Question 1

Which of the following is not a function of ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Ligaments connect bone to bone or support joint capsules, but they do not connect tendons to bone. Tendons attach muscles to bones.

Question 2

Arthrokinematics is concerned with gross bony motions.

Accepted Answer

Arthrokinematics is concerned with the small subtle movements between the articulating surfaces of bones within a joint, such as roll, glide, and spin.

Question 3

The convex-concave principle states that if a convex surface moves on a concave surface, the roll and glide occur in the same direction.

Accepted Answer

The convex-concave rule states that when a convex joint surface moves on a stationary concave surface, the roll and glide occur in opposite directions.

Question 4

Goniometry is useful in quantifying translatory motion between adjacent bony segments.

Accepted Answer

Goniometry is a measurement tool used to measure the angle of joints but is not meant for measuring translatory motion. It measures the range of motion of a joint in degrees.

Question 5

During rotary motion, the farther the distance from the axis of motion, the greater the velocity of that point.

Accepted Answer

This statement is known as the law of conservation of angular momentum. According to this law, during rotary motion, the farther the distance of a point from the axis of motion, the greater the velocity of that point, and the greater the angular momentum of the system.

Question 6

All of the following are characteristics of closed kinetic chain (CKC) motion except:

Accepted Answer

Closed kinetic chain motion typically occurs slower than open kinetic chain motion because multiple joints are involved and the movement is more complex.

Question 7

Hinge joints exhibit ______degree(s) of freedom.

Accepted Answer

Hinge joints, like the elbow and knee, allow movement in one plane only, thus exhibiting one degree of freedom.

Question 8

A condyloid or ellipsoidal joint is characterized by motion in ________planes.

Accepted Answer

A condyloid or ellipsoidal joint allows motion in two planes, which are typically flexion/extension and abduction/adduction. This type of joint has an oval-shaped articular surface on one bone that matches with a concave surface on the other bone, allowing for this type of two-plane movement. Examples of condyloid joints include the wrist and the metacarpophalangeal joints of the fingers.

Question 9

Which of the following is always classified as a "pathological" end-feel?

Accepted Answer

An empty end-feel always indicates pathology, as it suggests there is no resistance to the joint movement due to the joint being unable to reach an end range due to pain or other factors. Soft, firm, and hard end-feels can be normal or pathological, depending on the joint and the specific circumstances.

Question 10

Kinematics is associated with motion of a body or segment without regard to the forces that produce motion.

Accepted Answer

Kinematics is the study of motion without considering the forces that cause or influence the motion. It focuses on describing the physical parameters of motion such as position, velocity, acceleration, and time.

Question 11

Closed kinematic chain motions occur when the distal segment is fixed and the proximal segments move.

Accepted Answer

In a closed kinematic chain, the distal segment is fixed and cannot move while the motion occurs in the proximal segments. This is in contrast to an open kinematic chain where the distal segment can move freely.

Question 12

Adduction is associated with movements of a segment further away from midline of the body.

Accepted Answer

Adduction refers to movements of a segment closer to the midline of the body, whereas abduction refers to movements of a segment further away from the midline of the body.

Question 13

Closed packed positions of synovial joints are best characterized by ________joint congruency and ________gliding between articular surfaces

Accepted Answer

Closed packed positions of synovial joints are characterized by maximal joint congruency and minimal gliding between articular surfaces, as the joint surfaces fit together most tightly in these positions.

Question 14

Gliding occurs between two articular surfaces when:

Accepted Answer

Gliding occurs when one joint surface moves parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint surface. This type of movement is also known as sliding or translation. Glide movements usually involve relatively small amounts of movement, often occurring between joint surfaces with non-spherical shapes, such as the intervertebral joints in the spine or the wrist bones.

Quiz 1: Basic Concepts in Kinesiology: Kinematics