Question 1

The purpose of the first step in the four-step program evaluation model in Chapter 13 is to:

Accepted Answer

The first step in the four-step program evaluation model is to determine the desired program goals. This step involves clarifying the intended outcomes of the program, as well as identifying the target population and any other relevant contextual factors. While documenting program activities and determining if program goals were attained are important aspects of program evaluation, these come later in the evaluation process.

Question 2

The third step in the four-step program evaluation model in Chapter 13.

Accepted Answer

The third step in the four-step program evaluation model is outcome evaluation. This step involves assessing the extent to which the program achieved its intended outcomes or goals. It focuses on measuring the changes or impacts the program had on participants or the target population. Therefore, option C, outcome evaluation, is the best choice.

Question 3

The second step in the program evaluation model in chapter 12,which asks "What program activities were implemented?" and "What was learned from these experiences?"

Accepted Answer

The second step in the program evaluation model is process evaluation, which involves assessing the implementation of program activities and identifying lessons learned from the process. Progress evaluation looks at short-term changes or accomplishments, outcome evaluation assesses long-term effects or outcomes, and impacts evaluation examines broader societal or systemic changes.

Question 4

A drawback of the process-and-outputs approach to program evaluation is that it omits:

Accepted Answer

The process-and-outputs approach primarily focuses on the implementation of the program and outputs produced, but it does not provide a clear understanding of whether the program achieved its intended goals and outcomes. Thus, it omits the most crucial aspect of program evaluation, which is assessing the effectiveness or impact of the program.

Question 5

Program evaluation has become more important for community programs because it helps meet pressures from program funders and the public for:

Accepted Answer

Program evaluation is crucial for demonstrating the accountability of programs to funders and the public, ensuring that resources are used effectively and objectives are met.

Question 6

A community program probably will not have its intended effects if:

Accepted Answer

Both options A and B can cause a community program to not have its intended effects. If the assumptions of the program are incorrect, the program design, implementation, and evaluation will be flawed. If the program is not implemented adequately, the necessary resources and support for the program's success may be lacking. Therefore, both factors should be considered and addressed in the program planning and implementation process. Process evaluation can help to identify areas where the program may need to be adjusted or improved over time, but it does not guarantee the program's success if the underlying assumptions and implementation are flawed.

Question 7

Community "ownership" of the program evaluation,democratic participation in program planning and evaluation,and commitment to fair allocation of resources and power,are principles of which evaluation method in Chapter 13?

Accepted Answer

Empowerment evaluation emphasizes community involvement and democratic participation in program planning and evaluation. It also focuses on sharing power and resources fairly among stakeholders. The other evaluation methods listed do not prioritize these principles as prominently.

Question 8

One difference of empowerment evaluation principles from the four-step approach and the Getting To Outcomes approach in Chapter 13 is that only empowerment evaluation:

Accepted Answer

Empowerment evaluation principles emphasize values of social justice and democratic participation, which is not a focus in the four-step approach or Getting To Outcomes approach. The other options are not accurate as both approaches use program evaluation to foster program improvement, emphasize evidence-based strategies, and emphasize careful assessment of program goals and accountability.

Question 9

A school-based program might measure its ____ with questionnaires completed by students after participating in the program,and its ____ with school records of grades,disciplinary actions,suspensions,and visits to guidance counselors.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because outcomes are the results of a program, and impacts are the effects of a program. Questionnaires completed by students after participating in the program would measure the outcomes of the program, and school records of grades, disciplinary actions, suspensions, and visits to guidance counselors would measure the impacts of the program.

Question 10

Building the capacity of a community members to plan,implement and evaluate their own programs,and to strengthen program accountability to the public,are key assumptions of which evaluation method in Chapter 13?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Building the capacity of a community members...

Question 11

Developing a logic model for a community program,as discussed in Chapter 13,helps fulfills one of the elements of effective community change initiatives in Chapter 12.Which one?

Accepted Answer

Developing a logic model for a community program helps to create a plausible theory of change, which is one of the elements of effective community change initiatives as discussed in Chapter 12. Therefore, the best choice is A) developing a plausible theory of change.

Question 12

In community psychology and program evaluation,____ are shorter-term effects of a program,while ____ are longer-term effects.

Accepted Answer

Outcomes are the shorter-term effects of a program, while impacts are the longer-term effects. This is a commonly used distinction in community psychology and program evaluation. Processes refer to the steps or actions taken in implementing a program, while actions do not necessarily refer specifically to program effects. Therefore, choices C and D are not the best options.

Question 13

Process evaluation can enrich outcome and impact evaluations because it can provide information on what?

Accepted Answer

Process evaluation provides insights into the implementation process, helping to understand why a program was successful or not, beyond just measuring outcomes.

Question 14

The four-step program evaluation method in Chapter 13 includes:

Accepted Answer

The four-step program evaluation method in Chapter 13 includes identifying goals and outcomes, as well as evaluating outcomes and impacts. Therefore, the best choice is D, which includes both options. Progress evaluation is also an important part of program evaluation, but it is not included in the four-step method described in Chapter 13.

Question 15

Process evaluation helps with accountability to program funders regarding:

Accepted Answer

Process evaluation focuses on the implementation of planned activities, ensuring that the program is being executed as intended, which is crucial for accountability to funders.

Question 16

A community program probably will not have its intended effects if the program's theory of change is incorrect,or if the program is not:

Accepted Answer

A community program can have a well-designed theory of change and be based on rigorous quantitative research, but it will not have its intended effects if it is not implemented well in the local setting. Implementation is critical for the success of a community program, as it involves adapting the program to local contexts and ensuring that it is implemented with fidelity. While studying the program with an experimental design and conducting quantitative research can be beneficial for evaluating the program's effectiveness, they are not prerequisites for a community program to have its intended effects.

Question 17

A partnership of evaluators and program staff,and a commitment to using evaluation data to foster program improvement,are characteristic of which approach(es)in Chapter 13?

Accepted Answer

All the mentioned approaches emphasize the partnership between evaluators and program staff and the commitment to using evaluation data for program improvement.

Question 18

Determining target groups and desired outcomes are elements of the ____ step of the four-step program evaluation model in chapter 13?

Accepted Answer

Determining target groups and desired outcomes are elements of the first step of the four-step program evaluation model in chapter 13.

Question 19

In program evaluation,desired outcomes are to be ____ .

Accepted Answer

Desired outcomes in program evaluation should be specific, realistic, and measurable, in order to effectively assess program impact and progress towards goals. Option A is too general and abstract, while options C and D limit the scope of outcomes to either long-term community changes or short-term effects, respectively.

Question 20

"Who did what with whom,when?" regarding program activities are questions addressed in a ____ evaluation.

Accepted Answer

The process evaluation assesses the implementation of the program, including who did what with whom and when. It focuses on the specific activities and procedures used to deliver the program in order to improve its effectiveness. The other evaluations (progress, outcome, input) focus on different aspects of the program assessment.

Quiz 13: Program Evaluation and Program Development