endogenous cholesterol in the liver and lowers blood cholesterol levels.

Question 8

The patient is receiving cholestryamine (Questran),and complains of constipation.The physician orders bisacodyl (Ducolax)tablets.When is the best time for the nurse to administer the bisacodyl (Ducolax)tablets?

Accepted Answer

Bisacodyl (Ducolax) should be administered four hours after administration of cholestyramine (Questran) to avoid interference with the absorption of cholestyramine. It is also important to administer bisacodyl with a full glass of water, and it does not need to be taken with food.

Question 9

The patient is receiving gemfibrozil (Lopid).The nurse has completed discharge instructions about this medication.The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective when the patient makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

Gemfibrozil (Lopid) can cause gastrointestinal upset, so it is recommended to take it with food to decrease the risk of heartburn or stomach upset. It should not be taken on an empty stomach. Option A is incorrect for this medication. Option C is incorrect as taking medications correctly is important for their effectiveness. Option D is incorrect as there is no evidence that taking gemfibrozil with yogurt will enhance its absorption.

Question 10

The patient tells the nurse that his doctor wants him to take a medication for his high cholesterol,but he doesn't know which one would be best.What is (are)the best response(s)by the nurse? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The patient tells the nurse that his...

Question 11

The patient is receiving a statin drug.The nurse notes an increase in creatine phosphokinase (CPK)levels.What is the nurse's priority action?

Accepted Answer

An increase in CPK levels can indicate muscle damage, which is a potential side effect of statin drugs. Holding the drug and notifying the physician is the priority action to prevent further harm to the patient. The physician may choose to adjust the dosage or switch to a different medication. Obtaining another CPK level in 6 hours or administering the drug and continuing to assess for muscle pain are not appropriate actions without consulting the physician first.

Question 12

The patient is taking a statin drug.Which assessment data would be a priority for the nurse to report immediately to the physician?

Accepted Answer

Pain and difficulty with walking may indicate rhabdomyolysis, a serious side effect of statin drugs that can lead to kidney damage. This requires immediate medical attention. The other options may be side effects of statins but are not as urgent.

Question 13

Which statement provides the best rationale for monitoring HDL and LDL as opposed to total cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring HDL and LDL levels is more specific than measuring total cholesterol because total cholesterol includes both the "good" (HDL) and "bad" (LDL) cholesterol, as well as cholesterol that will be destroyed or transported to tissues and stored. Therefore, monitoring HDL and LDL levels provides a clearer picture of a person's cardiovascular risk.

Question 14

Which type of lipid serves as fuel for the body when energy is needed?

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides serve as the primary fuel source for the body when energy is needed. They are broken down into fatty acids, which can be metabolized by the body for energy. Phospholipids and lecithins are important components of cell membranes, while steroids have various functions such as hormone production and regulation.

Question 15

Which statement correctly identifies why simply restricting dietary intake of cholesterol generally will not result in a significant reduction of blood cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement correctly identifies why simply restricting...

Question 16

The patient is receiving a statin drug.Which assessment data would be a priority for the nurse to report to the physician?

Accepted Answer

A low urine output of 20 mL/hour may indicate renal failure and is a potential side effect of statin drugs. This warrants immediate reporting to the physician as it requires further evaluation and may necessitate a change in medication or dosage. Bowel sounds, urine output of 200 mL/hour, and moderate elevation in LFTs may also require monitoring or intervention, but they are not as urgent as a low urine output.

Question 17

The patient says to the nurse,"My doctor says I have heart disease and I need to decrease cholesterol in my diet.How did this happen?" What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Option A is the best response as it is accurate and concise. It explains that heart disease occurs due to narrowed arteries around the heart caused by LDL cholesterol buildup in them. It is important for the patient to understand the cause of their condition in order to better manage it. Options B and D are not entirely accurate and may confuse the patient. Option C is also not entirely accurate and may mislead the patient into thinking that decreasing LDL cholesterol in their diet is not important.

Question 18

The patient tells the nurse she is confused about what she has been reading about lipids.What is (are)the best response(s)by the nurse? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids are crucial for cell membrane structure, cholesterol is a precursor for hormones, triglycerides are the main fat form, and dietary cholesterol isn't needed as the liver produces it.

Question 19

The nurse has completed nutritional teaching with the patient who has a high low density lipoprotein (LDL)level.The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective when the patient makes which menu choice?

Accepted Answer

Grilled chicken with rice and broccoli (lean protein and vegetables), tossed salad with walnuts and sliced apples (fiber and healthy fats), slice of whole-wheat bread (whole grain), and low-fat chocolate pudding (lower in saturated fat than apple pie or brownie) make for a heart-healthy and low LDL menu choice. The other options contain higher levels of saturated and/or unhealthy fats.

Question 20

The patient is receiving cholestryamine (Questran).When assessing for side effects,what will be the primary focus of the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Cholestryamine is a bile acid sequestrant that works in the intestines to bind and remove bile acids from the body. It is primarily used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. A common side effect of cholestryamine is gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort, such as constipation, bloating, and abdominal discomfort. Therefore, the nurse should assess for bowel sounds in all four abdominal quadrants to monitor for any GI distress or complications. Auscultating heart sounds, assessing 24-hour urine output, and palpation for peripheral edema in the lower extremities are not directly related to the expected side effects of cholestryamine.

Quiz 22: Drugs for Lipid Disorders

The nurse is providing group education about lipids to patients who have been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia.What does the best instruction include?

Which of the following patients would be at the greatest risk of developing heart disease?

Which lipid type is associated with the highest risk of atherosclerosis development?

The patient is receiving niacin.Although this drug is effective in lowering lipid levels,the patient complains of uncomfortable flushing.What is the best education by the nurse?

The patient tells the nurse,"My doctor says I have high levels of fat in my blood.Is that like big pieces of fat floating around?" What is the best response by the nurse?

Which type of lipoprotein is often referred to as "the good type," and why?

Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a statin that can be used to lower blood cholesterol levels by

The patient is receiving cholestryamine (Questran) ,and complains of constipation.The physician orders bisacodyl (Ducolax) tablets.When is the best time for the nurse to administer the bisacodyl (Ducolax) tablets?

The patient is receiving gemfibrozil (Lopid) .The nurse has completed discharge instructions about this medication.The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective when the patient makes which statement?

The patient tells the nurse that his doctor wants him to take a medication for his high cholesterol,but he doesn't know which one would be best.What is (are) the best response(s) by the nurse? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The patient is receiving a statin drug.The nurse notes an increase in creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels.What is the nurse's priority action?

The patient is taking a statin drug.Which assessment data would be a priority for the nurse to report immediately to the physician?

Which statement provides the best rationale for monitoring HDL and LDL as opposed to total cholesterol?

Which type of lipid serves as fuel for the body when energy is needed?

Which statement correctly identifies why simply restricting dietary intake of cholesterol generally will not result in a significant reduction of blood cholesterol?

The patient is receiving a statin drug.Which assessment data would be a priority for the nurse to report to the physician?

The patient says to the nurse,"My doctor says I have heart disease and I need to decrease cholesterol in my diet.How did this happen?" What is the best response by the nurse?

The patient tells the nurse she is confused about what she has been reading about lipids.What is (are) the best response(s) by the nurse? Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse has completed nutritional teaching with the patient who has a high low density lipoprotein (LDL) level.The nurse recognizes that teaching has been effective when the patient makes which menu choice?

The patient is receiving cholestryamine (Questran) .When assessing for side effects,what will be the primary focus of the nurse?