Question 1

_______________assumes that there are facts about the world that can be observed and tested independently from the individual who describes them.

Accepted Answer

Objectivity assumes that there are facts about the world that can be observed and tested independently from the individual who describes them. This means that there is a shared reality that can be studied and understood through objective methods of inquiry. Subjectivity, on the other hand, recognizes that individuals have unique perspectives and experiences that shape their understanding of the world. Validity refers to the accuracy and precision of a measurement or research study, while generalizability refers to the extent to which findings can be applied to other settings or populations beyond the sample studied.

Question 2

Before beginning a study on the health effects of obesity,a group of researchers agree that,for the purposes of their research,anyone with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 kg/m² will be considered obese.This is an example of _______________.

Accepted Answer

The statement describes an operational definition, which is a precise and measurable definition of a concept used in an experiment or study. In this case, the concept being defined is obesity, and the researchers are defining it via a specific measure (BMI > 30).

Question 3

According to your text,which of the following have researchers concluded about the "Mozart effect"?

Accepted Answer

The text states that while early studies suggested that listening to classical music could improve spatial reasoning, later research has concluded that the effect is small and short-lasting. The text does not suggest that listening to classical music has a long-lasting improvement on other types of thinking and reasoning, nor does it suggest that listening to all types of music has a positive effect on thinking and reasoning.

Question 4

Which of the following is one of the five characteristics of quality research listed in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

The characteristic mentioned in the textbook is "making sure results can be replicated." Using subjective measurements, keeping sensitive results secret, and avoiding generalizing results are not considered as characteristics of quality research according to the textbook.

Question 5

In research,the object,concept,or event being measured is called a ____________.

Accepted Answer

The object, concept, or event being measured is called a variable in research. Data units refer to the individual pieces of data that are collected, population refers to the entire group of individuals that are being studied, and sample refers to a subset of the population that is selected for research.

Question 6

__________ is the extent to which a measure assesses what it claims to measure.

Accepted Answer

Validity is the extent to which a measure assesses what it claims to measure. Operationalization is the process of defining how a concept will be measured or manipulated. Reliability refers to the consistency or stability of a measure over time or across different situations. Control group refers to the group in an experiment that does not receive the experimental treatment and serves as a basis of comparison for the experimental group.

Question 7

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

Researchers often study samples because it is impractical or impossible to study entire populations due to constraints such as time, cost, and accessibility. By studying a representative sample, researchers can make inferences about the population as a whole.

Question 8

Which of the following is subjective?

Accepted Answer

The value of a painting is subjective because it is determined by the opinions and perceptions of individuals, and can vary greatly depending on factors such as historical significance, popularity, and artistic style. The other options, such as height, speed, and weight, are objective measurements that can be quantified and measured with accuracy.

Question 9

A group of researchers are studying depression in a sample of patients.Each researcher independently assesses the level of depression in each patient,but their assessments do not match.The problem with the research is that

Accepted Answer

The problem with the research is that the researchers do not have an objective measure of depression, which is leading to inconsistent assessments of depression levels in patients. If the researchers had an objective measure, such as a questionnaire or diagnostic tool, their assessments would likely align more closely.

Question 10

______________ is a method where researchers typically use interviews,phone surveys,and questionnaires to directly collect responses from the people being studied.

Accepted Answer

Self-reporting is the method where researchers collect direct responses from the people being studied through interviews, phone surveys, and questionnaires. This method allows individuals to provide information about their experiences, perspectives, and behaviors in their own words, which can be valuable for understanding complex phenomena such as mental health, attitudes, and beliefs. Other options such as generalizing and random sampling refer to more general principles of research design and are not specifically linked to the method of collecting responses. Blind sampling is not a recognized term in research methodology.

Question 11

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Accepted Answer

Behaviour is the most objective and observable aspect of psychological phenomena. Introspection, thoughts, and feelings are subjective experiences and difficult to measure objectively.

Question 12

Dr.Sparks is concerned because he gave Julie a new intelligence test that he personally designed and her scores do not seem very consistent.Which aspect of psychological testing is Dr.Sparks concerned with?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Sparks is concerned with the consistency of Julie's scores, which is a characteristic of test reliability. Validity refers to whether the test measures what it claims to measure, self-report measures are a specific type of testing method, and falsifiability pertains to the ability to test a hypothesis with evidence that could potentially disprove it.

Question 13

Jasmine took a self-administered online intelligence test three times yesterday and obtained scores of 124,128,and 125.This made her feel great because the score she received from the psychologist last month at school was only a 95.What characteristic might the online test be lacking?

Accepted Answer

The online intelligence test may be lacking validity because it is not clear if it is actually measuring intelligence accurately. The fact that Jasmine's scores varied significantly each time she took the test also suggests that it may not be reliable.

Question 14

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

Accepted Answer

Generalizability refers to the extent to which findings or results from a particular study can be applied to other settings or populations. It is an important aspect of research because researchers want to ensure that their findings are not limited to one specific group or situation but can be generalized to a larger population. Objectivity, reliability, and validity are also important aspects of research but do not specifically deal with the ability to generalize findings.

Question 15

One way to increase the possibility that research results will generalize is to study a ____________ sample.

Accepted Answer

Conducting research with a large sample size increases the likelihood that the results will generalize to the larger population from which the sample was drawn.

Question 16

Brittany,a softball player who plays catcher for the local university,has thrown out base stealers at the rates of 42,39,and 41 percent over her three years.Her performance could be considered which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Brittany's performance could be considered reliable because she has consistently thrown out base stealers at a high rate over three years, indicating a consistent level of skill in catching and throwing.

Question 17

__________ is consistency of measurement.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of measurement, in terms of how consistently a tool or procedure measures a concept or phenomenon.

Question 18

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

Accepted Answer

Operational definitions are used to carefully define terms and variables so they can be objectively studied. This helps to ensure that different researchers can replicate the study's methods and results. Keeping participants from knowing which treatment group they are in, reducing demand characteristics, and increasing ecological validity are all important considerations in experimental design, but they are not directly related to the use of operational definitions.

Question 19

A researcher uses a blood pressure cuff (technically called a sphygmomanometer)to measure the blood pressure of participants while they are shown sexual,violent,or relaxing videos.The blood pressure measurement in this study is an example of ______________.

Accepted Answer

The blood pressure measurement is a variable, as it is being measured in order to study changes in response to different stimuli. A sample would refer to the participants being chosen to participate in the study, self-reporting would involve participants reporting their own experiences or feelings, and a demand characteristic would involve participants behaving in a way they believe the researcher wants them to behave.

Question 20

When assessing patients' personalities using an "ink blot" test that she created,Dr.Hardcastle is gaining confidence in the test's reliability.Which of the following is likely to be happening?

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency in results obtained from a test. Therefore, if the ink blot test is generating approximately the same results each time, it indicates that the test is reliable. The other options are not relevant to assessing the reliability of a test.

Quiz 2: B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

_______________assumes that there are facts about the world that can be observed and tested independently from the individual who describes them.

Before beginning a study on the health effects of obesity,a group of researchers agree that,for the purposes of their research,anyone with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 kg/m² will be considered obese.This is an example of _______________.

According to your text,which of the following have researchers concluded about the "Mozart effect"?

Which of the following is one of the five characteristics of quality research listed in the textbook?

In research,the object,concept,or event being measured is called a ____________.

__________ is the extent to which a measure assesses what it claims to measure.

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is subjective?

A group of researchers are studying depression in a sample of patients.Each researcher independently assesses the level of depression in each patient,but their assessments do not match.The problem with the research is that

______________ is a method where researchers typically use interviews,phone surveys,and questionnaires to directly collect responses from the people being studied.

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Dr.Sparks is concerned because he gave Julie a new intelligence test that he personally designed and her scores do not seem very consistent.Which aspect of psychological testing is Dr.Sparks concerned with?

Jasmine took a self-administered online intelligence test three times yesterday and obtained scores of 124,128,and 125.This made her feel great because the score she received from the psychologist last month at school was only a 95.What characteristic might the online test be lacking?

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

One way to increase the possibility that research results will generalize is to study a ____________ sample.

Brittany,a softball player who plays catcher for the local university,has thrown out base stealers at the rates of 42,39,and 41 percent over her three years.Her performance could be considered which of the following?

__________ is consistency of measurement.

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

A researcher uses a blood pressure cuff (technically called a sphygmomanometer) to measure the blood pressure of participants while they are shown sexual,violent,or relaxing videos.The blood pressure measurement in this study is an example of ______________.

When assessing patients' personalities using an "ink blot" test that she created,Dr.Hardcastle is gaining confidence in the test's reliability.Which of the following is likely to be happening?

Quiz 2: B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

_______________assumes that there are facts about the world that can be observed and tested independently from the individual who describes them.

Before beginning a study on the health effects of obesity,a group of researchers agree that,for the purposes of their research,anyone with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 kg/m2 will be considered obese.This is an example of _______________.

According to your text,which of the following have researchers concluded about the "Mozart effect"?

Which of the following is one of the five characteristics of quality research listed in the textbook?

In research,the object,concept,or event being measured is called a ____________.

__________ is the extent to which a measure assesses what it claims to measure.

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is subjective?

A group of researchers are studying depression in a sample of patients.Each researcher independently assesses the level of depression in each patient,but their assessments do not match.The problem with the research is that

______________ is a method where researchers typically use interviews,phone surveys,and questionnaires to directly collect responses from the people being studied.

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Dr.Sparks is concerned because he gave Julie a new intelligence test that he personally designed and her scores do not seem very consistent.Which aspect of psychological testing is Dr.Sparks concerned with?

Jasmine took a self-administered online intelligence test three times yesterday and obtained scores of 124,128,and 125.This made her feel great because the score she received from the psychologist last month at school was only a 95.What characteristic might the online test be lacking?

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

One way to increase the possibility that research results will generalize is to study a ____________ sample.

Brittany,a softball player who plays catcher for the local university,has thrown out base stealers at the rates of 42,39,and 41 percent over her three years.Her performance could be considered which of the following?

__________ is consistency of measurement.

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

A researcher uses a blood pressure cuff (technically called a sphygmomanometer) to measure the blood pressure of participants while they are shown sexual,violent,or relaxing videos.The blood pressure measurement in this study is an example of ______________.

When assessing patients' personalities using an "ink blot" test that she created,Dr.Hardcastle is gaining confidence in the test's reliability.Which of the following is likely to be happening?

Before beginning a study on the health effects of obesity,a group of researchers agree that,for the purposes of their research,anyone with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 kg/m² will be considered obese.This is an example of _______________.