Question 1

Suppose you are reading statistics about a particular college. This college reports that about 30-40% of the student body has been treated for depression. Generalizing from statistics reported in the text, you would know that the students at this college are about ____ as likely to suffer from depression as are students nation-wide.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C) twice, because the national average for depression among college students is generally reported to be around 15-20%. Therefore, if this college reports 30-40%, it is roughly twice the national average.

Question 2

Nancy has just entered her teenage years. Although she was a good student in elementary, school she recently has gotten into trouble at school because she is behaving inappropriately and she does not seem to be able to control herself well enough to get enough sleep and complete her homework. If Nancy's difficulties are linked to the parenting style of her parents, they would most likely be described as:

Accepted Answer

Permissive parents tend to have few rules and limits and are often non-demanding in regards to behavior and responsibility. This parenting style may lead to children feeling entitled and lacking self-discipline or self-control, which could explain Nancy's recent misbehavior and lack of self-regulation.

Question 3

In comparison to statistics from the 1970s, today in the United States surveys find that cigarette smoking by adolescents has:

Accepted Answer

According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), cigarette smoking by adolescents has declined substantially since the 1970s. In 1975, around 28% of high school seniors reported smoking cigarettes in the past month. However, by 2019, this figure had dropped to around 5%.

Question 4

Jose constantly measures himself against his friends, noting how he is better at some things and not as good at others. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Jose's behavior of measuring himself against his friends is an example of social comparison, which involves evaluating one's own abilities, achievements, and characteristics by comparing them to those of others.

Question 5

In comparison to a crowd, a clique is _______ and is ______ likely to include members of both genders.

Accepted Answer

A clique is a smaller group of individuals who are closely connected and tend to interact exclusively with each other. Therefore, a clique is smaller than a crowd. Additionally, cliques tend to form based on shared interests, beliefs, or characteristics, leading to a higher likelihood of gender homogeneity. Therefore, a clique is less likely to include members of both genders.

Question 6

Judy was raised by Republican parents and so, when asked her party preferences, she says, "Hmm…I guess I'm a Republican, but I really don't know." Generalizing from Marcia's view of identity formation, which label best describes Judy's political identity status?

Accepted Answer

Judy's political identity is in a state of diffusion because she has not yet developed a clear and stable sense of her political beliefs. She is still exploring her options and has not yet made a commitment to any particular party or ideology.

Question 7

According to the text, in comparison with younger adolescents, older adolescents are _____ concerned with their date's physical appearance and ______ concerned with their date's personality characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The text states that "in comparison to younger adolescents, older adolescents are less concerned with physical appearance and more concerned with personality characteristics when it comes to choosing romantic partners." Therefore, option B, which states that older adolescents are less concerned with physical appearance and more concerned with personality characteristics, is the correct answer.

Question 8

Statistically, you should expect that delinquency rates would be highest in:

Accepted Answer

Delinquency rates are historically higher in areas that are characterized by poverty, crime, and limited opportunities for economic and social advancement. Urban areas are more likely to exhibit these traits, especially in neighborhoods with high levels of poverty and street crime. Rural areas, on the other hand, may have lower overall population densities and less exposure to city-style crime, but they still face high levels of poverty and limited economic growth. However, delinquency rates in rural areas tend to be lower than in urban areas. The other two answer choices, C) rich urban areas and D) rich rural areas, are less likely to have high delinquency rates due to lower poverty levels and greater access to opportunities for education and economic advancement.

Question 9

According to the text, the two major tasks for teenagers to accomplish during adolescence are:

Accepted Answer

The text states that the two major tasks for teenagers during adolescence are forming an identity and becoming independent from parents. While the other options may be important, they are not specifically identified as the two major tasks for teenagers during adolescence in the text.

Question 10

Making your own judgments and regulating your own behavior is known as what?

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation refers to the ability to make your own judgments and control your own behavior. Self-confidence refers to belief in oneself and one's abilities, and self-efficacy refers to the belief in one's ability to accomplish specific tasks. Self-consciousness refers to being aware of oneself and one's surroundings.

Question 11

Suppose the Jones family has four children. The level of conflict in the family is most likely to increase the most dramatically when which of these children reaches adolescence?

Accepted Answer

When the oldest child reaches adolescence, the level of conflict in the family is most likely to increase the most dramatically. This is because the transition of the first child into adolescence introduces new parenting challenges and dynamics that the parents have not previously encountered, leading to potential increases in family conflict as adjustments are made.

Question 12

According to statistics reported in the text, what percentage of U. S. teenagers has used alcohol by the end of high school?

Accepted Answer

According to the text, 70% of U.S. teenagers have used alcohol by the end of high school.

Question 13

Which of the following has been shown to be the strongest predictor of depression in male and female adolescents:

Accepted Answer

According to research, having low self-esteem has been shown to be the strongest predictor of depression in both male and female adolescents. While substance abuse and sexual abuse may also be risk factors for depression, low self-esteem has consistently shown a stronger correlation.

Question 14

Which parenting style is associated with the most positive outcome for adolescent behavior?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parenting style is associated with the most positive outcome for adolescent behavior. This style involves setting clear rules and expectations, being warm and supportive, and allowing for open communication and discussion. This approach fosters independence, responsibility, and self-esteem in adolescents, while also providing structure and guidance. In contrast, authoritarian and neglectful parenting styles can lead to negative outcomes, while permissive parenting lacks necessary structure and boundaries.

Question 15

Generalizing from the text, during the early part of adolescence, the source of most conflicts between teenagers and their parents is which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

During the early part of adolescence, the source of most conflicts between teenagers and their parents is typically family rules and obligations, such as curfews, chores, and expectations around schoolwork and social behavior. Career choices, religious beliefs, and political beliefs may become sources of conflict later in adolescence or young adulthood, but are generally not as prevalent during the early teenage years.

Question 16

In industrialized nations, the period between the ages of 18 and 25 is often called the period of:

Accepted Answer

This period of time between the ages of 18 and 25 is often referred to as emerging adulthood. It is a time when individuals are no longer teenagers, but they have not yet fully embraced adult roles and responsibilities. This is a time when individuals are often exploring their identity, forming intimate relationships, and making decisions about their future. It is also a time when many individuals are pursuing higher education, starting careers, or experiencing financial independence for the first time. This stage of life was first coined by psychologist Jeffrey Arnett in the early 2000s.

Question 17

According to the text, an adolescent "clique" consists of:

Accepted Answer

The text describes an adolescent clique as a "highly cohesive group of 3 to 9 peers."

Question 18

Carlos is an adolescent boy who has been subjected to sexual abuse. Which of the following people would most likely have been the abuser?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carlos is an adolescent boy who has...

Question 19

Since the mid-1950s, suicide rates for adolescents ages 15 to 19 have_________.

Accepted Answer

Suicide rates for adolescents ages 15 to 19 have nearly tripled since the mid-1950s. There has been a significant increase in suicide rates in recent years, particularly among females in this age group.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the risk factors commonly associated with adolescent suicide?

Accepted Answer

Belonging to the "most popular" peer group in the school is not a risk factor for adolescent suicide. In fact, it is often seen as a protective factor as it provides social support and a sense of belonging. The other options (being depressed, experiencing a stressful family event, alcohol and/or drug abuse) are all commonly associated with adolescent suicide.

Quiz 11: Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood: Personality and Sociocultural Development