Question 1

As children develop, their construct systems
A) become less complex.
B) become less differentiated.
C) become more hierarchical.
D) become more rigid.

Accepted Answer

As children develop, their construct systems become more hierarchical. This means that their understanding of concepts becomes more organized and structured, with subcategories and levels of understanding. This allows for greater organization and better able to process complex ideas.

Question 2

Fixed-role therapy encourages clients to
A) represent themselves in new ways.
B) behave in new ways.
C) construe themselves in new ways.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Fixed-role therapy is a therapeutic approach that encourages clients to experiment with and adopt new behaviors, perspectives, and ways of presenting themselves, thereby encompassing all the aspects mentioned: representing themselves in new ways, behaving in new ways, and construing themselves in new ways.

Question 3

In Rogers' theory, a person experienced anxiety when there was a discrepancy between experience and perception of the self. For Kelly, one experiences anxiety when
A) one is aware of imminent, comprehensive change in one's environment.
B) one recognizes events that are outside one's construct system.
C) undertaking a dangerous task.
D) one experiences invalidated constructs.

Accepted Answer

Kelly's theory suggests that anxiety occurs when a person encounters events that cannot be understood or predicted within their existing construct system, indicating a gap in their cognitive framework.

Question 4

According to Kelly, psychopathology is a
A) disordered response to anxiety.
B) disordered functioning of the construct system.
C) faulty effort to reestablish prediction.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

According to Kelly, psychopathology encompasses all these aspects: a disordered response to anxiety, disordered functioning of the construct system, and a faulty effort to reestablish prediction. These elements are integral to his theory of personality, which emphasizes how individuals interpret and predict events in their lives using personal construct systems.

Question 5

Research by Grice reveals that if you give individuals Kelly's REP test, you learn
A) a lot of information about them that you would not learn if you simply gave them a five-factor trait theory test.
B) the same information that you would learn about them if you simply gave them a five-factor trait theory test.
C) less information about them than you would learn if you simply gave them a five-factor trait theory test.

Accepted Answer

Kelly's REP test, based on George Kelly's personal construct theory, is designed to explore the unique ways in which individuals construe or interpret events and people in their lives. This approach yields rich, qualitative data about a person's cognitive processes and personal constructs, offering insights that are different and often more nuanced than those provided by the five-factor trait theory, which quantifies personality across five broad dimensions. Thus, the REP test can reveal a lot of information that is not captured by the more generalized and quantitative five-factor model.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of Kelly's theory?
A) It is based on clinical experience.
B) It is behavioral.
C) It is based on laboratory research.
D) It uses questionnaires.

Accepted Answer

Kelly's theory, also known as Personal Construct Psychology, is primarily based on clinical experience. George Kelly, the psychologist behind this theory, developed it through his work with clients, focusing on how individuals construct and interpret their experiences.

Question 7

Fixed-role therapy does not involve
A) representing yourself in a new way.
B) believing yourself to be a new person.
C) construing things in new ways.
D) All of the above are involved.

Accepted Answer

Fixed-role therapy involves acting out a new role or adopting a new perspective temporarily, but it does not require genuinely believing oneself to be a new person. It's more about exploring different ways of interacting and thinking.

Question 8

The following quote from the text is Kelly's definition of __________. It "is the recognition that the events with which one is confronted lie outside the range of convenience of one's construct system."
A) frustration
B) invalidation
C) anxiety
D) incongruity

Accepted Answer

This quote defines "anxiety" according to Kelly's theory. It describes anxiety as the feeling that arises when one is faced with events that do not fit within their existing framework of understanding the world, indicating that the situation is beyond what their construct system can accommodate.

Question 9

In relation to psychoanalysis, Kelly rejected
A) Freud as a clinician.
B) insight and the discovery of truth.
C) both a and b.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In relation to psychoanalysis, Kelly rejected
A) Freud...

Question 10

Kelly's view concerning psychopathology involves the concept of anxiety and, therefore, it is similar to that of
A) Freud.
B) Rogers.
C) both (a) and (b).
D) neither (a) nor (b).

Accepted Answer

Kelly's view on psychopathology, which involves the concept of anxiety, shares similarities with both Freud and Rogers. Freud's psychoanalytic theory emphasizes anxiety as a pivotal psychological phenomenon, while Rogers' humanistic approach also considers anxiety as a key factor in understanding psychological distress.

Question 11

Development of the construct system is facilitated by
A) varied experiences.
B) inconsistency.
C) strict childrearing practices.
D) none of the above.

Accepted Answer

Varied experiences help individuals to build a diverse and complex system of constructs. Through exposure to different situations and people, one can create a broader range of categories or constructs to understand the world around them. Inconsistency and strict childrearing practices may actually limit the range of constructs an individual can develop.

Question 12

Fixed-role therapy assumes that people
A) have unconscious motives.
B) are what they do.
C) seek self-actualization.
D) seek certainty.

Accepted Answer

Fixed-role therapy assumes that people are what they do, meaning that their behaviors define who they are. It does not assume that people have unconscious motives, seek self-actualization, or seek certainty.

Question 13

A person anticipating the entrance of a new construct into the construct system would be most likely to experience ____________, according to Kelly's system.
A) threat
B) anxiety
C) fear
D) both (a) and (b)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person anticipating the entrance of a...

Question 14

For Kelly, anxiety is
A) the result of internal threat.
B) the result of invalidated constructs.
C) the result of not having constructs for a situation.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For Kelly, anxiety is
A) the result of...

Question 15

Kelly's personal construct theory provided for viewing the person from multiple perspectives.

Accepted Answer

Kelly's personal construct theory emphasized the importance of understanding the individual's unique way of perceiving the world and generated multiple perspectives for viewing the person.

Question 16

Which of the following is a criticism of Kelly's theory?
A) The process of construct change is not made very explicit.
B) It has little to say about growth and development.
C) It neglects some aspects such as feelings.
D) All of the above are criticisms.

Accepted Answer

All of the above are criticisms of Kelly's theory. The process of construct change is not clearly outlined, it lacks a clear explanation of growth and development, and it neglects some aspects such as feelings.

Question 17

As children develop, their construct system
A) increases in hierarchical organization.
B) increases in permeability.
C) increases in dilation.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As children develop, their construct system
A) increases...

Question 18

Development involves
A) an increased ability to take distance on self and others.
B) increased egocentricity.
C) increased use of self-relevant constructs.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Development involves an increased ability to take distance on self and others. This means that individuals become more aware of their own perspectives as well as the perspectives of others, which leads to a greater sense of objectivity and empathy. Increased egocentricity and use of self-relevant constructs are not characteristics of healthy development, but rather may indicate stagnation or regression in development.

Question 19

According to Kelly's system whenever people feel that a major shake-up in the construct system is about to occur, they feel
A) anxiety.
B) threat.
C) frustration.
D) fear.

Accepted Answer

According to George Kelly's Personal Construct Theory, when individuals perceive that their core constructs or the way they understand the world are about to undergo significant change, they experience a sense of threat. This is because their fundamental means of predicting and interpreting experiences are challenged.

Question 20

For Kelly, the response to threat may be
A) regression.
B) confusion.
C) growth-development.
D) all of the above.

Accepted Answer

Kelly proposed the concept of constructive alternativism, which suggests that people have the ability to interpret and respond to the environment in different ways based on their personal constructions. Therefore, the response to threat may vary depending on the individual's construction system, and can include regression, confusion, or growth-development.

Quiz 11: A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

As children develop, their construct systems

Fixed-role therapy encourages clients to

In Rogers' theory, a person experienced anxiety when there was a discrepancy between experience and perception of the self. For Kelly, one experiences anxiety when

According to Kelly, psychopathology is a

Research by Grice reveals that if you give individuals Kelly's REP test, you learn

Which of the following is true of Kelly's theory?

Fixed-role therapy does not involve

The following quote from the text is Kelly's definition of __________. It "is the recognition that the events with which one is confronted lie outside the range of convenience of one's construct system."

In relation to psychoanalysis, Kelly rejected

Kelly's view concerning psychopathology involves the concept of anxiety and, therefore, it is similar to that of

Development of the construct system is facilitated by

Fixed-role therapy assumes that people

A person anticipating the entrance of a new construct into the construct system would be most likely to experience ____________, according to Kelly's system.

For Kelly, anxiety is

Kelly's personal construct theory provided for viewing the person from multiple perspectives.

Which of the following is a criticism of Kelly's theory?

As children develop, their construct system

Development involves

According to Kelly's system whenever people feel that a major shake-up in the construct system is about to occur, they feel

For Kelly, the response to threat may be